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第
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Translingual
Han character
第 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹弓中竹 (HNLH), four-corner 88227, composition ⿱𥫗𢎨)
Derived characters
- 𭊗, 𡠨, 𭞟, 𰜷, 𭧞, 𬄏, 𫦒
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 881, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25943
- Dae Jaweon: page 1308, character 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2959, character 9
- Unihan data for U+7B2C
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Chinese
Glyph origin
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *diːls): semantic 𥫗 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 弟 (OC *diːlʔ, *diːls). 竹 here refers to the bamboo strips used for writing (e.g. accounting, classification) in ancient times. See also 等.
Alternatively, may have originally been written 弟.
Etymology 1
Karlgren (1956: 14) connects this word with → tī 梯 ‘ladder’.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): di4
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): dī
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ди (di, III)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): dai6
- (Dongguan, Jyutping++): doi3
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): ai5
- Gan (Wiktionary): ti5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): di3
- Northern Min (KCR): dì
- Eastern Min (BUC): dâ̤
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): de5
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): dai6
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6di
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): di5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: dì
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dì
- Wade–Giles: ti4
- Yale: dì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dih
- Palladius: ди (di)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ti⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: di4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: di
- Sinological IPA (key): /ti²¹³/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: dī
- Sinological IPA (key): /ti⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ди (di, III)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ti⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: dai6
- Yale: daih
- Cantonese Pinyin: dai6
- Guangdong Romanization: dei6
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɐi̯²²/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: doi3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɔi³²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ai5
- Sinological IPA (key): /ai³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: ti5
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰi¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thi
- Hakka Romanization System: ti
- Hagfa Pinyim: ti4
- Sinological IPA: /tʰi⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: ti˖
- Sinological IPA: /tʰi³³/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: di3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ti⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dì
- Sinological IPA (key): /ti⁴²/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dâ̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɑ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: de5
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: dā̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /te¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: de5
- Sinological IPA (key): /te²¹/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: dai6
- Sinological IPA (key): /təi²²/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: di5
- Sinological IPA (key): /ti²¹/
- (Changsha)
- Middle Chinese: dejH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[l]ˤəjʔ-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*diːls/
Definitions
第
- sequence; number
- grade; degree
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) mansion; residence (of a high official)
- 裴封叔之第在光德里。 [Literary Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: c. 800, 柳宗元 (Liu Zongyuan), 《梓人傳》, translated by Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang
- Péi Fēngshū zhī dì zài Guāngdélǐ. [Pinyin]
- [My brother-in-law] Pei Fengshu lives in Guangde Lane.
- 晤謝曰:“處賤,無以拒也。”太尉曰:“然終不以在吾第。”以如司農治事堂,栖之梁木上。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: 814, 柳宗元 (Liu Zongyuan),《段太尉逸事狀》, translated by Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang
- Wù xiè yuē: “Chǔ jiàn, wúyǐ jù yě.” Tàiwèi yuē: “Rán zhōng bù yǐ zài wú dì.” Yǐ rú sīnóng zhìshì táng, qī zhī liángmù shàng. [Pinyin]
- “My rank was too low to refuse,” apologized Wei Wu. “Still, this must not remain in my house,” declared the marshal. He thus stowed the gift over a beam in his offce in the ministry of agriculture.
晤谢曰:“处贱,无以拒也。”太尉曰:“然终不以在吾第。”以如司农治事堂,栖之梁木上。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
- (historical) rank in imperial examinations
- (literary) only; just
- 嘉為檄召鄧通詣丞相府,不來,且斬通。通恐,入言文帝。文帝曰:「汝第往,吾今使人召若。」通至丞相府,免冠徒跣頓首謝。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- Jiā wéi xí zhào Dèng Tōng yì chéngxiàngfǔ, bùlái, qiě zhǎn Tōng. Tōng kǒng, rù yán Wéndì. Wéndì yuē: “Rǔ dì wǎng, wú jīn shǐ rén zhào ruò.” Tōng zhì chéngxiàng fǔ, miǎnguān túxiǎn dùnshǒu xiè. [Pinyin]
- [Shentu] Jia wrote out a despatch to summon Deng Tong to come to the chancellor's office; if he refuses to come, he would behead Tong forthwith. Tong was frightened and went in to tell Emperor Wen. Emperor Wen said, “You just go. I shall send someone now to summon you back.” When Tong reached the chancellor's office, he took off his cap, bared his feet, and struck his forehead on the ground to apologize.
