REG3A

Regenerating islet-derived protein 3 alpha (or Regenerating islet-derived protein III-alpha) formerly known as HIP/PAP (Hepatocarcinoma-Intestine-Pancreas/Pancreatitis-Associated Protein) and peptide 23^[5] is a protein that in humans is encoded by the REG3A gene.^[6][7]

REG3A
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1UV0, 2GO0, 4MTH
Identifiers
Aliases	REG3A, HIP, HIP/PAP, INGAP, PAP, PAP-H, PAP1, PBCGF, REG-III, REG3, regenerating family member 3 alpha
External IDs	OMIM: 167805; MGI: 97478; HomoloGene: 130506; GeneCards: REG3A; OMA:REG3A - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human)[1] Band 2p12 Start 79,157,003 bp[1] End 79,159,753 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 6 (mouse)[2] Band 6|6 C3 Start 78,347,640 bp[2] End 78,350,449 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in mucosa of ileum jejunal mucosa duodenum body of pancreas pancreatic ductal cell islet of Langerhans beta cell testicle pylorus gallbladder Top expressed in Paneth cell jejunum duodenum crypt of lieberkuhn of small intestine intestinal villus ileum Ileal epithelium pyloric antrum islet of Langerhans lumbar subsegment of spinal cord More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding carbohydrate binding identical protein binding transmembrane signaling receptor activity peptidoglycan binding oligosaccharide binding Cellular component cytoplasm extracellular region extracellular space Biological process inflammatory response multicellular organism development negative regulation of keratinocyte differentiation positive regulation of keratinocyte proliferation cell population proliferation heterophilic cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules positive regulation of wound healing acute-phase response antimicrobial humoral response positive regulation of cell population proliferation response to peptide hormone cell wall disruption in other organism antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 5068 18489 Ensembl ENSG00000172016 ENSMUSG00000071356 UniProt Q06141 P35230 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_138938 NM_002580 NM_138937 NM_011036 RefSeq (protein) NP_002571 NP_620354 NP_620355 NP_035166 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 79.16 – 79.16 Mb Chr 6: 78.35 – 78.35 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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This gene encodes a pancreatic secretory protein that may be involved in cell proliferation or differentiation. It has similarity to the C-type lectin superfamily. The enhanced expression of this gene is observed during pancreatic inflammation and liver carcinogenesis. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described for this gene but the full length nature of some transcripts is not yet known.^[7]

Reg3A (UniProt Q0614 1) is a bactericidal C-type lectin that is constitutively produced in the intestine that has antibacterial properties against Gram-positive bacteria. Bacterial killing is mediated by binding to surface-exposed carbohydrate moieties of bacterial peptidoglycan and executed by the formation of a hexameric pore in the membrane.^[8][9][10]