烝

See also: 丞

烝 U+70DD, 烝 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-70DD ← 烜 [U+70DC] CJK Unified Ideographs 烞 → [U+70DE]

Translingual

Han character

烝 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 弓水一火 (NEMF), four-corner 1733₁, composition ⿱丞灬)

Derived characters

• 𡏈, 𪳜, 𭵱, 𦞪, 𧪣, 𱆼, 𢾧, 蒸, 篜, 𤸲

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 671, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19019
• Dae Jaweon: page 1080, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2202, character 7
• Unihan data for U+70DD

Chinese

simp. and trad.		烝
alternative forms		㷥 𤇶 𩟘

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 烝
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (丞) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蒸	*kljɯŋ
烝	*kljɯŋ, *kljɯŋs
篜	*klɯŋ
脀	*kljɯŋ
拯	*kljɯŋʔ
氶	*kljɯŋʔ
承	*ɡljɯŋ
丞	*ɡljɯŋ, *ɡljɯŋs
巹	*klɯnʔ

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kljɯŋ, *kljɯŋs): phonetic 丞 (OC *ɡljɯŋ, *ɡljɯŋs, “to raise”) + semantic 灬 (“fire”).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tVŋ (“upper part; rise; raise”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhēng (zheng¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zing¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): cĭng
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): cheng

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jheng
    • Wade–Giles: chêng¹
    • Yale: jēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeng
    • Palladius: чжэн (čžɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
    • Jyutping: zing¹
    • Yale: jīng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzing¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: jing¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cĭng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng
    • Tâi-lô: tsing
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zefng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsying, tsyingH

Rime
Character	烝	烝
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	蒸 (133)	蒸 (133)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	煑仍切	諸應切
Baxter	tsying	tsyingH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨŋ/	/t͡ɕɨŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕɨŋ/	/t͡ɕɨŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕieŋ/	/t͡ɕieŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ciŋ/	/ciŋH/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiəŋ/	/t͡ɕiəŋH/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭəŋ/	/t͡ɕĭəŋH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯əŋ/	/t͡ɕi̯əŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhēng	zhèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zing1	zing3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*təŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kljɯŋ/, /*kljɯŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	烝
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhēng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsying ›
Old Chinese	/*təŋ/
English	to rise (of steam); steam (v.t.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	烝	烝
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	1407	1412
Phonetic component	丞	丞
Rime group	蒸	蒸
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	蒸	證
Old Chinese	/*kljɯŋ/	/*kljɯŋs/

Definitions

烝

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Original form of 蒸 (zhēng, “to steam”).
2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) many; numerous
3. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to offer (gifts, sacrifices, etc.)

Compounds

• 烝嘗 / 烝尝
• 烝民 (zhēngmín)
• 烝烝
• 烝禋
• 烝黎 (zhēnglí)
• 熏烝

References

• “烝”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B02384

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 烝

烝

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. many
2. offer
3. dedicate
4. to steam

Readings

• Go-on: しょう (shō)
• Kan-on: しょう (shō)
• Kan’yō-on: じょう (jō)
• Kun: むす (musu, 烝す)、もろもろ (moromoro)

Proper noun

烝(すすむ) • (Susumu) 

1. a male given name

Korean

Hanja

烝 • (jeung) (hangeul 증, revised jeung, McCune–Reischauer chŭng, Yale cung)

1. rise
2. steam
3. many, numerous

Vietnamese

Han character

烝: Hán Nôm readings: chưng

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