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βαίνω
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Etymology
The present stem is from Proto-Hellenic *gʷəňňō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷm̥yéti, from zero-grade of *gʷem- + *-yéti.
Cognates include Old English cuman (English come), Latin veniō, and Sanskrit गच्छति (gacchati).
The aorist ἔβην (ébēn), as well as the other tense-forms whose stems do not contain ν (n), is from Proto-Hellenic *égʷēn, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂-.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /bǎi̯.nɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈbɛ.no/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈβɛ.no/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈve.no/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈve.no/
Verb
βαίνω • (baínō)
- (intransitive) to go, step, move on foot
- (transitive) to mount (a chariot)
- (intransitive) to depart, go away
- (euphemistic) to die
- perfect βέβηκα (bébēka): (intransitive) to stand, be somewhere
- future βήσω (bḗsō) and aorist ἔβησα (ébēsa): (causative) to make someone dismount
Inflection
Aorist: ἐβᾰ́θην
Aorist: ἐβάνθην
Perfect:
Pluperfect: ἐβεβήκειν / ἐβεβήκη, ἐβεβᾰ́μην
Derived terms
- ἀμφιβαίνω (amphibaínō)
- ἀναβαίνω (anabaínō)
- ἀντιβαίνω (antibaínō)
- ἀντιδιαβαίνω (antidiabaínō)
- ἀποβαίνω (apobaínō)
- -βασία (-basía)
- -βατέω (-batéō)
- -βάτης (-bátēs)
- -βάτις (-bátis)
- διαβαίνω (diabaínō)
- εἰσαναβαίνω (eisanabaínō)
- εἰσβαίνω (eisbaínō)
- εἰσκαταβαίνω (eiskatabaínō)
- ἐκβαίνω (ekbaínō)
- ἐκδιαβαίνω (ekdiabaínō)
- ἐμβαίνω (embaínō)
- ἐξαποβαίνω (exapobaínō)
- ἐπαναβαίνω (epanabaínō)
- ἐπεισβαίνω (epeisbaínō)
- ἐπεκβαίνω (epekbaínō)
- ἐπεμβαίνω (epembaínō)
- ἐπιβαίνω (epibaínō)
- ἐπιδιαβαίνω (epidiabaínō)
- ἐπικαταβαίνω (epikatabaínō)
- καταβαίνω (katabaínō)
- μεταβαίνω (metabaínō)
- μετεκβαίνω (metekbaínō)
- μετεμβαίνω (metembaínō)
- παραβαίνω (parabaínō)
- παρακαταβαίνω (parakatabaínō)
- παρεκβαίνω (parekbaínō)
- περιβαίνω (peribaínō)
- προαναβαίνω (proanabaínō)
- προβαίνω (probaínō)
- προδιαβαίνω (prodiabaínō)
- προεμβαίνω (proembaínō)
- προσαναβαίνω (prosanabaínō)
- προσβαίνω (prosbaínō)
- προσεμβαίνω (prosembaínō)
- προσκαταβαίνω (proskatabaínō)
- συγκαταβαίνω (sunkatabaínō)
- συμβαίνω (sumbaínō)
- συναναβαίνω (sunanabaínō)
- συναποβαίνω (sunapobaínō)
- συνδιαβαίνω (sundiabaínō)
- συνεισβαίνω (suneisbaínō)
- συνεκβαίνω (sunekbaínō)
- συνεμβαίνω (sunembaínō)
- συνεπιβαίνω (sunepibaínō)
- ὑπεξαναβαίνω (hupexanabaínō)
- ὑπερβαίνω (huperbaínō)
- ὑπερκαταβαίνω (huperkatabaínō)
- ὑποβαίνω (hupobaínō)
- ὑποκαταβαίνω (hupokatabaínō)
Related terms
Descendants
- → Greek: βαίνω (vaíno)
- ⇒ Translingual: Anopsibaena, Cephalobaena, Halobaena, Mesobaena, Tetrabaena, Thermosbaena
Further reading
- “βαίνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “βαίνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “βαίνω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- βαίνω in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- βαίνω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- βαίνω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
- “βαίνω”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
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Greek
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek βαίνω (baínō).
Pronunciation
Verb
βαίνω • (vaíno) found only in the imperfective tenses only active voice
- (formal) to develop, go on (used in set phrases)
- Η κρίση βαίνει προς εκτόνωση. ― I krísi vaínei pros ektónosi. ― The crisis is heading toward a détente.
- όλα βαίνουν καλώς ― óla vaínoun kalós ― all is well/everything is going well
Conjugation
βαίνω (active forms only imperfective)
| Active voice ➤ — Imperfective aspect ➤ | ||||
| Indicative mood ➤ | Present ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Future ➤ | |
| 1 sg | βαίνω | έβαινα | θα βαίνω | |
| 2 sg | βαίνεις | έβαινες | θα βαίνεις | |
| 3 sg | βαίνει | έβαινε | θα βαίνει | |
| 1 pl | βαίνουμε, [‑ομε] | βαίναμε | θα βαίνουμε, [‑ομε] | |
| 2 pl | βαίνετε | βαίνατε | θα βαίνετε | |
| 3 pl | βαίνουν(ε) | έβαιναν, βαίναν(ε) | θα βαίνουν(ε) | |
| Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present tense from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
| Imperative mood ➤ | 2 sg | 2 pl | ||
| Imperfective aspect | — | βαίνετε | ||
| Other forms | Present participle ➤ | |||
| βαίνοντας ➤ | ||||
| Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
• (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
Related terms
Suffixes
Compounds
- ανεβαίνω (anevaíno)
- ανεβοκατεβαίνω (anevokatevaíno, “to bob up and down”)
- αντιβαίνω (antivaíno, “to oppose”)
- αποβαίνω (apovaíno, “to prove to”)
- βγαίνω (vgaíno, “to exit”)
- διαβαίνω (diavaíno, “to traverse”)
- επεμβαίνω (epemvaíno, “to intervene”)
- επιβαίνω (epivaíno, “to embark, to get on”)
- επισυμβαίνει (episymvaínei, 3rd person)
- κατεβαίνω (katevaíno, “to descend”)
- μεταβαίνω (metavaíno, “to go to, to go over to”)
- μπαίνω (baíno, “to enter”)
- παραβαίνω (paravaíno, “to offend”)
- παρεκβαίνω (parekvaíno, “to digress”)
- παρεμβαίνω (paremvaíno, “to intervene”)
- περνοδιαβαίνω (pernodiavaíno, “to pass/repass”)
- προβαίνω (provaíno, “to advance”)
- συμβαίνω (symvaíno, “to take place, to happen”)
- υπερβαίνω (ypervaíno, “to overstep, to transgress”)
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