薺

See also: 荠 and 萕

薺 U+85BA, 薺 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-85BA ← 薹 [U+85B9] CJK Unified Ideographs 薻 → [U+85BB]

Translingual

Traditional	薺
Shinjitai (extended)	萕
Simplified	荠

Han character

薺 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+14, 20 strokes, cangjie input 廿卜難 (TYX), four-corner 4422₃, composition ⿱艹齊)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1063, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32208
• Dae Jaweon: page 1527, character 34
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3315, character 11
• Unihan data for U+85BA

Chinese

trad.		薺
simp.		荠

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (齊) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
儕	*zriːl
麡	*zriːl, *ʔsliːl, *zliːl
齋	*ʔsriːl
穧	*ʔsleds, *ʔsliːls, *zliːls
擠	*ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls
躋	*ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls
齏	*ʔsliːl
齎	*ʔsliːl, *ʔslil
櫅	*ʔsliːl
齌	*ʔsliːl, *sʰliːl, *zliːls
隮	*ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls
賷	*ʔsliːl
虀	*ʔsliːl
濟	*ʔsliːlʔ, *ʔsliːls
癠	*ʔsliːlʔ, *zliːl, *zliːlʔ, *zliːls
霽	*ʔsliːls
齊	*zliːl, *zliːls
臍	*zliːl
蠐	*zliːl, *zlil
懠	*zliːl, *zliːls
薺	*zliːlʔ, *zlil
鱭	*zliːlʔ
嚌	*zliːls
劑	*zliːls, *ʔslel
齍	*ʔslil

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zliːlʔ, *zlil): semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 齊 (OC *zliːl, *zliːls).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jì (ji⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cai⁵
• Eastern Min (BUC): cī
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chē / ché
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zhi

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jì
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jì
    • Wade–Giles: chi⁴
    • Yale: jì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
    • Palladius: цзи (czi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cai⁵
    • Yale: cháih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsai⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: cei⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐi̯¹³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cī
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chē
    • Tâi-lô: tsē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ze
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡se²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡se³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ché
    • Tâi-lô: tsé
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zea
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡se⁵³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶zhi
    • MiniDict: zhi^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³xxi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ʑi²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzejX

Rime
Character	薺
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	徂禮切
Baxter	dzejX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zeiX/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zeiX/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zɛiX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zɛjX/
Li Rong	/d͡zeiX/
Wang Li	/d͡zieiX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/d͡zʱieiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zai6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*dzˤ[ə]jʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*zliːlʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	薺
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzejX ›
Old Chinese	/*dzˁ[ə]jʔ/
English	Capsella bursa-pastoris
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	薺
Reading #	1/2
No.	10058
Phonetic component	齊
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	薺
Old Chinese	/*zliːlʔ/

Definitions

薺

1. shepherd's purse

Compounds

• 庭薺 / 庭荠 (tíngjì)
• 甘之如薺 / 甘之如荠
• 甘心如薺 / 甘心如荠
• 薺苨 / 荠苨
• 薺菜 / 荠菜 (jìcài)
• 薺薴 / 荠苧

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qí (qi²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cai⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhì
• Jin (Wiktionary): qi³ / qi¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): sì
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chî / chê
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zhi
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zi⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qí
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cí
    • Wade–Giles: chʻi²
    • Yale: chí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyi
    • Palladius: ци (ci)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cai⁴
    • Yale: chàih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsai⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: cei⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐi̯²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhì
    • Hakka Romanization System: qi^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: qi²
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: qi³ / qi¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/, /t͡ɕʰi¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sì
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /si⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chî / chê
    • Tâi-lô: tsî / tsê
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cii, zee
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡si²⁴/, /t͡se²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡si²⁴/, /t͡se²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡si¹³/, /t͡se¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡si²⁴/, /t͡se²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡si²³/, /t͡se²³/

Note:

• chî - vernacular;
• chê - literary.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶zhi
    • MiniDict: zhi^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³xxi
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ʑi²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: zi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /t͡si⁴⁵/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡ɕi⁴⁵/

Definitions

薺

1. only used in 荸薺／荸荠 (bíqi) and its regional synonyms

Compounds

• 荸薺 / 荸荠
• 莓薺 / 莓荠
• 荸薺子 / 荸荠子
• 葧薺 / 葧荠 (bóqí)
• 馬薺 / 马荠

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cí (ci²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ci⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chîr

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cí
    • Zhuyin: ㄘˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cíh
    • Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ²
    • Yale: tsź
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyr
    • Palladius: цы (cy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ci⁴
    • Yale: chìh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsi⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: qi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiː²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chîr
    • Tâi-lô: tsîr
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzij

Rime
Character	薺
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	疾資切
Baxter	dzij
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ziɪ/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zi/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zjɪ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zi/
Li Rong	/d͡zi/
Wang Li	/d͡zi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/d͡zʱi/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ci4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*zlil/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	薺
Reading #	2/2
No.	10071
Phonetic component	齊
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	茨
Old Chinese	/*zlil/

Definitions

薺

1. alternative form of 茨 (cí, “Tribulus terrestris”)