excusar

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin excūsāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [əks.kuˈza]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [eks.kuˈzaɾ]

Verb

excusar (first-person singular present excuso, first-person singular preterite excusí, past participle excusat)

1. to excuse

Conjugation

    Conjugation of excusar (first conjugation)

infinitive			excusar
gerund			excusant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		excusat		excusada
		plural		excusats		excusades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	excuso	excuses	excusa	excusem	excuseu	excusen
	imperfect	excusava	excusaves	excusava	excusàvem	excusàveu	excusaven
	future	excusaré	excusaràs	excusarà	excusarem	excusareu	excusaran
	preterite	excusí	excusares	excusà	excusàrem	excusàreu	excusaren
	conditional	excusaria	excusaries	excusaria	excusaríem	excusaríeu	excusarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	excusi	excusis	excusi	excusem	excuseu	excusin
	imperfect	excusés	excusessis	excusés	excuséssim	excuséssiu	excusessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	excusa	excusi	excusem	excuseu	excusin
	negative (no)	—	no excusis	no excusi	no excusem	no excuseu	no excusin

Related terms

• excusa

Further reading

• “excusar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Occitan

Etymology

Semi-learned form derived from Latin excūsāre.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Béarn):

  (file)

Verb

excusar

1. (transitive) to excuse

Conjugation

    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		excusar			aver excusat
gerund		excusant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		excusat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	excusi	excusas	excusa	excusam	excusatz	excusan
	imperfect	excusavi	excusavas	excusava	excusàvem	excusàvetz	excusavan
	preterite	excusèri	excusères	excusèt	excusèrem	excusèretz	excusèron
	future	excusarai	excusaràs	excusarà	excusarem	excusaretz	excusaràn
	conditional	excusariái	excusariás	excusariá	excusariam	excusariatz	excusarián
	conditional 2nd form1	excusèra	excusèras	excusèra	excuseram	excuseratz	excusèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	excuse	excuses	excuse	excusem	excusetz	excusen
	imperfect	excusèssi	excusèsses	excusèsse	excusèssem	excusèssetz	excusèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			excusa		excusem	excusatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Auvernhàs

		simple			compound
infinitive		excusar			aver excusat
gerund		excusant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		excusat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	excuse	excuses	excusa	excusam	excusatz	excuson
	imperfect	excusave	excusaves	excusava	excusaviam	excusaviatz	excusavon
	preterite	excusere	excuseres	excuset	excusem	excusetz	excuseron
	future	excusarai	excusaràs	excusará	excusarem	excusaretz	excusarán
	conditional	excusariá	excusariás	excusariá	excusariam	excusariatz	excusarián
	conditional 2nd form1	excusèra	excusèras	excusèra	excuseram	excuseratz	excusèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	excuse	excuses	excuse	excusassiam	excusassiatz	excuson
	imperfect	excusesse	excusesses	excusesse	excusessiam	excusessiatz	excusesson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			excusa		excusassiam	excusatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Gascon

		simple			compound
infinitive		excusar			aver excusat
gerund		excusant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		excusat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	excusi	excusas	excusa	excusam	excusatz	excusan
	imperfect	excusavi	excusavas	excusava	excusàvam	excusàvatz	excusavan
	preterite	excusèi	excusès	excusè	excusèm	excusètz	excusèn
	future	excusarèi	excusaràs	excusarà	excusaram	excusaratz	excusaràn
	conditional	excusarí	excusarés	excusaré	excusarem	excusaretz	excusarén
	conditional 2nd form1	excusèra	excusèras	excusèra	excuseram	excuseratz	excusèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	excusi	excuses	excuse	excusem	excusetz	excusen
	imperfect	excusèssi	excusèsses	excusèsse	excusèssem	excusèssetz	excusèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			excusa		excusem	excusatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Lemosin

		simple			compound
infinitive		excusar			aver excusat
gerund		excusant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		excusat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	excuse	excusas	excusa	excusam	excusatz	excusan
	imperfect	excusava	excusavas	excusava	excusàvam	excusàvatz	excusavan
	preterite	excusei	excuseras	excuset	excusèram	excusèratz	excuseran
	future	excusarai	excusaràs	excusará	excusarem	excusaretz	excusarán
	conditional	excusariá	excusariàs	excusariá	excusariam	excusariatz	excusarián
	conditional 2nd form1	excusèra	excusèras	excusèra	excuseram	excuseratz	excusèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	excuse	excuses	excuse	excusem	excusetz	excusen
	imperfect	excusèsse	excusèsses	excusèsse	excusèssem	excusèssetz	excusèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			excusa		excusem	excusatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Provençau

