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Politics of Punjab, India

Politics of the contemporary Indian state of Punjab (1967–present) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Politics in reorganised present-day Punjab is dominated by mainly three parties – Indian National Congress, Aam Aadmi Party and Shiromani Akali Dal (Badal).[1][2] Since 1967, Chief Minister of Punjab has been predominantly from Jat Sikh community despite its 21 percent state population.[3][4][5] Exceptions are Giani Zail Singh, the Chief Minister of Punjab from 17 March 1972 to 30 April 1977 belonging to Ramgarhia community[6][7] that has population of 6 percent and is a part of significant OBC community having population of 31.3 percent in the state and Charanjit Singh Channi who held the position for 111 days from 20 September 2021 to 16 March 2022 and was from Scheduled Caste(Dalit) who have 32 percent population in the state.[8][9] Other prominent party is Bahujan Samaj Party especially in Doaba region[10][11][12][13] founded by Kanshi Ram of Rupnagar district.[14] In 1992 BSP won 9 seats Vidhan Sabha elections.[15] Also BSP won 3 lok sabha seats from Punjab in 1996 general elections[16] [17] and only Garhshanker seat in 1997 Vidhan Sabha elections.[18] Communist parties too have some influence in the Malwa area.[19] In the 2014 general elections, the first-time contesting Aam Aadmi Party got 4 out of 13 seats in Punjab by winning 34 of the total 117 assembly segments, coming second in 7, third in 73 and fourth in the rest 3 segments.[20] The support for the Aam Aadmi Party increased later in Punjab.[21][22] The current Government was elected in the 2022 Punjab Assembly elections and the AAP won 92 out of 117 Assembly seats with Bhagwant Mann as the Chief Minister. The Congress flows down to get only 18 seats.

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History

Pre-1947 period

See also: 1907 Punjab unrest

Before 1947 partition of Punjab, politics were dominated by Unionist Party as it was main party in united Punjab especially seen in 1937 elections.[23][24]

1947–1966

See also: Punjabi Suba movement

During 1947-1966 Punjab was undivided and consisted of present-day Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, and Chandigarh.[25] This meant that both population and religion factor of whole state was mixed and politics were dominated by Indian National Congress.[26][27][28][29]

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Political parties

Punjab has many political parties but only eight parties recognized by Election Commission of India and having presence in the state:

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Maps

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Punjab in Map of India

Punjab is situated in Northern India and shares its boundary with three states – Rajasthan, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh and with two Union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Chandigarh. It also shares its border with Pakistan.

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Punjab

The election Schedule will declare by Election Commission of India on the reasonable time.[34]

Last year election dates were announced on 4 January and polling was completed on 4 February 2017. Results were declared on 11 March 2017.

Map of Punjab

Punjab has 23 districts (Malerkotla is the 23rd District, carved out from Sangrur District in May, 2021) and is divided into 4 regions, having 117 total constituencies.

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All the 23 districts of Punjab along with their headquarters.
  1. Majha region have 4 district and 25 Assembly constituencies
  2. Doaba is the smallest region with 23 assembly constituencies and 4 districts
  3. Malwa is the biggest region with 15 districts (including 3 districts in Puadh region) and 69 assembly constituencies
  5. 34 seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes and Punjab have no reservation for ST community.

Legislative Assembly Seats Map

This year Punjab will see Major Fight between Indian National Congress, Shiromani Akali Dal and Aam Aadmi Party and Punjab Democratic Alliance.

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34 Seats are Reserved for SC's and 83 are unreserved out of 117 assembly Constituencies of Punjab

Region and District wise list of Assembly constituencies

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This map shows the Districts and Assembly constituencies in the District
More information S. No., Region ...
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Constituencies

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Following is the list of parliamentary constituencies (PC) and assembly constituencies (AC) of Punjab:-

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In Punjab each Parliamentary constituency consists Nine Assembly constituencies.
More information PC No., Parliamentary Constituency ...
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Former Constituencies

The most recent Delimitation Commission was constituted on July 12, 2002. The recommendations of the commission were approved by the Presidential notification on February 19, 2008.[35][36] With this, three of the constituencies were eliminated. The Lok Sabha constituencies abolished, as a result, were as follows:

  1. Phillaur constituency
  2. Ropar constituency
  3. Tarn Taran constituency

See also

References

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