buith

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• both (original nominative)
• buid (mostly Würzburg spelling)

Etymology

Originally the dative (and accusative) of both, from Proto-Celtic *butā (compare Welsh bod), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbuθʲ/

Noun

buith f (genitive buithe)

1. verbal noun of at·tá
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 5^b20

     trisin intamail sin .i. combad ǽt leu buid domsa i n-iriss et duús in intamlitis

     through that imitation, i.e. so that there may be jealousy with them for me to be in faith and if by chance they might imitate [me]

   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 15^a20

     Ní foí⟨l⟩sitis déicsin a gnúsa íar mbid dó oc accaldim Dé, oc tindnacul recto dó.

     They would not have endured the beholding of his face after he had been conversing with God, at the bestowing of the law to him.

Inflection

Feminine ā-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	buithL, bothL	—	—
vocative	buithL, bothL	—	—
accusative	buithN, bid	—	—
genitive	buitheH	—	—
dative	buithL, bid	—	—

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

• ^H = triggers aspiration
• ^L = triggers lenition
• ^N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• cétbaid
• debuid
• epaid
• esbaid
• frepaid
• inbaid
• ocmad
• tesbaid

Descendants

• Middle Irish: beith, bith
  • Irish: bheith
  • Scottish Gaelic: bhith
  • Manx: ve

Mutation

Mutation of buith

radical	lenition	nasalization
buith	buith pronounced with /β-/	mbuith

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 buith”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language