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Timeline of Marseille
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Marseille, France.
Prior to 17th century
- 600 BCE - Massalia founded by Phocaean Greeks (approximate date).[1][2]
- 49 BCE - Siege of Massilia.[1]
- 1st C. CE - Roman Catholic diocese of Marseille established.[3]
- ca.290 - Martyrdom of Victor of Marseilles an Egyptian Christian martyr.[2]
- 415 - Abbey of St. Victor founded (approximate date).
- 470 - Town taken by forces of Visigoth Euric.[4]
- 6th C. - Port in operation.
- 839 - Town "sacked by Saracens."[4]
- 1214
- Town becomes a republic.[4]
- Notre-Dame de la Garde built.
- 1252 - Town "taken by Charles of Anjou."[1]
- 1262 - Revolt against Angevins.
- 1348 - Bubonic plague outbreak.[5]
- 1365 - Abbey of St. Victor building constructed.[2]
- 1409 - Aix-Marseille University founded.
- 1423 - Sack of Marseille by the forces of Aragón, led by Alfonso V.[2]
- 1453 - Fortifications constructed.
- 1481 - Marseille united with Provence.
- 1486 - Marseille becomes part of France.[1]
- 1524 - Town besieged by forces of Francis I.[2]
- 1531 - Château d'If built.
- 1542 - Église Saint-Ferréol les Augustins (church) dedicated.
- 1593 - Hotel Dieu (hospital) founded.
- 1599 - Marseille Chamber of Commerce founded.[6]
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17th-18th centuries
- 1619 - Église Saint-Cannat (church) dedicated.
- 1640 - Maison du Refuge established.[7]
- 1649 - Plague.[4]
- 1660 - Failed anti-monarchist rebellion and the Siege of Marseille, followed by the Conquest of Marseille, King Louis XIV invades the city.[8][9]
- 1660 - As part of Louis XIV's conquest, Fort Saint-Jean and Fort Saint-Nicolas are constructed.[8][10][11]
- 1672 - Café in business.[12]
- 1673 - Hôtel de Ville built.[13]
- 1685 - The Opéra de Marseille is inaugurated.[14]
- 1702 - Marseille Observatory built.[15]
- 1720-21 - Great Plague of Marseille.[4][2]
- 1726 - Academy of Science established.[16]
- 1749 - Almshouse built.
- 1770 - City directory published.[17]
- 1778
- 1781 - Navette de Marseille created.
- 1787 - Grand-Théâtre opens.[18]
- 1789 - April: "Revolutionary commotions" occur.[4]
- 1790
- Marseille becomes part of the Bouches-du-Rhône souveraineté.[19]
- Jacobin Club founded.[20]
- 1793 - August: "Marseilles opposes the revolutionary government, and is reduced."[4]
- 1796 - Public library founded.[2]
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19th century
1800s–1840s
- 1800 - Population: 96,413.[19]
- 1801
- Canton of Marseille-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 created.[19]
- Musée des beaux-arts de Marseille founded.[21]
- 1802 - Lycée Thiers (school) and Jardin botanique E.M. Heckel (garden)[22] established.
- 1803
- Santon Fair begins.
- Cabinet of Natural History founded.[15]
- 1808 - 26 February: Birth of Honoré Daumier.
- 1810 - Société de médecine de Marseille established.[23]
- 1811 - Obelisk erected in the Place Castellane.
- 1819 - Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Marseille founded.
- 1820 - Population: 101,217.[24]
- 1827
- 1836 - Population: 148,597.[24]
- 1837 - Porte d'Aix (arch) inaugurated.
- 1846 - Journal de Marseille newspaper begins publication.[25]
- 1848
- Paris–Marseille railway begins operating.
- Gare de Marseille-Saint-Charles opens.
- 1849 - Canal de Marseille opens (97 miles long).[2]
1850s-1890s
- 1851
- Messageries Maritimes shipping company in business.[26]
- Population: 195,258.[19]
- 1852 - Prison Chave built on Boulevard Chave.[18]
- 1853 - La Joliette dock constructed.[2]
- 1854 - Jardin zoologique de Marseille (zoo) opens.
