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-ar

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "ar"

Languages (28)

Abau • Albanian • Aromanian • Azerbaijani • Basque • Catalan • Franco-Provençal • Galician • German • Ido • Interlingua • Latin • Middle English • Ngarrindjeri • Norwegian Nynorsk • Occitan • Old Galician-Portuguese • Old Norse • Polish • Portuguese • Romanian • Serbo-Croatian • Slovene • Spanish • Swedish • Turkish • Welsh

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English

Etymology 1

From Latin -āris (“of, pertaining to”). Distant doublet of -al.

Suffix

-ar

Of, near, or pertaining to; adjective suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form. Often added to words of Latin origin, but used with other words also.
Synonyms: -al, -an, -ary, -ese, -ic, -id, -ish, -like, -oid, -ory, -ous, -y

‎alveolus + ‎-ar → ‎alveolar

‎lobe + ‎-ar → ‎lobar

Usage notes

See usage notes at -al.

Derived terms

English terms suffixed with -ar (adjective)

antimicrotubular

capitulotubercular

enterovesicular

intertubercular

Translations

of, near, or pertaining to

Arabic: ـِيّ (ar) (-iyy)
Hungarian: -áris
Portuguese: -ar (pt)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Middle English -ar, -er, -arie, from Latin -ārius and Old French -aire. Doublet of -ary, -eer, -yer, and -ier.

Suffix

-ar

(nonproductive) Ending of some agent nouns inherited from Middle English borrowed from Old French or Medieval Latin

Derived terms

English terms suffixed with -ar (agent noun)

Etymology 3

From Middle English -ar, -are, variant of Middle English -ere, from Old English -ere. More at -er.

Suffix

-ar

(nonproductive) Ending of some agent nouns inherited from Middle English.
beggar, liar, pedlar

Etymology 4

Clipping of star; modelled after the earlier coinages pulsar and quasar.

Suffix

-ar

(astronomy) Used to form names of star types.

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

English terms suffixed with -ar (astronomy)

Anagrams

'RA, 'Ra, ra, RA, Ra

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Abau

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ar/

Suffix

-ar

(intensifier) very; real

References

SIL International (2020), “Abau Dictionary”, in Webonary.org‎

Albanian

Suffix

-ar

a suffix appended to words to create an agent noun, much like English -er/-or

Derived terms

Aromanian

Alternative forms

-aru, -ariu

Etymology

From Latin -ārius, -ārium. Compare Daco-Romanian -ar.

Suffix

-ar m

suffix used to denote a profession or craft

Derived terms

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Azerbaijani

Suffix

More information preceding vowel, a / ı / o / u ...

-ar

Postconsonantal form of -ər after the vowels A / I / O / U.

Basque

Etymology 1

Suffix

-ar

alternative form of -tar (demonym-forming suffix)

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From ar (“male”).

Suffix

-ar

male (animals)
‎katu (“cat”) + ‎-ar → ‎katar (“tomcat”)

Etymology 3

Suffix

-ar

[with verbal noun] about to
Itxaron, bukatzear nago. ― Wait, I'll finish in a moment.

Further reading

“-ar” in Labayru Hiztegia

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Catalan

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin -āris (“of, pertaining to”).

Pronunciation

(adjective)

IPA^(key): (Central) [ˈar]

IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ˈa]

IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈaɾ]

(noun)

IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈa]

IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈaɾ]

Suffix

-ar m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -ars)

-ar; forms adjectives of one form indicating that the noun that is modified by the adjective is pertaining to the root word used to form the adjective

Suffix

-ar m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ars)

forms nouns indicating where a given crop is grown
‎taronger (“orange tree”) + ‎-ar → ‎tarongerar (“orange grove”)
forms nouns indicating where something is usually found
‎canyís (“common reed”) + ‎-ar → ‎canyissar (“reed bed”)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin -āre (first conjugation present active infinitive). The endings of the first and second person plurals come from the Latin second conjugation (1P -em < Lat. -ēmus with loss of the final -us, 2P -eu < Lat. -ētis with loss of the final S); older versions of Catalan had -am (from Latin -āmus with loss of the final -us; the expected ending would be *-amos or *-ames) as the first person plural, and -au (from Latin -ātis with loss of the final S; the expected ending would be *-aus or *-ats) as the second person plural. The third person plural ending -en replaced -ānt due to the stress being pulled to the end in -an, while the second person singular ending -es was affected by natural sound development.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈa]

IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈaɾ]

Suffix

-ar (verb-forming suffix, first-person singular present -o, first-person singular preterite -í, past participle -at)

forms first conjugation verbs indicating an action related to the root word
‎col·lecció (“collection”) + ‎-ar → ‎col·leccionar (“to collect”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -ar (first conjugation)

More information infinitive, gerund ...

