娣

娣 U+5A23, 娣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5A23 ← 娢 [U+5A22] CJK Unified Ideographs 娤 → [U+5A24]

Translingual

Han character

娣 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 女金弓竹 (VCNH), four-corner 4842₇, composition ⿰女弟)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 263, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6329
• Dae Jaweon: page 529, character 25
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1053, character 14
• Unihan data for U+5A23

Chinese

trad.		娣
simp. #		娣

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (弟) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
梯	*tʰiːl
睇	*tʰiːl, *diːls
涕	*tʰiːlʔ, *tʰiːls
挮	*tʰiːlʔ
鬀	*tʰiːls, *diːls
剃	*tʰiːls
綈	*diːl
蕛	*diːl
稊	*diːl
苐	*diːl
鵜	*diːl
銻	*diːl
鮷	*diːl
罤	*diːl
弟	*diːlʔ, *diːls
娣	*diːlʔ, *diːls
悌	*diːlʔ, *diːls
第	*diːls

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *diːlʔ, *diːls): semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 弟 (OC *diːlʔ, *diːls, “young family member”).

Etymology

Same word as 弟 (OC *diːlʔ, *diːls, “younger brother”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dì (di⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dai⁶ / tai⁵ / tai⁶ / tai³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dì
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dì
    • Wade–Giles: ti⁴
    • Yale: dì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dih
    • Palladius: ди (di)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: dai⁶ / tai⁵ / tai⁶ / tai³
    • Yale: daih / táih / taih / tai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dai⁶ / tai⁵ / tai⁶ / tai³
    • Guangdong Romanization: dei⁶ / tei⁵ / tei⁶ / tei³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɐi̯²²/, /tʰɐi̯¹³/, /tʰɐi̯²²/, /tʰɐi̯³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: dejX, dejH

Rime
Character	娣	娣
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	IV
Fanqie	徒禮切	特計切
Baxter	dejX	dejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/deiX/	/deiH/
Pan Wuyun	/deiX/	/deiH/
Shao Rongfen	/dɛiX/	/dɛiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dɛjX/	/dɛjH/
Li Rong	/deiX/	/deiH/
Wang Li	/dieiX/	/dieiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱieiX/	/dʱieiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dì	dì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dai6	dai6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤəjʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*diːlʔ/, /*diːls/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	娣
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dì
Middle Chinese	‹ dejX ›
Old Chinese	/*lˁəjʔ/
English	younger secondary wife
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	娣	娣
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	2295	2302
Phonetic component	弟	弟
Rime group	脂	脂
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	弟	第
Old Chinese	/*diːlʔ/	/*diːls/

Definitions

娣

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) younger of two women married to a man; (in general) concubine of a man
2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) younger sister
3. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) wife of husband's younger brother
4. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) mother's younger sister
5. a surname
6. Used in female given name to symbolize parents' hope that she will have a younger brother.

   招娣  ―  Zhāodì  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   引娣  ―  Yǐndì  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Compounds

• 內娣 / 内娣
• 姒娣
• 娣姒
• 娣婦 / 娣妇

References

• “娣”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

娣

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. younger sister
2. sister-in-law

Readings

• On (unclassified): てい (tei)、だい (dai)
• Kun: いもうと (imōto)、おば (oba)

Korean

Hanja

娣 • (je) (hangeul 제, revised je, McCune–Reischauer che)

1. younger sister
2. sister-in-law

Vietnamese

Han character

娣: Hán Nôm readings: đệ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation