-ta-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ta"

Kikuyu

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ta/

Particle

-ta-

1. (with a class prefix and a verb) without ...ing

   kĩiniĩ gĩtaita ― something upside down without leaking

   Mũndũ ũtathiaga oigaga no nyina ũrugaga wega. ― One who does not travel says only his mother is a good cook.

Further reading

• “-ta-” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 423. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Swahili

Etymology

From -taka (“to want”). Doublet of -taka-.

Pronunciation

• (Unguja standard) IPA^(key): /tɑ/
• (Kimvita) IPA^(key): /t̪ɑ/

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

In Kimvita, the pronunciation becomes /t̪ʰɑ/ when preceded by n-.

Infix

-ta-

1. will, positive and negative future tense marker

   Near-synonym: -taka- (“relative positive future tense marker”)

   watakwenda ― they will go

   sitakisoma ― I will not read it

Conjugation

Conjugation of -ta- (positive)

		singular	plural
1st person		nita-	tuta-
2nd person		uta-	mta-
3rd person	m-wa(I/II)	ata-	wata-
	m-mi(III/IV)	uta-	ita-
	ji-ma(V/VI)	lita-	yata-
	ki-vi(VII/VIII)	kita-	vita-
	n(IX/X)	ita-	zita-
	u(XI)	uta-	see n(X) or ma(VI)
	ku(XV/XVII)	kuta-
	pa(XVI)	pata-
	mu(XVIII)	mta-

For more information, see Appendix:Swahili verbs.

Conjugation of -ta- (negative)

		singular	plural
1st person		sita-	hatuta-
2nd person		huta-	hamta-
3rd person	m-wa(I/II)	hata-	hawata-
	m-mi(III/IV)	hauta-	haita-
	ji-ma(V/VI)	halita-	hayata-
	ki-vi(VII/VIII)	hakita-	havita-
	n(IX/X)	haita-	hazita-
	u(XI)	hauta-	see n(X) or ma(VI)
	ku(XV/XVII)	hakuta-
	pa(XVI)	hapata-
	mu(XVIII)	hamta-

For more information, see Appendix:Swahili verbs.

See also

Swahili TAM markers

• Initial
  • Positive infinitive: ku-/kw-¹
  • Negative infinitive: kuto-
  • Habitual: hu-¹
  • Telegrammic: ka-¹
• Final
  • General (positive indicative): -a
  • Positive subjunctive: -e
  • Negative present: -i
  • Second person plural: -ni
• Infix position positive subject concord
  • Positive past: -li-
  • Positive present: -na-
  • Positive future: -ta-
  • Negative subjunctive: -si-¹
  • Positive present conditional: -nge-
  • Negative present conditional: -singe-
  • Positive past conditional: -ngali-
  • Negative past conditional: -singali-
  • Gnomic: -a-¹
  • Perfect: -me-
  • "Already" past: -lisha-
  • "Already" present: -mesha-/-sha-
  • "If/When": -ki-¹
  • "If not": -sipo-
  • Consecutive: -ka-¹
• Infix position negative subject concord
  • Negative past: -ku-¹
  • Negative future: -ta-
  • "Not yet": -ja-¹
  • Negative present conditional: -nge-
  • Negative past conditional: -ngali-
• Relative
  • Past: -li-
  • Present: -na-
  • Future: -taka-
  • Negative: -si-

¹ Can take stress and therefore does not require -ku-/-kw- in monosyllabic verbs.