Timeline of Nice

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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Nice, France.

Prior to 19th century

• 262 CE - Nice taken by Goth forces.^[1]
• 859 - Nice sacked by Saracens.^[2]
• 880 - Nice sacked by Saracens again.^[2]
• 1388 - Dedication of Nice to Savoy [fr] effected.^[2]
• 1538 - Peace treaty [fr] signed in Nice.
• 1543 - Siege of Nice by Turkish forces.^[1]
• 1545 - Pont-Vieux, Nice [fr] (bridge) rebuilt.
• 1561 - Italian replaces Latin as official language of Nice.
• 1564 - Major earthquake.^[3]
• 1650/85 - Nice Cathedral constructed.^[2]
• 1706 - Castle of Nice demolished by Duke of Berwick by command of Louis XIV.^[2]
• 1720
  • Nice becomes part of the Kingdom of Sardinia.
  • Medical school established.^{[citation needed]}
• 1722 - Hôtel de Ville built.^[4]
• 1724 - Abbaye Saint-Pons de Nice [fr] church built.^[5]
• 1770 - Quai des Ponchettes built.^[2]
• 1772 - Gazette de Nice [fr] newspaper begins publication.
• 1780 - Route Royale Nice-Turin [fr] paved.
• 1783 - Cimetière du Château (cemetery) established.
• 1784 - Chapelle du Saint-Sépulcre de Nice [fr] built.
• 1790 - Public library founded.^[6]
• 1792 - Conquered by French Revolutionary troops in September, annexed in November.
• 1793
  • Nice becomes part of the Alpes-Maritimes department of France.^[7]
  • Population: 24,117.^[7]
• 1800 - May: Nice occupied briefly by Austrian forces.^(fr)[8]

19th century

• 1812 - Lycée Masséna [fr] (school) opens.
• 1814 - Nice is returned to and thus becomes part of the Kingdom of Sardinia per Congress of Vienna.^[9]
• 1822 - Promenade des Anglais construction begins.^[2]
• 1832 - 25 April: Religious Vow of Nice [fr] taken in response to cholera epidemic.
• 1846 - Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Nice founded.
• 1852
  • Église Notre-Dame-des-Grâces [fr] (church) built.
  • English circulating library active.^[10]
• 1854 - Jardin Albert 1er [fr] (park) opens.
• 1855 - Maritime trade flourishes.^[11]
• 1856 - Population: 44,091.^[7]
• 1860 - Annexation of the County of Nice to France [fr].^[12]
• 1861 - Francization begins.
• 1863 - Phare du Littoral newspaper begins publication.^[13]
• 1864
  • Avenue Jean Médecin laid out.
  • Nice-Ville station opened.
• 1867 - Russian Orthodox Cemetery, Nice, established.
• 1870 - Swiss and Nice Times newspaper begins publication.^[14]
• 1871 - Niçard Vespers, three days of popular uprising in support of the union of the County of Nice with the Kingdom of Italy.^[15]
• 1879
  • Horsecar tramway begins operating.
  • Le Petit Niçois [fr] newspaper begins publication.^[13]
• 1881 - 23 March: Opéra de Nice burns down.^[8]
• 1882
  • Promenade of Nice [fr] built.
  • Pont-Neuf (Nice) [fr] (bridge) demolished.
• 1883 - L'Éclaireur newspaper begins publication.^[13]
• 1884 - Casino municipal de Nice [fr] built.
• 1885 - Opéra de Nice rebuilt.
• 1886 - Synagogue de Nice [fr] built.^[16]
• 1887 - Nice Observatory inaugurated.^[17]
• 1890 - Nice Lawn Tennis Club established.
• 1891
  • 4 October: Garibaldi monument, Nice [fr] unveiled in Place Garibaldi [fr].^[9][18]
  • Population: 88,273.^[7]
• 1892
  • Gare du Sud built.
  • Grasse-Nice Chemins de Fer de Provence (railway) begins operating.
• 1896 - Monument du Centenaire [fr] erected in the Jardin Albert 1er.^[18]
• 1900 - Electric tramway begins operating.

