abocar

Asturian

Alternative forms

• aboucar

Verb

abocar (first-person singular indicative present aboco, past participle abocáu)

1. to confront (someone)

   Synonym: engarriar

2. to throw up

   Synonym: vomitar

3. to get injured in the head

   Synonym: ferir

4. to astonish, to astound

   Synonym: plasmar

Conjugation

Conjugation of abocar

infinitive		abocar
gerund		abocando
past participle		m abocáu, f abocada, n abocao, m pl abocaos, f pl abocaes
person		first singular yo	second singular tu	third singular él/elli	first plural nosotros/nós	second plural vosotros/vós	third plural ellos
indicative	present	aboco	aboces	aboca	abocamos	abocáis	abocen
	imperfect	abocaba	abocabes	abocaba	abocábemos, abocábamos	abocabeis, abocabais	abocaben
	preterite	abocé	abocasti, abocesti	abocó	abocemos	abocastis, abocestis	abocaron
	pluperfect	abocare, abocara	abocares, abocaras	abocare, abocara	abocáremos, abocáramos	abocareis, abocarais	abocaren, abocaran
	future	abocaré	abocarás	abocará	abocaremos	abocaréis	abocarán
	conditional	abocaría	abocaríes	abocaría	abocaríemos, abocaríamos	abocaríeis, abocaríais	abocaríen
subjunctive	present	aboce	aboces, abocas	aboce	abocemos	abocéis	abocen, abocan
	imperfect	abocare, abocara	abocares, abocaras	abocare, abocara	abocáremos, abocáramos	abocareis, abocarais	abocaren, abocaran
imperative		—	aboca	—	—	abocái	—

Catalan

Etymology

From a- +‎ boca (“mouth”) +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ə.βuˈka]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ə.boˈka]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [a.boˈkaɾ]

• Audio (Catalonia):

  (file)

Verb

abocar (first-person singular present aboco, first-person singular preterite aboquí, past participle abocat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /o/

1. (transitive) to join by the mouth
2. (transitive) to pour, to decant
3. (transitive) to pour out, to empty
4. (benefactive, pronominal) to pour for oneself

   S'abocà cafè i es begué d'un glop la tassa.

   She poured herself coffee and drank the cup in one swallow.

5. (reflexive) to empty (out)

   El Duero s'aboca a l'oceà. ― The Duero empties into the ocean.

   La ciutat s'anava omplint de tardor i lentament s'abocava a l'hivern.

   The city would be filling up in the fall and slowly empty out in winter.

6. (pronominal) to swarm, to gather

   Tot el poble s'aboca a participar en el festival.

   The whole village gathers to participate in the festival.

7. (pronominal) to abandon oneself, to indulge oneself [with a ‘to’]

   Synonym: lliurar-se

Conjugation

    Conjugation of abocar (first conjugation, c-qu alternation)

infinitive			abocar
gerund			abocant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		abocat		abocada
		plural		abocats		abocades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	aboco	aboques	aboca	aboquem	aboqueu	aboquen
	imperfect	abocava	abocaves	abocava	abocàvem	abocàveu	abocaven
	future	abocaré	abocaràs	abocarà	abocarem	abocareu	abocaran
	preterite	aboquí	abocares	abocà	abocàrem	abocàreu	abocaren
	conditional	abocaria	abocaries	abocaria	abocaríem	abocaríeu	abocarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	aboqui	aboquis	aboqui	aboquem	aboqueu	aboquin
	imperfect	aboqués	aboquessis	aboqués	aboquéssim	aboquéssiu	aboquessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	aboca	aboqui	aboquem	aboqueu	aboquin
	negative (no)	—	no aboquis	no aboqui	no aboquem	no aboqueu	no aboquin

Derived terms

• abocador
• abocament

Further reading

• “abocar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• “abocar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
• “abocar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “abocar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Occitan

Etymology

a- +‎ boca +‎ -ar

Pronunciation

• Audio (Languedoc):

  (file)