嘉为檄召邓通诣丞相府,不来,且斩通。通恐,入言文帝。文帝曰:「汝第往,吾今使人召若。」通至丞相府,免冠徒跣顿首谢。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]- 江山之外,第見風帆沙鳥,煙雲竹樹而已。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: 999 Sept. 27, 王禹偁 (Wang Yucheng),《黃州新建小竹樓記》, translated by Luo Jingguo (罗经国)
- Jiāngshān zhīwài, dì jiàn fēngfān shāniǎo, yānyún zhúshù éryǐ. [Pinyin]
- Within my field of vision besides the mountains and the river, there are nothing but sailing boats, shorebirds, mists, clouds, and stands of bamboo.
江山之外,第见风帆沙鸟,烟云竹树而已。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
- (literary) but; however
- 第為上者不能察,使匹夫攘袂,群起以伸其憤。識者固知元政紊弛,而變興自下之漸矣。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: c. 1370, 高啟 (Gao Qi),《書博雞者事》
- Dì wéi shàng zhě bùnéng chá, shǐ pǐfū rǎngmèi, qúnqǐ yǐ shēn qí fèn. Shízhě gù zhī Yuán zhèng wěnchí, ér biàn xīng zì xià zhī jiàn yǐ. [Pinyin]
- Yet the government was also to blame for its failure to investigate the case, thus giving rise to disturbances among the common people who longed to vent their resentment. People of sense can perceive that the political proceedings in the Yuan Dynasty must be lax and disorderly and that the change [of dynasty] actually grew out of the symptoms at the bottom [of the society].
第为上者不能察,使匹夫攘袂,群起以伸其愤。识者固知元政紊弛,而变兴自下之渐矣。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]- 吾誠願與汝相守以死,第以今日事勢觀之,天災可以死,盜賊可以死,瓜分之日可以死,奸官汙吏虐民可以死,吾輩處今日之中國,國中無地無時不可以死。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: 1911 April, 林覺民 (Lin Juemin),《與妻書》, translated by Eva Hung
- Wú chéng yuàn yǔ rǔ xiāng shǒu yǐ sǐ, dì yǐ jīnrì shìshì guān zhī, tiānzāi kěyǐ sǐ, dàozéi kěyǐ sǐ, guāfēn zhī rì kěyǐ sǐ, jiānguān wūlì nüè mín kěyǐ sǐ, wúbèi chǔ jīnrì zhī Zhōngguó, guózhōng wúdìwúshí bùkěyǐ sǐ. [Pinyin]
- It is my fervent wish to live with you to a ripe old age. Yet if we look at the world today, death is a constant presence—natural disasters kill, so do thieves and robbers, so does the breaking up of the nation, so do corrupt officials who trample on commoners. We live in the China of today, a country where death pervades every corner and every moment.
吾诚愿与汝相守以死,第以今日事势观之,天灾可以死,盗贼可以死,瓜分之日可以死,奸官污吏虐民可以死,吾辈处今日之中国,国中无地无时不可以死。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
- Ordinal number marker, used before a number to make the number ordinal.
