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Pumpokolic languages
Extinct branch of Yeniseian languages From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Pumpokolic languages (also known as the Arin-Pumpokol,[1] depending on classification or Pumpolic languages) form one of the principal subgroups of the Yeniseian languages. All constituent languages are now extinct.
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Classification
The classification of this group is debated. Most classify Arin and Pumpokol (and eventually Jie) in a Southern Yeniseian subgroup,[2] but more recently linguists have placed Arin in its separate Arinic branch (sometimes placed as a subgroup of Southern Yeniseian), and classify Pumpokol(ic) as a separate branch of Yeniseian.
Arin-Pumpokol model
Yeniseian
- Northern
- Southern
- Kott-Assan
- Arin-Pumpokol
- Arin
- Pumpokol
- (Jie)
Split Arinic/Pumpokolic model
This model is used in Vajda 2024.[3]
Yeniseian
- Yenisei-Ostyak
- Kottic
- Arinic
- Arin
- Pumpokolic
- Jie?
- Pumpokolic
Southern Yeniseian model
This model was introduced in Georg 2007[4] and used in Hölzl 2018.[5]
Yeniseian
- Northern
- Pumpokol
- Southern
- Assan-Kott
- Arin
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History
According to the Southern Yeniseian theory, Pumpokolic may have split from Yeniseian around the 9th century BCE, and would have extended southward to China in the 4th century (Melas (2022).[6][user-generated source?] Arin and Pumpokol are then posited to have separated in the 6th century. Arin is believed to have gone extinct in the 1730s and Pumpokol around the early 18th century.
See also
References
Bibliography
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