菽

菽 U+83FD, 菽 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83FD ← 菼 [U+83FC] CJK Unified Ideographs 菾 → [U+83FE]

Translingual

Han character

菽 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿卜火水 (TYFE), four-corner 4494₇, composition ⿱艹叔)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1040, character 14
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31241
• Dae Jaweon: page 1499, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3232, character 9
• Unihan data for U+83FD

Chinese

trad.		菽
simp. #		菽
alternative forms		尗 𦯂

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 菽
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (尗) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
椒	*ʔsliw
茮	*ʔsliw
踧	*l'ɯːwɢ, *ʔslɯwɢ
蔋	*l'ɯːwɢ
惄	*nɯːwɢ
戚	*sʰlɯːwɢ
慼	*sʰlɯːwɢ
鏚	*sʰlɯːwɢ
慽	*sʰlɯːwɢ
磩	*sʰlɯːwɢ
寂	*zlɯːwɢ
嘁	*ʔsluːb
墄	*sʰlɯːɡ
摵	*srɯːɡ, *ʔslɯwɢ, *srɯwɢ
督	*ʔl'uːwɢ
錖	*ʔl'uːwɢ
裻	*ʔl'uːwɢ, *sluːwɢ
傶	*ʔslɯːwɢ
蹙	*ʔslɯwɢ
槭	*ʔslɯwɢ
縬	*ʔslɯwɢ, *ʔsrɯwɢ
顣	*ʔslɯwɢ
敊	*l̥ʰɯwɢ
琡	*ʔljɯwɢ, *l̥ʰjɯwɢ
俶	*l̥ʰjɯwɢ
埱	*l̥ʰjɯwɢ
淑	*ɦljɯwɢ
婌	*ɦljɯwɢ
尗	*hljɯwɢ
叔	*hljɯwɢ
掓	*hljɯwɢ
菽	*hljɯwɢ
鮛	*hljɯwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hljɯwɢ): semantic 艹 (“grass”) + phonetic 叔 (OC *hljɯwɢ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nuk (“bean, eye”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with Proto-Lolo-Burmese *(s-)nok (“bean”) (whence Burmese ပဲနောက် (pai:nauk, “bean”), Lahu nɔ̂ʔ, etc.), Jingpho nòʔ.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shū, shú

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨ, ㄕㄨˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): suk¹ / suk⁶
• Eastern Min (BUC): sé̤ṳk
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): soeh⁶ / syoeh⁶
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): siok

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sog⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shū
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shu
    • Wade–Giles: shu¹
    • Yale: shū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shu
    • Palladius: шу (šu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shú
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shú
    • Wade–Giles: shu²
    • Yale: shú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shwu
    • Palladius: шу (šu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: suk¹ / suk⁶
    • Yale: sūk / suhk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: suk⁷ / suk⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sug¹ / sug⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sʊk̚⁵/, /sʊk̚²/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sé̤ṳk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /søyʔ²⁴/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: soeh⁶
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: se̤h
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬœʔ²¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: syoeh⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬyøʔ²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siok
    • Tâi-lô: siok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siog
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /siɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɔk̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sog⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sok
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sok̚²/

---

• Middle Chinese: syuwk

Rime
Character	菽
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	式竹切
Baxter	syuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕiuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕuwk̚/
Li Rong	/ɕiuk̚/
Wang Li	/ɕĭuk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɕi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	suk1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-t(ʰ)uk/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hljɯwɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	菽
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shū
Middle Chinese	‹ syuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*s-t(ʰ)uk/
English	pulse, beans
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	菽
Reading #	1/1
No.	11761
Phonetic component	尗
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	叔
Old Chinese	/*hljɯwɢ/
Notes	同尗

Definitions

菽

1. beans and peas collectively; pulse; legume

Compounds

• 不辨菽麥 / 不辨菽麦 (bùbiànshūmài)
• 半菽
• 半菽不飽 / 半菽不饱
• 啜菽飲水 / 啜菽饮水
• 巴菽
• 布帛菽粟 (bùbóshūsù)
• 歠菽飲水 / 歠菽饮水
• 禾菽
• 粱菽
• 芻菽 / 刍菽
• 茙菽
• 菽乳
• 菽水 (shúshuǐ)
• 菽水之歡 / 菽水之欢 (shúshuǐ zhī huān)
• 菽水之養 / 菽水之养 (shúshuǐ zhī yǎng)
• 菽水承歡 / 菽水承欢 (shúshuǐ chénghuān)
• 菽粟 (shūsù)
• 菽糜
• 菽麥 / 菽麦
• 菽麥不辨 / 菽麦不辨
• 采菽
• 飲水啜菽 / 饮水啜菽
• 飲水食菽 / 饮水食菽

References

• “菽”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “菽”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 212.

Japanese

Kanji

菽

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: しゅく (shuku)
• Kan-on: しゅく (shuku)
• Kun: まめ (mame, 菽)

Korean

Hanja

菽 • (suk) (hangeul 숙, revised suk, McCune–Reischauer suk, Yale swuk)

1. beans, peas (literary)

Compounds

1. 菽麥不辨 (숙맥불변) : unable to tell bean and barley shoots apart; ignorant of the ways of things
2. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.