Vanadyl perchlorate

Vanadyl perchlorate or vanadyl triperchlorate is a golden yellow coloured liquid or crystalline compound of vanadium, oxygen and perchlorate group. The substance consists of molecules covalently bound and is quite volatile; it ignites organic solvents on contact and explodes at temperatures above 80 °C.^[1]

Vanadyl perchlorate

Names
Other names tripercloratooxovanadium
Identifiers
CAS Number	67632-69-3 N
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
InChI InChI=1S/3ClHO4.O.V/c3*2-1(3,4)5;;/h3*(H,2,3,4,5);;/q;;;;+3/p-3 Key: XTDRROXTBUWEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-K
SMILES O=[V](OCl(=O)(=O)=O)(OCl(=O)(=O)=O)OCl(=O)(=O)=O
Properties
Chemical formula	VO(ClO4)3
Molar mass	356.29 g/mol
Appearance	golden yellow liquid or crystals.
Melting point	21-22 °C
Boiling point	33.5 °C in vacuum
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	oxidant
Related compounds
Related compounds	niobium perchlorate, vanadyl nitrate, chromyl perchlorate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Formation

Vanadyl perchlorate can be made by reacting vanadium pentoxide with dichlorine heptoxide at 5 °C. It is purified by distillation under a vacuum and recrystallisation at 21 °C.^[1]

A solution of vanadium(V) perchlorate can be made by dissolving vanadium pentoxide in perchloric acid.^[2]

The reaction of vanadium pentoxide and dichlorine hexoxide could produce VO(ClO₄)₃:^[3]

2 V₂O₅ + 12 Cl₂O₆ → 4 VO(ClO₄)₃ + 12 ClO₂ + 3 O₂

Properties

It can react with vanadium oxychloride to form another vanadyl perchlorate (VO₂ClO₄): ^[3]

4 VO(ClO₄)₃ + 2 VOCl₃ → 6 VO₂ClO₄ + 6 ClO₂ + 3 Cl₂ + 3 O₂

Related

Other perchlorates include pervanadyl perchlorate, also known as dioxovanadium perchlorate, which contains VO₂⁺ ions,^[4] vanadyl diperchlorate, oxovanadium perchlorate or vanadium(IV) perchlorate, and VO(ClO₄)₂, which dissolves in water.^[5][6] Vanadic perchlorate, also known as vanadium(III) perchlorate solution in water, is a green-tinged blue colour, significantly different to most other V(III) solutions, which are complexed.^[7]