Verb

abocar

1. to pour (a liquid)

Conjugation

    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		abocar			aver abocat
gerund		abocant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		abocat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	aboqui	abocas	aboca	abocam	abocatz	abocan
	imperfect	abocavi	abocavas	abocava	abocàvem	abocàvetz	abocavan
	preterite	aboquèri	aboquères	aboquèt	aboquèrem	aboquèretz	aboquèron
	future	abocarai	abocaràs	abocarà	abocarem	abocaretz	abocaràn
	conditional	abocariái	abocariás	abocariá	abocariam	abocariatz	abocarián
	conditional 2nd form1	aboquèra	aboquèras	aboquèra	aboqueram	aboqueratz	aboquèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	aboque	aboques	aboque	aboquem	aboquetz	aboquen
	imperfect	aboquèssi	aboquèsses	aboquèsse	aboquèssem	aboquèssetz	aboquèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			aboca		aboquem	abocatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Auvernhàs

		simple			compound
infinitive		abocar			aver abocat
gerund		abocant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		abocat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	aboque	aboques	aboca	abocam	abocatz	abocon
	imperfect	abocave	abocaves	abocava	abocaviam	abocaviatz	abocavon
	preterite	aboquere	aboqueres	aboquet	aboquem	aboquetz	aboqueron
	future	abocarai	abocaràs	abocará	abocarem	abocaretz	abocarán
	conditional	abocariá	abocariás	abocariá	abocariam	abocariatz	abocarián
	conditional 2nd form1	aboquèra	aboquèras	aboquèra	aboqueram	aboqueratz	aboquèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	aboque	aboques	aboque	abocassiam	abocassiatz	abocon
	imperfect	aboquesse	aboquesses	aboquesse	aboquessiam	aboquessiatz	aboquesson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			aboca		abocassiam	abocatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Gascon

		simple			compound
infinitive		abocar			aver abocat
gerund		abocant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		abocat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	aboqui	abocas	aboca	abocam	abocatz	abocan
	imperfect	abocavi	abocavas	abocava	abocàvam	abocàvatz	abocavan
	preterite	aboquèi	aboquès	aboquè	aboquèm	aboquètz	aboquèn
	future	abocarèi	abocaràs	abocarà	abocaram	abocaratz	abocaràn
	conditional	abocarí	abocarés	abocaré	abocarem	abocaretz	abocarén
	conditional 2nd form1	aboquèra	aboquèras	aboquèra	aboqueram	aboqueratz	aboquèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	aboqui	aboques	aboque	aboquem	aboquetz	aboquen
	imperfect	aboquèssi	aboquèsses	aboquèsse	aboquèssem	aboquèssetz	aboquèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			aboca		aboquem	abocatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Lemosin

		simple			compound
infinitive		abocar			aver abocat
gerund		abocant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		abocat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	aboque	abocas	aboca	abocam	abocatz	abocan
	imperfect	abocava	abocavas	abocava	abocàvam	abocàvatz	abocavan
	preterite	aboquei	aboqueras	aboquet	aboquèram	aboquèratz	aboqueran
	future	abocarai	abocaràs	abocará	abocarem	abocaretz	abocarán
	conditional	abocariá	abocariàs	abocariá	abocariam	abocariatz	abocarián
	conditional 2nd form1	aboquèra	aboquèras	aboquèra	aboqueram	aboqueratz	aboquèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	aboque	aboques	aboque	aboquem	aboquetz	aboquen
	imperfect	aboquèsse	aboquèsses	aboquèsse	aboquèssem	aboquèssetz	aboquèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			aboca		aboquem	abocatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Provençau

		simple			compound
infinitive		abocar			aver abocat
gerund		abocant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		abocat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	aboque	aboques	aboca	abocam	abocatz	abocan
	imperfect	abocavi	abocavas	abocava	abocàvem	abocàvetz	abocavan
	preterite	aboquère	aboquères	aboquèt	aboqueriam	aboqueriatz	aboquèron
	future	abocarai	abocaràs	abocarà	abocarem	abocaretz	abocaràn
	conditional	abocariáu	abocariás	abocariá	abocariam	abocariatz	abocarián
	conditional 2nd form1	aboquèra	aboquèras	aboquèra	aboqueram	aboqueratz	aboquèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	aboque	aboques	aboque	aboquem	aboquetz	abocan
	imperfect	aboquèsse	aboquèsses	aboquèsse	aboquessiam	aboquessiatz	aboquèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			aboca		aboquem	abocatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Spanish