In older versions of Catalan, the second person endings for the preterite were -ast in the singular and -às in the plural.

Derived terms

Catalan terms suffixed with -ar

Further reading

“-ar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
“-ar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.

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Franco-Provençal

Etymology

Inherited from Latin -āre.

Suffix

-ar (ORB, broad)

Forms first-conjugation verbs.

Derived terms

Franco-Provençal terms suffixed with -ar

Galician

Etymology 1

From Latin -āris (“of, pertaining to”).

Suffix

-ar m or f (adjective-forming suffix, plural -ares)

-ar; forms relational adjectives from nouns
‎molécula (“molecule”) + ‎-ar → ‎molecular (“molecular”)

Etymology 2

From Latin -āre.

Suffix

-ar (verb-forming suffix, first-person singular present -o, first-person singular preterite -ei, past participle -ado)

forms first conjugation verbs indicating an action related to the root word
‎fragmento (“fragment”) + ‎-ar → ‎fragmentar (“to fragment”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -ar

More information Singular, Plural ...

Derived terms

Galician terms suffixed with -ar

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German

Etymology

From Latin -arius. Doublet of -er and -är.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈaːr/, [ˈaː(ɐ̯)], [ˈaːʁ]
Audio (Germany (Berlin)): (file)

Suffix

-ar

-ary
‎Mission + ‎-ar → ‎Missionar

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from French -er, Italian -are, Spanish -ar, from Latin -āre.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈar/

Suffix

-ar

This ending denotes the present infinitive form of a verb.
Me volas komprar ca objekto. ― I want to buy this thing.

Derived terms

Related terms

-ir (past infinitive tense)
-or (future infinitive tense)

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Interlingua

Suffix

-ar

Added to a noun root word, this forms a verb meaning to apply or make use of the root.
Added to an adjectival root word, this forms a verb meaning to render/make (adjective) the object of the verb.

See also

Latin

Alternative forms

-āre
-al (when not containing /l/)

Etymology

From the recurrent substantivation of apocopated adjectives in -āre, the nominative neuter singular ending of -āris, a dissimilated variant of -ālis. Compare the nominal suffixes -ārium, -ium and -cum (among others), all derived from the neuter stem of adjective-forming suffixes.

Suffix

-ar n (genitive -āris); third declension

noun-forming suffix

Usage notes

Only appears attached to bases that contain /l/: other bases get the suffix -al instead. Although the suffix -ārium n is etymologically distinct, a number of nouns show variation between the two endings, likely facilitated by the fact that they share the same form (-āria) in the nominative/accusative plural.

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, pure i-stem).

More information singular, plural ...

Derived terms

Latin terms suffixed with -ar

Middle English

Suffix

-ar

alternative form of -ere (agentive suffix)

Ngarrindjeri

Suffix

-ar

Suffix meaning many and used to denote a plural.
‎mimini (“woman”) + ‎-ar → ‎miminar (“women”)

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ar/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse -ar, the nominative plural ending for masculine a-stem and feminine ō-stem nouns.

Suffix

-ar m or f

Used to form regular indefinite plurals of most masculine nouns.
‎gut (“boy”) + ‎-ar → ‎gutar (“boys”)
Used to form regular indefinite plurals of some feminine nouns.
‎gjerning (“act”) + ‎-ar → ‎gjerningar (“acts”)

See also

-ane
-en

Etymology 2

From Old Norse -ar, the genitive singular ending for strong feminine nouns and masculine i- and u-stem nouns.

Alternative forms

-a

Interfix

-ar m or f

Used to form indefinite genitive singulars of strong feminine nouns and some strong masculine nouns, used in frozen expressions.
Ein fredar mann. ― A peaceful man/person.

Etymology 3

From Old Norse -ari.

Alternative forms

-ari, -are, -ær (dialectal)

Suffix

-ar m

Used to form nouns from verbs, a person who performs the action of the verb.
Ein som lever av å baka, er ein bakar. ― One who makes his living baking is a baker.

Etymology 4

From Old Norse -arr, from Proto-Germanic *harjaz (“warrior”), *warjaz (“defender”) and *gaizaz (“spear”).

Suffix

-ar m

A name suffix, meaning warrior, guardian or spear

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan -ar, from Latin -āre, infinitive ending of first conjugation verbs.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈa/

Suffix

-ar

Suffix of verbs of the first conjugation

Conjugation

Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

More information simple, compound ...

Auvernhàs

More information simple, compound ...

Gascon

More information simple, compound ...

Lemosin

More information simple, compound ...

Provençau

More information simple, compound ...

Old Galician-Portuguese

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Old Norse

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Polish

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Portuguese

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Romanian

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Serbo-Croatian

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Slovene

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Spanish

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Swedish

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Turkish

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Welsh

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