囂

See also: 嚣

囂 U+56C2, 囂 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-56C2 ← 囁 [U+56C1] CJK Unified Ideographs 囃 → [U+56C3]

Translingual

Han character

囂 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+18, 21 strokes, cangjie input 口口一金口 (RRMCR), four-corner 6666₈, composition ⿳吅頁吅 or ⿴㗊頁)

Derived characters

• 㺧, 䖀

Additional Derived Characters

• 𠑪, 𬬤, 𡆔

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 214, character 32
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4616
• Dae Jaweon: page 437, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 706, character 5
• Unihan data for U+56C2

Chinese

trad.		囂
simp.		嚣
alternative forms		嚻 𠽸

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 囂
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (囂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
囂	*ŋaːw, *hŋraw
虈	*hŋraw

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 㗊 (“four mouths; to clamor”) + 頁 (“head”) – a clamoring crowd.

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiāo (xiao¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hiu¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): ngò̤
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hieo¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hiau / hau

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ngao¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siao
    • Wade–Giles: hsiao¹
    • Yale: syāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
    • Palladius: сяо (sjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hiu¹
    • Yale: hīu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hiu¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hiu¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiːu̯⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ngò̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋo⁵³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hieo¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ha̤u
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hieu⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hieo¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hieu⁵⁴⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiau
    • Tâi-lô: hiau
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hiaw
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hiau³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hiau⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hau
    • Tâi-lô: hau
    • Phofsit Daibuun: haw
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hau⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hau³³/

Note:

• hiau - literary;
• hau - vernacular.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ngao¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngau
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋau³³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 囂
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕiau⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕiau⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕiɑu²¹/
	Jinan	/ɕiɔ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ɕiɔ⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/ɕiau²⁴/
	Xi'an	/ɕiau²¹/
	Xining	/ɕiɔ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕiɔ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/ɕiɔ³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ɕiɔ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/ɕiau⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/ɕiau⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/ɕiao⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/ɕiɔ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/siɔo³¹/
	Hefei	/ɕiɔ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕiau¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ɕiɔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕiɔ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɕiɔ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/ɕiæ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ɕiɔ³³/
	Wenzhou	/ɕiɛ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕiɔ³¹/
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕiau³³/
	Xiangtan	/ɕiaɯ³³/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/hiau⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/hiu⁵³/
	Nanning	/hiu⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/hiu⁵³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/hiau⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/hieu⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/siau⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/hiau³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/hiau²³/

---

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*hŋraw/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	囂
Reading #	2/2
No.	13681
Phonetic component	囂
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	嚻
Old Chinese	/*hŋraw/

Definitions

囂

1. to be loud; to be noisy; to clamor
2. arrogant

Compounds

• 任囂 / 任嚣
• 叫囂 / 叫嚣 (jiàoxiāo)
• 喧囂 (xuānxiāo)
• 囂俗 / 嚣俗
• 囂俳 / 嚣俳 (hiau-pai) (Min Nan)
• 囂囂 / 嚣嚣
• 囂塵 / 嚣尘
• 囂張 / 嚣张 (xiāozhāng)
• 囂浮 / 嚣浮
• 囂滓 / 嚣滓
• 囂然 / 嚣然
• 囂競 / 嚣竞
• 囂謗 / 嚣谤
• 囂雜 / 嚣杂
• 囂頭 / 嚣头
• 囂風 / 嚣风
• 囂鬧 / 嚣闹
• 塵囂 / 尘嚣 (chénxiāo)
• 它囂 / 它嚣
• 氣焰囂張 / 气焰嚣张
• 煩囂 / 烦嚣
• 煩囂喧鬧 / 烦嚣喧闹
• 甚囂塵上 / 甚嚣尘上 (shènxiāochénshàng)
• 紛囂 / 纷嚣
• 繁囂 / 繁嚣
• 者囂 / 者嚣
• 虛囂 / 虚嚣
• 調虛囂 / 调虚嚣
• 諠囂 / 喧嚣 (xuānxiāo)
• 謾罵叫囂 / 谩骂叫嚣
• 譁囂 / 哗嚣
• 隗囂 / 隗嚣

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): áo (ao²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄠˊ

• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gor²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: áo
    • Zhuyin: ㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: áo
    • Wade–Giles: ao²
    • Yale: áu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aur
    • Palladius: ао (ao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɑʊ̯³⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gor²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gó̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɒ¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gor²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɒ²⁴/

---

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ˤaw/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːw/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	囂
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	áo
Middle Chinese	‹ ngaw ›
Old Chinese	/*[ŋ]ˁaw/
English	clamor, many voices; arrogant
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	囂
Reading #	1/2
No.	13680
Phonetic component	囂
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ŋaːw/

Definitions

囂

1. (literary) alternative form of 隞 (Áo, “Ao (capital of the Shang Dynasty)”)

Compounds

• 囂囂 / 嚣嚣 (áoáo)
• 囂書 / 嚣书 (áoshū)
• 囂然 / 嚣然 (áorán)
• 囂藹 / 嚣蔼 (áoǎi)

References

• “囂”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “嚣”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 260.