Etymology

From a- +‎ boca +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aboˈkaɾ/ [a.β̞oˈkaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: a‧bo‧car
• Homophone: avocar

Verb

abocar (first-person singular present aboco, first-person singular preterite aboqué, past participle abocado)

1. (transitive) to pour from one container to another
2. (transitive, dated) to seize or grab with the mouth

Conjugation

    Conjugation of abocar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			abocar
gerund			abocando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		abocado		abocada
		plural		abocados		abocadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	aboco	abocastú abocásvos	aboca	abocamos	abocáis	abocan
	imperfect	abocaba	abocabas	abocaba	abocábamos	abocabais	abocaban
	preterite	aboqué	abocaste	abocó	abocamos	abocasteis	abocaron
	future	abocaré	abocarás	abocará	abocaremos	abocaréis	abocarán
	conditional	abocaría	abocarías	abocaría	abocaríamos	abocaríais	abocarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	aboque	aboquestú aboquésvos2	aboque	aboquemos	aboquéis	aboquen
	imperfect (ra)	abocara	abocaras	abocara	abocáramos	abocarais	abocaran
	imperfect (se)	abocase	abocases	abocase	abocásemos	abocaseis	abocasen
	future1	abocare	abocares	abocare	abocáremos	abocareis	abocaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		abocatú abocávos	aboque	aboquemos	abocad	aboquen
	negative		no aboques	no aboque	no aboquemos	no aboquéis	no aboquen

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of abocar (c-qu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive abocar	dative	abocarme	abocarte	abocarle, abocarse	abocarnos	abocaros	abocarles, abocarse
	accusative	abocarme	abocarte	abocarlo, abocarla, abocarse	abocarnos	abocaros	abocarlos, abocarlas, abocarse
with gerund abocando	dative	abocándome	abocándote	abocándole, abocándose	abocándonos	abocándoos	abocándoles, abocándose
	accusative	abocándome	abocándote	abocándolo, abocándola, abocándose	abocándonos	abocándoos	abocándolos, abocándolas, abocándose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative aboca	dative	abócame	abócate	abócale	abócanos	not used	abócales
	accusative	abócame	abócate	abócalo, abócala	abócanos	not used	abócalos, abócalas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative abocá	dative	abocame	abocate	abocale	abocanos	not used	abocales
	accusative	abocame	abocate	abocalo, abocala	abocanos	not used	abocalos, abocalas
with formal second-person singular imperative aboque	dative	abóqueme	not used	abóquele, abóquese	abóquenos	not used	abóqueles
	accusative	abóqueme	not used	abóquelo, abóquela, abóquese	abóquenos	not used	abóquelos, abóquelas
with first-person plural imperative aboquemos	dative	not used	aboquémoste	aboquémosle	aboquémonos	aboquémoos	aboquémosles
	accusative	not used	aboquémoste	aboquémoslo, aboquémosla	aboquémonos	aboquémoos	aboquémoslos, aboquémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative abocad	dative	abocadme	not used	abocadle	abocadnos	abocaos	abocadles
	accusative	abocadme	not used	abocadlo, abocadla	abocadnos	abocaos	abocadlos, abocadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative aboquen	dative	abóquenme	not used	abóquenle	abóquennos	not used	abóquenles, abóquense
	accusative	abóquenme	not used	abóquenlo, abóquenla	abóquennos	not used	abóquenlos, abóquenlas, abóquense

Further reading

• “abocar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024