MYB (gene)

Myb genes are part of a large gene family of transcription factors found in animals and plants. In humans, it includes Myb proto-oncogene like 1 and Myb-related protein B in addition to MYB proper.^[5][6] Members of the extended SANT/Myb family also include the SANT domain and other similar all-helical homeobox-like domains.

Myb-like DNA-binding domain
Identifiers
Symbol	Myb_DNA-binding
Pfam	PF00249
InterPro	IPR001005
PROSITE	PDOC00037
CATH	1irz
SCOP2	1irz / SCOPe / SUPFAM
CDD	cd00167
Available protein structures: Pfam   structures / ECOD   PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

MYB
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1GUU, 1GV2, 1GV5, 1GVD, 1H88, 1H89, 1IDY, 1IDZ, 1MBE, 1MBF, 1MBG, 1MBH, 1MBJ, 1MBK, 1MSE, 1MSF, 1SB0, 2AGH
Identifiers
Aliases	MYB, Cmyb, c-myb, c-myb_CDS, efg, MYB proto-oncogene, transcription factor
External IDs	OMIM: 189990; MGI: 97249; HomoloGene: 31311; GeneCards: MYB; OMA:MYB - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 6 (human)[1] Band 6q23.3 Start 135,181,308 bp[1] End 135,219,173 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 10 (mouse)[2] Band 10 A3|10 9.75 cM Start 21,000,834 bp[2] End 21,036,883 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in mucosa of sigmoid colon bronchial epithelial cell trabecular bone bone marrow thymus rectum buccal mucosa cell bone marrow cells mucosa of transverse colon right uterine tube Top expressed in thymus tibiofemoral joint left colon fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell crypt of lieberkuhn of small intestine Paneth cell hair follicle femur body of femur granulocyte More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding DNA binding DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific protein binding DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Cellular component nuclear matrix nucleus nucleoplasm Biological process positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated chromatin remodeling negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated regulation of transcription, DNA-templated negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation transcription, DNA-templated positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of histone H3-K9 methylation positive regulation of T-helper cell differentiation transcription by RNA polymerase II mitotic cell cycle response to hypoxia positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation positive regulation of glial cell proliferation cellular response to hydrogen peroxide cellular response to retinoic acid positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta production positive regulation of neuron death positive regulation of hepatic stellate cell proliferation positive regulation of hepatic stellate cell activation positive regulation of testosterone secretion regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 4602 17863 Ensembl ENSG00000118513 ENSMUSG00000019982 UniProt P10242 Q708E1 P06876 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001130172 NM_001130173 NM_001161656 NM_001161657 NM_001161658 NM_001161659 NM_001161660 NM_005375 NM_001198914 NM_010848 NM_033597 RefSeq (protein) NP_001123644 NP_001123645 NP_001155128 NP_001155129 NP_001155130 NP_001155131 NP_001155132 NP_005366 NP_001185843 NP_034978 Location (UCSC) Chr 6: 135.18 – 135.22 Mb Chr 10: 21 – 21.04 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Function

Viral

The Myb gene family is named after the eponymous gene in Avian myeloblastosis virus. The viral Myb (v-Myb, P01104) recognizes the sequence 5'-YAACKG-3'. It causes myeloblastosis (myeloid leukemia) in chickens.^[7] Compared to the normal animal cellular Myb (c-myb), v-myb contains deletions in the C-terminal regulatory domain, leading to aberrant activation of other oncogenes.^[8]

Animals

Myb proto-oncogene protein is a member of the MYB (myeloblastosis) family of transcription factors. The protein contains three domains, an N-terminal DNA-binding domain, a central transcriptional activation domain and a C-terminal domain involved in transcriptional repression. It may play a role in cell cycle regulation. Like the viral version, this gene is an oncogene, and rearrangements of the gene (often involving deletion in the C-terminal domain) causes cancer.^[8]

Plants

MYB factors represent a family of proteins that include the conserved MYB DNA-binding domain. Plants contain a MYB-protein subfamily that is characterised by the R2R3-type MYB domain.^[9]

In maize, phlobaphenes are synthesized in the flavonoids synthetic pathway^[10] from polymerisation of flavan-4-ols^[11][12] which encodes an R2R3 myb-like transcriptional activator^[13] of the A1 gene encoding for the dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (reducing dihydroflavonols into flavan-4-ols)^[14] while another gene (Suppressor of Pericarp Pigmentation 1 or SPP1) acts as a suppressor.^[15] The maize P gene encodes a Myb homolog that recognizes the sequence CCWACC, in sharp contrast with the YAACGG bound by vertebrate Myb proteins.^[16]

In sorghum, the corresponding yellow seed 1 gene (y1)^[17] also encodes a R2R3 type of Myb domain protein that regulates the expression of chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase and dihydroflavonol reductase genes required for the biosynthesis of 3-deoxyflavonoids.^[18]

Ruby is a MYB transcriptional activator of genes that produce anthocyanin in citrus fruits. In most citrus varieties Ruby is non-functional, but in blood oranges it upregulates anthocyanin production to produce the characteristic red color of the fruit.^[19]

See also

• EZH1