- 1855 - Phare de Sainte Marie built.
- 1856
- Population: 233,817.[24]
- Cimetière Saint-Pierre established.
- 1857 - Alcazar (Marseille) theatre opens.
- 1858
- Marseille–Ventimiglia railway begins initial operation.
- Palais du Pharo built.
- 1860
- Exchange built.[27]
- Race track in business.
- 1862 - Marseille Courthouse built.[27]
- 1863 - Great Synagogue of Marseille built.[28]
- 1864
- Rue de la République (Marseille) opens.[29]
- Notre-Dame de la Garde rebuilt.[27]
- 1865 - Société Marseillaise de Crédit (bank)[30] and Priory of St. Madeleine[citation needed] founded.
- 1866 - Population: 300,131.[31]
- 1868 - Le Petit Marseillais newspaper begins publication.[25]
- 1869 - Palais Longchamp completed.[27][2]
- 1872 - Business school established.
- 1876
- Le Petit Provençal newspaper begins publication.[25]
- Horse-drawn tram begins operating.
- 1877 - Société de géographie de Marseille established.[23]
- 1878 - Saint-Lazare Convent consecrated.
- 1881
- 1883 - Marseille coat of arms design adopted.
- 1884 - Marseille cholera epidemic.
- 1885 - Soleil du Midi newspaper begins publication.[25]
- 1891 - École d'ingénieurs de Marseille (school) founded.
- 1892 - Funicular of the Notre-Dame de la Garde church begins operating.
- 1893
- Marseille Cathedral consecrated.[4][2]
- Institut Colonial de Marseille founded.
- 1894 - Monument des Mobiles erected.(fr)[27]
- 1897 - Excursionnistes Marseillais (hiking club) formed.[32]
- 1899
- Olympique de Marseille soccer team formed.
- 2500th anniversary of founding of Marseille.[27]
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20th century
1900s-1940s
- 1901
- 1902 - "Strike of sailors."[4]
- 1903
- July: 1903 Tour de France cycling race passes through Marseille.
- September: Bubonic plague outbreak.[4]
- 1906
- Exposition coloniale de Marseille (1906) held.
- Population: 517,498.[2]
- 1909
- 1911 - Population: 550,619.[33]
- 1913 - Fountain installed in the Place Castellane.
- 1916 - Musée Cantini founded.[21]
- 1917 - Le Petit Nice restaurant in business.[34]
- 1919 - 13 November: Grand Théâtre burns down.(fr)
- 1922
- Marseille Provence Airport opens.
- Colonial exhibition held.
- 1923 - Monument aux héros et victimes de la mer erected.[35]
- 1924 - Opera House built.
- 1926 - Musée Grobet-Labadié opens.
- 1927 - Monument aux morts de l'Armée d'Orient et des terres lointaines erected.[36]
- 1931 - Population: 800,881.[19]
- 1933 - Film Studios Pagnol established.[37]
- 1934 - October 9: King Alexander I of Yugoslavia and Louis Barthou assassinated by Bulgarian terrorist Velicko Kerin.[38]
- 1936 - Population: 914,232.[19]
- 1937 - Stade Vélodrome opens.
- 1938
- 21 September: Marseille train robbery.
- 28 October: Marseille fire (1938).
- 1939 - Baumettes Prison built.
- 1940 - Bombing by German and Italian forces.
- 1941 - Combat (French Resistance) active.[39]
- 1942 - November: German occupation begins.
- 1943 - Old Port area evacuated and demolished.[40]
- 1944
- Bombing by Allied forces.
- August: Battle of Marseille; German occupation ends.
- La Marseillaise newspaper in publication.
- Gaston Defferre becomes mayor.
- 1946
- Arrondissements of Marseille created.
- Jean Cristofol becomes mayor.
- Population: 636,264.[19]
- 1947
- November: Labor unrest.[41]
- Michel Carlini becomes mayor.
1950s-1990s
- 1952 - Cité radieuse housing complex built.[5]
- 1953
- Gaston Defferre becomes mayor again (remains in office until 1986).[5]
- La Tourette housing complex built.
