cula

See also: Appendix:Variations of "cula"

French

Verb

cula

1. third-person singular past historic of culer

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay cula (“horn”), from Ardhamagadhi Prakrit cūlā, from Sanskrit चूडा (cūḍā).

• Semantic loan from Javanese ꦕꦸꦭ (cula, “horn of a rhinoceros”)
• Semantic loan from Sundanese [Term?]

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃula/ [ˈt͡ʃu.la]
• Rhymes: -ula
• Syllabification: cu‧la

Noun

cula (plural cula-cula)

1. horn, tusk

   Synonym: tanduk

2. (figurative) horn-shaped charm, amulet
3. (botany, dialect Java) small leaf-shaped carving motif growing on the front of the tree leaf
4. (fashion, dialect Sunda) the front part of the Sundanese headband is triangular in shape, protruding at the forehead when worn

Derived terms

• bercula

Further reading

• “cula”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Sicilian

Noun

cula

1. plural of culu

Slovene

Etymology

Hungarian cula.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡sùːla/

Noun

cúla f

1. bundle

Declension

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Feminine, a-stem
nom. sing.	cúla
gen. sing.	cúle
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	cúla	cúli	cúle
genitive (rodȋlnik)	cúle	cúl	cúl
dative (dajȃlnik)	cúli	cúlama	cúlam
accusative (tožȋlnik)	cúlo	cúli	cúle
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	cúli	cúlah	cúlah
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	cúlo	cúlama	cúlami

Spanish

Adjective

cula f sg

1. feminine singular of culo

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-cula

1. to sing

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Verb

-cula

1. to sing, to chant

Inflection

tone L (infinitive ukucula)

