Volitive modality
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Volitive modality (abbreviated VOL) is a linguistic modality that indicates the desires, wishes or fears of the speaker. It is classified as a subcategory of deontic modality.[1]
Realisation in speech
Summarize
Perspective
Volitive moods are a category of grammatical moods that are used to express volitive modality. Examples are the optative, desiderative and imprecative moods.[1] However, many languages (like English) have other ways to express volitive modality, for example modal verbs ("Wish that you were here!", "May he live forever!").
Esperanto
Esperanto has a volitive verb form that is formed by adding a -u to the verb stem and used to indicate that an action or state is desired, requested, ordered, or aimed for.[2] The verb form is formally called volitive,[3][4] but in practice, it can be seen as a broader deontic form, rather than a pure volitive form, since it is also used to express orders and commands besides wishes and desires.
Examples:
- Venu. ― "Come." (a request or command)
- Donu ĝin al mi. ― "Give it to me." (a request or command)
- Ni faru tion. ― "Let's do that." (a desire or aim)
- Mi iru dormi. ― "I ought to go to sleep." (expresses the desirability of the action)
- Via infano sukcesu en la vivo. ― "May your child be successful in life." (a wish or desire)
- Mi volas, ke vi helpu min. ― "I want you to help me." (a desire)
- Ŝi petas, ke mi silentu. ― "She asks that I be silent." (a request)
See also
References
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