		simple			compound
infinitive		excusar			aver excusat
gerund		excusant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		excusat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	excuse	excuses	excusa	excusam	excusatz	excusan
	imperfect	excusavi	excusavas	excusava	excusàvem	excusàvetz	excusavan
	preterite	excusère	excusères	excusèt	excuseriam	excuseriatz	excusèron
	future	excusarai	excusaràs	excusarà	excusarem	excusaretz	excusaràn
	conditional	excusariáu	excusariás	excusariá	excusariam	excusariatz	excusarián
	conditional 2nd form1	excusèra	excusèras	excusèra	excuseram	excuseratz	excusèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	excuse	excuses	excuse	excusem	excusetz	excusan
	imperfect	excusèsse	excusèsses	excusèsse	excusessiam	excusessiatz	excusèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			excusa		excusem	excusatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Related terms

• excusa

Spanish

Etymology

Semi-learned alteration (based on the Latin etymon) of the inherited Old Spanish escusar, from Latin excūsāre. Cf. the now obsolete form escusar ("to hide"), influenced by the old past participle of esconder.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /eɡskuˈsaɾ/ [eɣ̞s.kuˈsaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: ex‧cu‧sar

Verb

excusar (first-person singular present excuso, first-person singular preterite excusé, past participle excusado)

1. (transitive) to excuse

Conjugation

    Conjugation of excusar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			excusar
gerund			excusando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		excusado		excusada
		plural		excusados		excusadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	excuso	excusastú excusásvos	excusa	excusamos	excusáis	excusan
	imperfect	excusaba	excusabas	excusaba	excusábamos	excusabais	excusaban
	preterite	excusé	excusaste	excusó	excusamos	excusasteis	excusaron
	future	excusaré	excusarás	excusará	excusaremos	excusaréis	excusarán
	conditional	excusaría	excusarías	excusaría	excusaríamos	excusaríais	excusarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	excuse	excusestú excusésvos2	excuse	excusemos	excuséis	excusen
	imperfect (ra)	excusara	excusaras	excusara	excusáramos	excusarais	excusaran
	imperfect (se)	excusase	excusases	excusase	excusásemos	excusaseis	excusasen
	future1	excusare	excusares	excusare	excusáremos	excusareis	excusaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		excusatú excusávos	excuse	excusemos	excusad	excusen
	negative		no excuses	no excuse	no excusemos	no excuséis	no excusen

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of excusar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive excusar	dative	excusarme	excusarte	excusarle, excusarse	excusarnos	excusaros	excusarles, excusarse
	accusative	excusarme	excusarte	excusarlo, excusarla, excusarse	excusarnos	excusaros	excusarlos, excusarlas, excusarse
with gerund excusando	dative	excusándome	excusándote	excusándole, excusándose	excusándonos	excusándoos	excusándoles, excusándose
	accusative	excusándome	excusándote	excusándolo, excusándola, excusándose	excusándonos	excusándoos	excusándolos, excusándolas, excusándose
with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative excusa	dative	excúsame	excúsate	excúsale	excúsanos	not used	excúsales
	accusative	excúsame	excúsate	excúsalo, excúsala	excúsanos	not used	excúsalos, excúsalas
with informal second-person singular voseo imperative excusá	dative	excusame	excusate	excusale	excusanos	not used	excusales
	accusative	excusame	excusate	excusalo, excusala	excusanos	not used	excusalos, excusalas
with formal second-person singular imperative excuse	dative	excúseme	not used	excúsele, excúsese	excúsenos	not used	excúseles
	accusative	excúseme	not used	excúselo, excúsela, excúsese	excúsenos	not used	excúselos, excúselas
with first-person plural imperative excusemos	dative	not used	excusémoste	excusémosle	excusémonos	excusémoos	excusémosles
	accusative	not used	excusémoste	excusémoslo, excusémosla	excusémonos	excusémoos	excusémoslos, excusémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative excusad	dative	excusadme	not used	excusadle	excusadnos	excusaos	excusadles
	accusative	excusadme	not used	excusadlo, excusadla	excusadnos	excusaos	excusadlos, excusadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative excusen	dative	excúsenme	not used	excúsenle	excúsennos	not used	excúsenles, excúsense
	accusative	excúsenme	not used	excúsenlo, excúsenla	excúsennos	not used	excúsenlos, excúsenlas, excúsense

Related terms

• excusa

Further reading

• “excusar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024