- 1955 - Affaire du Combinatie vendetta killings of the criminal Marseille milieu occur.
- 1958 - Marseille twinned with Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire; Antwerp, Belgium; Copenhagen, Denmark; Genoa, Italy; Haifa, Israel; and Hamburg, Germany.[42]
- 1960s - La Castellane neighborhood built.
- 1961 - Marseille twinned with Kobe, Japan.[42]
- 1962
- A50 autoroute opens.[43]
- Or Thora Synagogue established.
- Population: 778,071.[19]
- 1965 - March: Marseille municipal election, 1965 held.
- 1967 - Marseille Old Port Tunnel opens.[43]
- 1968
- A7 autoroute opens.[43]
- Marseille twinned with Dakar, Senegal.[42]
- Population: 889,029.[19]
- 1970 - University of Provence established.[44]
- 1972
- A55 autoroute opens.[43]
- Ballet National de Marseille founded.
- Marseille twinned with Odesa, Ukraine.[42]
- 1973 - 14 December: Algerian consulate bombed.[45]
- 1975
- 1977
- Marseille Metro Line 1 begins operating.[43]
- CMA CGM shipping company established.
- 1979 - Marseille-Cassis Classique Internationale footrace begins.
- 1981 - Rodéo (riot).
- 1982
- PLM Law effected.
- Marseille becomes part of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region.
- 1983
- SNCF TGV Sud-Est train begins operating.[43]
- Marseille History Museum opens.[39]
- 1984
- 1986
- March: Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur regional election, 1986 held.
- Robert Vigouroux becomes mayor.
- 1987
- Jardin de la Magalone becomes property of the city.
- Marseille twinned with Shanghai, China.[42]
- 1989 - Marseille Festival of Documentary Film begins.
- 1991 - La Commanderie opens.
- 1993 - Tunnel Prado-Carénage opens.[43]
- 1995
- June: Marseille municipal election, 1995 held.
- Jean-Claude Gaudin becomes mayor.[48]
- Centre de Recherche et de Documentation sur l'Océanie founded.
- Musée de la Faïence de Marseille opens.[49]
- 1997 - La Provence newspaper in publication.
- 1999 - Population: 795,518.[19]
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21st century
2000s
- 2001
- Parc du 26e Centenaire inaugurated.
- Municipal Archives of Marseille moves to the former Tobacco factory of Marseille.[50]
- 2004 - Marseille twinned with Marrakech, Morocco.[42]
- 2006
- École centrale de Marseille created.
- Marseille twinned with Glasgow, UK.[42]
- 2007
- Marseille tramway begins operating.
- Labor strike.[5]
- Construction of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor begins in Cadarache, in vicinity of Marseille.
- 2008 - Population: 851,420.
- 2009 - Collège Ibn Khaldoun opens.
2010s
- 2010
- March: Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur regional election, 2010 held.
- Garbage strike occurs.
- 2011
- Population: 850,636.
- 2012 - Place des Capucines pedestrianized.
- 2013
- Museum of European and Mediterranean Civilisations opens.
- City designated a European Capital of Culture.[51]
- 2014 - March: Marseille municipal election, 2014 held.
- 2015
- 9 February: Shooting occurs in La Castellane.
- September: Drug ring trial begins.[52]
- December: 2015 Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur regional election held.[53]
- Marseille tramway Line 3 begins operating.
- Cantons 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 created per 2014 France cantonal redistricting.
- 2016 - Metropolis of Aix-Marseille-Provence established.
- 2017 - Stabbing occurs in Saint Charles train station.
- 2018 - Two buildings collapse in the center of Marseille eight people are killed.
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See also
- History of Marseille
- Urban planning in Marseille
- List of mayors of Marseille
- List of mayors of Marseille sectors
- List of heritage sites in Marseille
- History of Provence region
- Timeline of Provence region
Other cities in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region:
- Timeline of Aix-en-Provence
- Timeline of Arles
- Timeline of Avignon
- Timeline of Nice
- Timeline of Toulon
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References
Bibliography
External links
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