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-else
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Danish
Etymology
From Old Danish -ilse, later -ælsæ, from Old Saxon -isli, -islo, from Proto-West Germanic *-islī. Also used to represent the Middle Low German suffix -nisse.
Pronunciation
Suffix
-else
- Added to a verb to form a noun for an action or process.
- afbryde (“interrupt”) + -else → afbrydelse (“interruption”)
- The result of, or something related to, such an action or process
Declension
(common gender)
(neuter gender)
Synonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- “-else” in Den Danske Ordbog
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Low German
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle Low German -else, from Old Saxon -isli, -islo; from Proto-West Germanic *-islī.
Pronunciation
Suffix
-else n
- Creating, from a verb, a noun which is created by the action of this verb (not necessarily one with which the verb is supposed to be done).
- Backelse (“pastry”): that which is baked (in a wider sense anything baked like bread and cakes) — from backen (“to bake”)
- Radelse (“riddle”): that which is guessed — from raden (“to guess”); compare German Rätsel, Dutch raadsel, Old English rǣdelse
- Riemelse (“rhyme”): that which is rhymed — from riemen (“to rhyme”)
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Middle Low German
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old Saxon -isli, from Proto-West Germanic *-islī.
Pronunciation
Suffix
-else n (usually)
- Creating a noun from a verb, denoting something on which the verb is performed.
- backen (“to bake”) + -else → backelse n (“a baked good”, literally “that which is created by baking”)
- Creating a noun from a verb, denoting an object which is used to perform the verb.
- decken (“to cover”) + -else → deckelse n (“a cover, a roof, a wrapping”, literally “that which is used to cover”)
Descendants
- Plautdietsch: -sel
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
Mostly from Danish -else, from Old Danish -ælsæ -ilse, with metathesis of -sl- to -ls- from Old Saxon -isli, -islo.
Also from West Germanic loanwords, partly with metathesis of suffixes -sel and -sle from Middle Low German -nisse, from Old Saxon -nissi, from Proto-West Germanic *-nassī (forms abstract nouns), from *-nass, from Proto-Germanic *-inassuz + *-ī, from Proto-Germanic *-į̄, from Proto-Indo-European *-i-h₂, from *-h₂ (creates collective nouns).
Pronunciation
Suffix
-else m or n (definite singular neuter -elset, definite singular masculine -elsen, indefinite plural -elser, definite plural -elsene or -elsa)
- Used to form verbal nouns denoting an action.
- avgjørelse, forståelse, anfektelse, bebudelse, oppstandelse ― decision, understanding, challenge, proclamation, resurrection
- Used to form verbal nouns synonymous with the -ing ending.
- drøftelse, oversettelse, tilretteleggelse, utdannelse ― discussion, translation, facilitation, education
- Used to form verbal nouns denoting a different meaning than the -ing ending.
- forbindelse, lignelse ― connection, parable
- Used to form verbal nouns with a specific meaning, usually the result of an action
- skrivelse, spøkelse, stivelse ― writing, ghost, starch
Derived terms
See also
References
Anagrams
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Old English
Alternative forms
Etymology
A metathetic form of Proto-West Germanic *-islī.
Pronunciation
Suffix
-else f
- (feminine suffix for inanimate objects) suffix creating nouns from verbs
- rǣdelse ― counsel, advice, riddle, enigma
- myrrelse, mierrelse ― an offense, scandal; stumblingblock
Declension
Weak n-stem:
Synonyms
Derived terms
- Category Old English terms suffixed with -else not found
Descendants
- English: -le
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Swedish
Etymology
From Old Saxon -isli, -islo, from Proto-West Germanic *-islī. Also used to represent the Middle Low German suffix -nisse.
Suffix
-else c
Declension
Derived terms
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