20th century

1901-1944

• 1901 - Population: 105,109.^[7]
• 1903 - A la mieu bella Nissa popular song written.
• 1904
  • Gymnaste Club de Nice formed.
  • Promenade des Anglais extended to the river Var.^[2]
• 1911 - Population: 142,940.^[19]
• 1912 - Russian Orthodox Cathedral opens, funded by Tsar Nicholas II of Russia.
• 1913 - Hotel Negresco in business.
• 1916 - Conservatory of Nice founded.
• 1919
  • Canton of Nice-1, 2, 3, and 4 created.^[7]
  • Victorine Studios of film established.^[20]
• 1927 - Stade du Ray (stadium) opens.
• 1928 - Palais des Arts opens.^[21]
• 1929 - Palais de la Méditerranée casino opens.^[22]
• 1931 - Population: 219,549.^[7]
• 1933 - Église Notre-Dame-Auxiliatrice de Nice [fr] (church) built.^[23]
• 1942 - 11 November: Italian occupation begins.^{[citation needed]}
• 1943 - 8 September: Italian occupation ends.^{[citation needed]}
• 1944
  • 26 May: Bombing by Allied forces.^(fr)
  • 28 August: Battle of Nice [fr].

1945-1990s

• 1945 - Nice-matin newspaper begins publication.^[24]
• 1948 - Nice Jazz Festival begins.
• 1954
  • Centre International de Formation Européenne headquartered in Nice.^{[citation needed]}
  • Population: 244,360.^[7]
• 1955 - Canton of Nice-5 and 6 created.^[7]
• 1956 - Fountain installed in the Place Masséna.
• 1963 - Musée Matisse opens.^[21]
• 1968 - Population: 322,442.^[7]
• 1970 - Palais Lascaris (musical instrument museum) opened.
• 1973
  • Nice University Hospital [fr] established.
  • Canton of Nice-7, 8, 9, 10 [fr], and 11 [fr] created.^[7]
• 1979 - 16 October: Weather-related 1979 Nice events occur.
• 1981 - June: 1981 Tour de France cycling race departs from Nice.^(fr)
• 1982
  • Canton of Nice-12 [fr], 13 [fr], and 14 [fr] created.^[7]
  • Nice becomes part of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region.
• 1984 - Palais des Congrès Acropolis built.
• 1988 - Le Standard de Nice [fr] newspaper begins publication.
• 1991 - Gare de Nice CP opens.
• 1995 - Jacques Peyrat becomes mayor.
• 1999
  • Forum d'urbanisme et d'architecture [fr] established.
  • Population: 342,738.^[7]

21st century .

2000s

• 2001 - 26 February: European Treaty of Nice signed in city.
• 2002 - Urban community of Nice Côte d'Azur created.
• 2003 - Bombing.
• 2007 - Nice tramway opens.
• 2008 - Christian Estrosi becomes mayor.

2010s

• 2011
  • Metropolis Nice Côte d'Azur created.
  • Population: 344,064.
• 2013
  • Allianz Riviera stadium opens.
  • 2013 Jeux de la Francophonie held in Nice.
• 2014 - March: Nice municipal election, 2014 [fr] held.
• 2015
  • February: Stabbing.
  • October: 2015 Alpes-Maritimes flood [fr] occurs.^[25]
  • December: 2015 Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur regional election held.^[26]
• 2016 - July: Terrorist attack kills 86 and injures 434.

2020s

• 2020 - October: Terrorist attack kills three, with one victim being beheaded.
• 2024 - July: Arson attack kills 7 and injures 33

See also

• Nice history
• History of Nice [fr]
• List of mayors of Nice [fr]
• List of heritage sites in Nice [fr]
• Other names of Nice
• Archives communales de Nice [fr]
• History of Alpes-Maritimes [fr] department
• Timeline of Provence [fr] region

Other cities in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region:

• Timeline of Aix-en-Provence
• Timeline of Arles [fr]
• Timeline of Avignon
• Timeline of Marseille
• Timeline of Toulon