	positive	negative
infinitive	ukucula	ukungaculi
imperative
	simple	+ object concord
singular	cula	-cule
plural	culani	-culeni
present
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyacula, ngicula	engiculayo, engicula	ngicula	angiculi	engingaculi	ngingaculi
2nd singular	uyacula, ucula	oculayo, ocula	ucula	awuculi	ongaculi	ungaculi
1st plural	siyacula, sicula	esiculayo, esicula	sicula	asiculi	esingaculi	singaculi
2nd plural	niyacula, nicula	eniculayo, enicula	nicula	aniculi	eningaculi	ningaculi
class 1	uyacula, ucula	oculayo, ocula	ecula	akaculi	ongaculi	engaculi
class 2	bayacula, bacula	abaculayo, abacula	becula	abaculi	abangaculi	bengaculi
class 3	uyacula, ucula	oculayo, ocula	ucula	awuculi	ongaculi	ungaculi
class 4	iyacula, icula	eculayo, ecula	icula	ayiculi	engaculi	ingaculi
class 5	liyacula, licula	eliculayo, elicula	licula	aliculi	elingaculi	lingaculi
class 6	ayacula, acula	aculayo, acula	ecula	awaculi	angaculi	engaculi
class 7	siyacula, sicula	esiculayo, esicula	sicula	asiculi	esingaculi	singaculi
class 8	ziyacula, zicula	eziculayo, ezicula	zicula	aziculi	ezingaculi	zingaculi
class 9	iyacula, icula	eculayo, ecula	icula	ayiculi	engaculi	ingaculi
class 10	ziyacula, zicula	eziculayo, ezicula	zicula	aziculi	ezingaculi	zingaculi
class 11	luyacula, lucula	oluculayo, olucula	lucula	aluculi	olungaculi	lungaculi
class 14	buyacula, bucula	obuculayo, obucula	bucula	abuculi	obungaculi	bungaculi
class 15	kuyacula, kucula	okuculayo, okucula	kucula	akuculi	okungaculi	kungaculi
class 17	kuyacula, kucula	okuculayo, okucula	kucula	akuculi	okungaculi	kungaculi
recent past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiculile, ngiculē	engiculile, engiculē	ngiculile, ngiculē	angiculanga	engingaculanga	ngingaculanga
2nd singular	uculile, uculē	oculile, oculē	uculile, uculē	awuculanga	ongaculanga	ungaculanga
1st plural	siculile, siculē	esiculile, esiculē	siculile, siculē	asiculanga	esingaculanga	singaculanga
2nd plural	niculile, niculē	eniculile, eniculē	niculile, niculē	aniculanga	eningaculanga	ningaculanga
class 1	uculile, uculē	oculile, oculē	eculile, eculē	akaculanga	ongaculanga	engaculanga
class 2	baculile, baculē	abaculile, abaculē	beculile, beculē	abaculanga	abangaculanga	bengaculanga
class 3	uculile, uculē	oculile, oculē	uculile, uculē	awuculanga	ongaculanga	ungaculanga
class 4	iculile, iculē	eculile, eculē	iculile, iculē	ayiculanga	engaculanga	ingaculanga
class 5	liculile, liculē	eliculile, eliculē	liculile, liculē	aliculanga	elingaculanga	lingaculanga
class 6	aculile, aculē	aculile, aculē	eculile, eculē	awaculanga	angaculanga	engaculanga
class 7	siculile, siculē	esiculile, esiculē	siculile, siculē	asiculanga	esingaculanga	singaculanga
class 8	ziculile, ziculē	eziculile, eziculē	ziculile, ziculē	aziculanga	ezingaculanga	zingaculanga
class 9	iculile, iculē	eculile, eculē	iculile, iculē	ayiculanga	engaculanga	ingaculanga
class 10	ziculile, ziculē	eziculile, eziculē	ziculile, ziculē	aziculanga	ezingaculanga	zingaculanga
class 11	luculile, luculē	oluculile, oluculē	luculile, luculē	aluculanga	olungaculanga	lungaculanga
class 14	buculile, buculē	obuculile, obuculē	buculile, buculē	abuculanga	obungaculanga	bungaculanga
class 15	kuculile, kuculē	okuculile, okuculē	kuculile, kuculē	akuculanga	okungaculanga	kungaculanga
class 17	kuculile, kuculē	okuculile, okuculē	kuculile, kuculē	akuculanga	okungaculanga	kungaculanga
remote past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngācula	engācula	ngācula	angiculanga	engingaculanga	ngingaculanga
2nd singular	wācula	owācula	wācula	awuculanga	ongaculanga	ungaculanga
1st plural	sācula	esācula	sācula	asiculanga	esingaculanga	singaculanga
2nd plural	nācula	enācula	nācula	aniculanga	eningaculanga	ningaculanga
class 1	wācula	owācula	ācula	akaculanga	ongaculanga	engaculanga
class 2	bācula	abācula	bācula	abaculanga	abangaculanga	bengaculanga
class 3	wācula	owācula	wācula	awuculanga	ongaculanga	ungaculanga
class 4	yācula	eyācula	yācula	ayiculanga	engaculanga	ingaculanga
class 5	lācula	elācula	lācula	aliculanga	elingaculanga	lingaculanga
class 6	ācula	ācula	ācula	awaculanga	angaculanga	engaculanga
class 7	sācula	esācula	sācula	asiculanga	esingaculanga	singaculanga
class 8	zācula	ezācula	zācula	aziculanga	ezingaculanga	zingaculanga
class 9	yācula	eyācula	yācula	ayiculanga	engaculanga	ingaculanga
class 10	zācula	ezācula	zācula	aziculanga	ezingaculanga	zingaculanga
class 11	lwācula	olwācula	lwācula	aluculanga	olungaculanga	lungaculanga
class 14	bācula	obācula	bācula	abuculanga	obungaculanga	bungaculanga
class 15	kwācula	okwācula	kwācula	akuculanga	okungaculanga	kungaculanga
class 17	kwācula	okwācula	kwācula	akuculanga	okungaculanga	kungaculanga
potential
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngingacula	—	ngingacula	ngingecule	—	ngingecule
2nd singular	ungacula	—	ungacula	ungecule	—	ungecule
1st plural	singacula	—	singacula	singecule	—	singecule
2nd plural	ningacula	—	ningacula	ningecule	—	ningecule
