RTCB

RNA 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-OH ligase is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RTCB gene.^[5] It is found in the stress granule of cells.^[6]

RTCB
Identifiers
Aliases	RTCB, C22orf28, DJ149A16.6, FAAP, HSPC117, RNA 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-OH ligase
External IDs	OMIM: 613901; MGI: 106379; HomoloGene: 36344; GeneCards: RTCB; OMA:RTCB - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 22 (human)[1] Band 22q12.3 Start 32,387,582 bp[1] End 32,412,248 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 10 (mouse)[2] Band 10 C1|10 41.81 cM Start 85,774,501 bp[2] End 85,793,687 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in jejunal mucosa islet of Langerhans mucosa of ileum duodenum rectum skin of leg skin of abdomen beta cell skin of arm smooth muscle tissue Top expressed in primitive streak mandibular prominence maxillary prominence endocardial cushion facial motor nucleus vestibular sensory epithelium efferent ductule lobe of prostate Rostral migratory stream vas deferens More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function vinculin binding nucleotide binding RNA ligase (ATP) activity ligase activity protein binding ATP binding RNA ligase activity metal ion binding RNA binding Cellular component cytoplasm tRNA-splicing ligase complex nuclear envelope endoplasmic reticulum membrane nucleus nucleoplasm cytosol intracellular membrane-bounded organelle Biological process RNA processing tRNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation tRNA processing tRNA exon ligation utilizing 2',3' cyclic phosphate of 5'-exon as source of linkage phosphate in utero embryonic development placenta development Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 51493 28088 Ensembl ENSG00000100220 ENSMUSG00000001783 UniProt Q9Y3I0 Q99LF4 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_014306 NM_145422 RefSeq (protein) NP_055121 NP_663397 Location (UCSC) Chr 22: 32.39 – 32.41 Mb Chr 10: 85.77 – 85.79 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Structure

As of June 2019^[update], no crystal structure of the human RTCB is known, but homology models built from other RtcB-family ligases are available (Swiss-model: Q9Y3I0). The structure of Pyrococcus horikoshii RtcB, which uses GTP instead of ATP, shows two manganese (Mn²⁺) cofactors, and a mechanism involving a covalently linked GTP-histidine-RtcB intermediate. The residue involved, H404, is conserved in human RTCB as H428.^[7]

Function

Protein family

tRNA splicing ligase RtcB
Identifiers
Symbol	RtcB
Pfam	PF01139
InterPro	IPR001233
PROSITE	PS01288
CATH	1uc2
SCOP2	1uc2 / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures: Pfam   structures / ECOD   PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

RTCB belongs to the RtcB family of ATP-dependent RNA ligases, named after the eponymous protein in E. coli. The bacterial RtcB acts as a tRNA ligase, rejoining broken stem-loops in case of damage.^[8] It is also able to catalyse RNA splicing.^[9]

The eukaryotic homologs of RtcB, including the human RTCB protein, participates in the tRNA-splicing ligase complex.^[10]