- a surname
Compounds
- 三元及第
- 上第 (shàngdì)
- 下第 (xiàdì)
- 不第 (bùdì)
- 伊凡第三
- 伊凡第四
- 別第 / 别第
- 劉蕡下第 / 刘𰱟下第
- 印第安人 (yìndì'ānrén)
- 及第 (jídì)
- 及第花
- 名第
- 品第 (pǐndì)
- 天下第一 (tiānxiàdìyī)
- 宅第 (zháidì)
- 寒第
- 居第
- 府第 (fǔdì)
- 得第
- 拜恩私第
- 擢第
- 昏第
- 書香門第 / 书香门第 (shūxiāngméndì)
- 次第 (cìdì)
- 治第
- 潭第
- 狀元及第 / 状元及第
- 甲第 (jiǎdì)
- 甲第星羅 / 甲第星罗
- 甲第連雲 / 甲第连云
- 登甲第
- 登第 (dēngdì)
- 私第 (sīdì)
- 科第
- 第一 (dì-yī)
- 第一人
- 第一人稱 / 第一人称 (dì-yī rénchēng)
- 第一個 / 第一个 (dì-yī gè)
- 第一名 (dìyīmíng)
- 第一國際 / 第一国际 (Dì-yī Guójì)
- 第一夫人 (dì-yī fūrén)
- 第一志願 / 第一志愿 (dì-yī zhìyuàn)
- 第一性徵 / 第一性征 (dì-yī xìngzhēng)
- 第一手 (dìyīshǒu)
- 第一把手 (dìyībǎshǒu)
- 第一次 (dì-yī cì)
- 第一步
- 第一波
- 第一流
- 第一火線 / 第一火线
- 第一炮
- 第一版
- 第一現場 / 第一现场 (dì-yī xiànchǎng)
- 第一眼
- 第一等
- 第一線 / 第一线 (dìyīxiàn)
- 第一義 / 第一义
- 第一要緊 / 第一要紧
- 第一遭
- 第一順位 / 第一顺位
- 第七艦隊 / 第七舰队
- 第三世界 (Dì-sān Shìjiè)
- 第三人稱 / 第三人称 (dì-sān rénchēng)
- 第三國際 / 第三国际 (Dì-Sān Guójì)
- 第三地
- 第三梯隊 / 第三梯队
- 第三者 (dìsānzhě)
- 第三醫學 / 第三医学
- 第九藝術 / 第九艺术
- 第二世界 (Dì-èr Shìjiè)
- 第二代
- 第二性徵 / 第二性征 (dì-èr xìngzhēng)
- 第二把手
- 第二春 (dì'èrchūn)
- 第二職業 / 第二职业
- 第二課堂 / 第二课堂
- 第五 (dì-wǔ)
- 第五縱隊 / 第五纵队 (dì-wǔzòngduì)
- 第八藝術 / 第八艺术
- 第六感 (dìliùgǎn)
- 第四世界
- 第四審 / 第四审
- 第四臺 / 第四台 (dìsìtái)
- 第宅
- 等第 (děngdì)
- 簪纓門第 / 簪缨门第
- 聯科及第 / 联科及第
- 落第 (luòdì)
- 角巾私第
- 諾曼第 / 诺曼第 (Nuòmàndì)
- 進士及第 / 进士及第 (jìnshì jídì)
- 邸第
- 鄂圖第一 / 鄂图第一
- 門第 / 门第 (méndì)
- 門第高 / 门第高
- 開第 / 开第
- 闔第光臨 / 阖第光临
- 陳第 / 陈第
- 高第
Etymology 2
Contraction of 第二 (dai6 ji6, “second”).
Pronunciation
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: dai6
- Yale: daih
- Cantonese Pinyin: dai6
- Guangdong Romanization: dei6
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɐi̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
第
Compounds
Etymology 3
Contraction of 第一 (tē-it, “first”).
Pronunciation
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): té
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: té
- Tâi-lô: té
- Phofsit Daibuun: dea
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /te⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
Definitions
第
- (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) most
Synonyms
Further reading
- “第”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
Etymology 4
Pronunciation
Definitions
第
Usage notes
This pronunciation was used in both Songjiang and urban Shanghai in the 19th Century, but is obsolete in all forms of modern Shanghainese, having been replaced by the glottalized variant 迭. The character 第 is still occasionally used to write the latter pronunciation.
Synonyms
Descendants
Others:
- → Khmer: ទី (tii)
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Japanese
Kanji
第
Readings
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Prefix
Compounds
Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 第 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 第, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 第 (MC dejH).
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean 똉〮 (Yale: ttyéy) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 뎨〯 (tyěy) (Yale: tyěy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕe̞(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [제(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
Compounds
References
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Vietnamese
Han character
Prefix
第
Derived terms
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