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Timeline of Dresden
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Dresden, Saxony, Germany.
Prior to 18th century
- 1206 – First documentation of Dražďany.[1]
- 1215 – Nikolaikirche founded.
- 1272 – Franziskanerkloster founded.
- 1309 – City seal incorporates coat of arms of Dresden.
- 1350 – first documentation of Altendresden (today Innere Neustadt) at the northern side of the Elbe.
- 1351 – Sophienkirche built.
- 1388 – Kreuzkirche consecrated.
- 1400 – Busmannkapelle built.
- 1409 – Armory established.
- 1434 – Striezelmarkt occurring.
- 1524 - Printing press in operation.[2]
- 1530 – City expands.
- 1548 – Orchestra founded.
- 1563 – Dresdner Zeughaus built.[3]
- 1589 – Johanneum built.[3]
- 1666 – Premiere of Schütz's St Matthew Passion.[4]
- 1667 – Opera house opens.[4]
- 1678 - "Elector of Saxony's Players" dramatic troupe(de) headquartered in Dresden (approximate date).[5]
- 1695 – Parade of Frederick Augustus I.[6][7]
- 1697 – Population: 40,000 (approximate).[8]
- 1700 – Von Tschirnhaus glassworks set up.[9]
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18th century
- 1704 - Palais Flemming-Sulkowski built.
- 1708 – Porcelain developed by Johann Friedrich Böttger.[9]
- 1710 – Meissen porcelain manufactory begins operating near city.[10]
- 1717 – Japanisches Palais built.[3]
- 1718 – Royal Palace rebuilt.[3]
- 1719 – Wedding reception of Polish Prince Frederick Augustus and Maria Josepha of Austria.
- 1720 – Catholic Cemetery opens by decree of King Augustus II the Strong.[11]
- 1722
- Zwinger built.[3][10]
- Picture Gallery founded.[3]
- 1723
- Grünes Gewölbe founded.
- Pillnitz Castle built.
- 1724 – Royal Cabinet of Mathematical and Physical Instruments established.
- 1726 – Übigau Palace completed.[12]
- 1729 – Wackerbarth-Palais built.
- 1733 – Villages of Gorbitz and Übigau (present-day districts) granted to Aleksander Józef Sułkowski by Augustus III of Poland.[12]
- 1736 – Equestrian sculpture of Polish King August the Strong unveiled.
- 1743 – Frauenkirche built.[8]
- 1745 - City "taken by the Russians."[13]
- 1748 – Collegium Medico Chirurgicum established.
- 1755 – Population: 63,000 (approximate).[8]
- 1756 – Catholic Church of the Royal Court built.[8]
- 1759 - September: "Dresden liberated from Prussians."[14]
- 1760 – July: Siege of Dresden.[14][15]
- 1763 – Death and burial of King Augustus III of Poland at the Catholic Church of the Royal Court.
- 1764 – Dresden Art Academy founded.
- 1776 – Landhaus built.
- 1784 – Observatory established.
- 1788 – Saxon Library opens.
- 1793 – Tadeusz Kościuszko begins preparations for the Kościuszko Uprising in the city in response to the Second Partition of Poland.[16]
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19th century
- 1807 – Constitution of the Duchy of Warsaw promulgated.
- 1809 – Austrians in power.[15]
- 1813 – 26–27 August: Battle of Dresden.[13][17]
- 1814 – Großer Garten opens to the public.
- 1818 – Ernst Arnold gallery established.[18]
- 1823 – Jordan & Timaeus chocolate manufactury established.[9]
- 1828 – Saxon Technical School founded.
- 1831 – Many Polish insurgents of the November Uprising fled from the Russian Partition of Poland to the city.[1]
- 1833 – Isis Society (natural history) founded.[19]
- 1835 – Polish composer Fryderyk Chopin met his future fiancée Maria Wodzinska in the city.[20]
- 1838 - Dresden Coinage Convention held in city.[21]
- 1839 – Leipzig–Dresden railway begins operating.
- 1843 - Jam factory begins operating.[22]
- 1845 – Flood.
- 1841 – Opera house built.
- 1845 - 19 October: Premiere of Wagner's opera Tannhäuser.[23]
- 1849 – May Uprising in Dresden.[17]
- 1852
- Marien Brucke (bridge) constructed.[24]
- Population: 100,000.
- 1854 – Semper Gallery[3] and Schloss Albrechtsberg built.
- 1855 – September: Royal Gallery opens.[25]
- 1856 – Dresden Conservatory established.[23]
- 1858 - Population: 128,152.[26]
- 1861 – Dresden Zoo opens.[27]
- 1866 – Prussians in power.[15]
- 1870 – Gewerbehausorchester founded.[28]
- 1871 – Military facility built in Albertstadt.[citation needed]
- 1874 - Dresden English Football Club confirmed
- 1875 – Dresden Museum of Ethnology founded.
- 1876 – Fürstenzug created.
- 1878 – Opera house rebuilt.
- 1889
- Albertinum built.[3]
- Dresden Botanical Garden created.
- 1891 – Dresden City Museum founded.
- 1893 – Blue Wonder bridge constructed.
- 1895 – Dresden Funicular Railway begins operating.
- 1897 – Dresden Central Station built.
- 1898
- Ernemann-Werke camera factory in operation.
- Dresdner SC football club formed.
20th century
1900-1945
- 1901
- Dresden-Neustadt station opens.
- Schwebebahn Dresden begins operating.
- 1903
- German City Exhibit held.[29]
- Simmel delivers The Metropolis and Mental Life lecture.[30]
- 1904 – Ministry building constructed.
- 1905 - 9 December: Premiere of Strauss' opera Salome.
- 1910
- Städtische Zentralbibliothek, Dresden (city library) formed.[31]
- Augustus Bridge constructed.
- 1911
- Dresden Museums Association formed.
- Premiere of Strauss' opera Der Rosenkavalier.[32]
- 1912 – Ihagee camera company and German Hygiene Museum founded.
- 1914 – Saxon army museum established.
- 1919
- Stadion am Ostragehege des Dresdner SC opens.
- Population: 529,326.[33]
- 1923 – Glücksgas Stadium built.
- 1932 – Polish-language church services cancelled.[1]
- 1933 – Population: 649,252.
- 1935 – Dresden-Klotzsche Airport opens.
- 1939
- September: Mass arrests of local Polish activists (see also Nazi crimes against the Polish nation).[34]
- Population: 625,174.[15]
- 1940 – Hans Nieland becomes mayor.
- 1942
- June: Subcamp of the Flossenbürg concentration camp founded at the SS Engineer's Barracks.[35]
- 23–24 August: Twelve young Polish men, members of the Czarny Legion resistance organization, executed.[36]
- 24 August: Five Polish students of the Salesian oratory in Poznań, known as the "Poznań Five" (Poznańska Piątka), later beatified martyrs of World War II of the Catholic Church, executed.[37]
- 1944
- 15 September: Subcamp of the Flossenbürg concentration camp founded at the Railway Repair Works. Its prisoners were mostly Poles and Russians.[38]
- 9 October: Two women subcamps of Flossenbürg founded at the Goehle-Werk and Universelle factories. Its prisoners were mostly Poles, Russians and Germans.[39][40]
- 22 October: Dresden-Reick subcamp of Flossenbürg founded. Its prisoners were mostly Polish, Russian and Jewish women.[41]
- 24 November: Dresden-Bernsdorf subcamp of Flossenbürg founded. Its prisoners were mostly Polish-Jewish men, women and children.[42]
- 1945
- 13–14 February: Aerial bombing by Allied forces.[43]
- 19 February: Subcamp of Flossenbürg at the Railway Repair Works dissolved. Prisoners deported to the main Flossenbürg camp.[38]
- 24 March: Dresden-Reichsbahn subcamp of Flossenbürg founded. Its prisoners were mostly Polish, Jewish and Russian men.[44]
- April: Goehle-Werk, Bernsdorf, Reichsbahn, Universelle and SS Engineer's Barracks subcamps of Flossenbürg dissolved. Prisoners either deported or mostly sent on death marches to various other locations.[35][39][40][42][44]
- 22–27 April: Battle of Dresden
- April: Reick subcamp of Flossenbürg dissolved. Prisoners sent on a death march to the Ore Mountains.[41]
- 8 May: Russians take city.[15]
1946-1990s
- 1946
- Sächsische Zeitung begins publication.
- Population: 450,000.
- 1950
- SG Deutsche Volkspolizei Dresden football club founded.
- Botanical Garden restored.
- Hellerau and Pillnitz incorporated into city.
- 1956 – Dresden Transport Museum opens.
- 1959 – Galerie Neue Meister formed.
- 1960 – Józef Ignacy Kraszewski Museum opens at his former house.
- 1961 – Dresden University of Technology formed.
- 1972 – Filmtheater Prager Strasse opens.[45]
- 1973 – Dresden S-Bahn established.
- 1983
- Staatsschauspiel Dresden formed.
- Population: 522,532.
- 1986 - Pinova apple created.[46]
- 1989
- protests stop the planned high-purity silicon factory[47]
- trains with East German embassy refugees from Prague pass Dresden main station with demonstrations and clashes with the police[48][circular reference]
- Monday demonstrations
- 1990 - Dresdner Neueste Nachrichten begins publication.
- 1991
- Bunte Republik Neustadt festival begins.
- Fußballverein Dresden-Nord formed.
- 1992
- Soviet forces withdrawn.
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf established.
- 1996 – Dresdner Sinfoniker founded.
- 2000 - Stadtarchiv Dresden (city archives) relocated to Elisabeth-Boer-Strasse.[49]
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21st century
- 2002
- Elbe Flood.[50]
- Volkswagen's Transparent Factory opens.
- 2004
- Dresden High Magnetic Field Laboratory established.
- Dresden Elbe Valley designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- 2005
- Dresden Frauenkirche rebuilt.
- Dresden City Art Gallery opens.
- Neo-Nazi demonstration.
- 2006 – 800th anniversary of founding of Dresden.
- 2007
- Freiberger Arena opens.
- Waldschlösschen Bridge construction begins.
- 2008
- Helma Orosz becomes mayor.[51]
- December: City hosts the 38th Chess Olympiad.
- 2009 - Dresden Elbe Valley's UNESCO World Heritage Site status is revoked.
- 2010 – Anti-fascist demonstration.
- 2011
- Bundeswehr Military History Museum opens.
- Population: 523,058.[52]
- 2013
- Elbe flood.
- September: City co-hosts the 2013 Women's European Volleyball Championship.
- 2014 - PEGIDA begin protesting(de) against Islamism in the city, drawing crowds estimated up to 17,000 in peak[53][54]
- 2015 - Dirk Hilbert becomes mayor.
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See also
- History of Dresden
- Economy of Dresden
- List of mayors of Dresden
Other cities in the state of Saxony:
References
Bibliography
External links
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