class 1	angacula	—	engacula	angecule	—	engecule
class 2	bangacula	—	bengacula	bangecule	—	bengecule
class 3	ungacula	—	ungacula	ungecule	—	ungecule
class 4	ingacula	—	ingacula	ingecule	—	ingecule
class 5	lingacula	—	lingacula	lingecule	—	lingecule
class 6	angacula	—	engacula	angecule	—	engecule
class 7	singacula	—	singacula	singecule	—	singecule
class 8	zingacula	—	zingacula	zingecule	—	zingecule
class 9	ingacula	—	ingacula	ingecule	—	ingecule
class 10	zingacula	—	zingacula	zingecule	—	zingecule
class 11	lungacula	—	lungacula	lungecule	—	lungecule
class 14	bungacula	—	bungacula	bungecule	—	bungecule
class 15	kungacula	—	kungacula	kungecule	—	kungecule
class 17	kungacula	—	kungacula	kungecule	—	kungecule
immediate future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngizocula	engizocula	ngizocula	angizucula	engingezucula	ngingezucula
2nd singular	uzocula	ozocula	uzocula	awuzucula	ongezucula	ungezucula
1st plural	sizocula	esizocula	sizocula	asizucula	esingezucula	singezucula
2nd plural	nizocula	enizocula	nizocula	anizucula	eningezucula	ningezucula
class 1	uzocula	ozocula	ezocula	akazucula	ongezucula	engezucula
class 2	bazocula	abazocula	bezocula	abazucula	abangezucula	bengezucula
class 3	uzocula	ozocula	uzocula	awuzucula	ongezucula	ungezucula
class 4	izocula	ezocula	izocula	ayizucula	engezucula	ingezucula
class 5	lizocula	elizocula	lizocula	alizucula	elingezucula	lingezucula
class 6	azocula	azocula	ezocula	awazucula	angezucula	engezucula
class 7	sizocula	esizocula	sizocula	asizucula	esingezucula	singezucula
class 8	zizocula	ezizocula	zizocula	azizucula	ezingezucula	zingezucula
class 9	izocula	ezocula	izocula	ayizucula	engezucula	ingezucula
class 10	zizocula	ezizocula	zizocula	azizucula	ezingezucula	zingezucula
class 11	luzocula	oluzocula	luzocula	aluzucula	olungezucula	lungezucula
class 14	buzocula	obuzocula	buzocula	abuzucula	obungezucula	bungezucula
class 15	kuzocula	okuzocula	kuzocula	akuzucula	okungezucula	kungezucula
class 17	kuzocula	okuzocula	kuzocula	akuzucula	okungezucula	kungezucula
remote future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyocula	engiyocula	ngiyocula	angiyucula	engingeyucula	ngingeyucula
2nd singular	uyocula	oyocula	uyocula	awuyucula	ongeyucula	ungeyucula
1st plural	siyocula	esiyocula	siyocula	asiyucula	esingeyucula	singeyucula
2nd plural	niyocula	eniyocula	niyocula	aniyucula	eningeyucula	ningeyucula
class 1	uyocula	oyocula	eyocula	akayucula	ongeyucula	engeyucula
class 2	bayocula	abayocula	beyocula	abayucula	abangeyucula	bengeyucula
class 3	uyocula	oyocula	uyocula	awuyucula	ongeyucula	ungeyucula
class 4	iyocula	eyocula	iyocula	ayiyucula	engeyucula	ingeyucula
class 5	liyocula	eliyocula	liyocula	aliyucula	elingeyucula	lingeyucula
class 6	ayocula	ayocula	eyocula	awayucula	angeyucula	engeyucula
class 7	siyocula	esiyocula	siyocula	asiyucula	esingeyucula	singeyucula
class 8	ziyocula	eziyocula	ziyocula	aziyucula	ezingeyucula	zingeyucula
class 9	iyocula	eyocula	iyocula	ayiyucula	engeyucula	ingeyucula
class 10	ziyocula	eziyocula	ziyocula	aziyucula	ezingeyucula	zingeyucula
class 11	luyocula	oluyocula	luyocula	aluyucula	olungeyucula	lungeyucula
class 14	buyocula	obuyocula	buyocula	abuyucula	obungeyucula	bungeyucula
class 15	kuyocula	okuyocula	kuyocula	akuyucula	okungeyucula	kungeyucula
class 17	kuyocula	okuyocula	kuyocula	akuyucula	okungeyucula	kungeyucula
present subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngicule	ngingaculi
2nd singular	ucule	ungaculi
1st plural	sicule	singaculi
2nd plural	nicule	ningaculi
class 1	acule	angaculi
class 2	bacule	bangaculi
class 3	ucule	ungaculi
class 4	icule	ingaculi
class 5	licule	lingaculi
class 6	acule	angaculi
class 7	sicule	singaculi
class 8	zicule	zingaculi
class 9	icule	ingaculi
class 10	zicule	zingaculi
class 11	lucule	lungaculi
class 14	bucule	bungaculi
class 15	kucule	kungaculi
class 17	kucule	kungaculi
past subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngacula	ngangacula, angacula, angangacula
2nd singular	wacula	wangacula, awacula, awangacula
1st plural	sacula	sangacula, asacula, asangacula
2nd plural	nacula	nangacula, anacula, anangacula
class 1	wacula	wangacula, akacula, akangacula
class 2	bacula	bangacula, abacula, abangacula
class 3	wacula	wangacula, awacula, awangacula
class 4	yacula	yangacula, ayacula, ayangacula
class 5	lacula	langacula, alacula, alangacula
class 6	acula	angacula, awacula, awangacula
class 7	sacula	sangacula, asacula, asangacula
class 8	zacula	zangacula, azacula, azangacula
class 9	yacula	yangacula, ayacula, ayangacula
class 10	zacula	zangacula, azacula, azangacula
class 11	lwacula	lwangacula, alwacula, alwangacula
class 14	bacula	bangacula, abacula, abangacula
class 15	kwacula	kwangacula, akwacula, akwangacula
class 17	kwacula	kwangacula, akwacula, akwangacula

Derived terms

• iculo

References

• C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “cula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “cula (4.3)”