focren

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *uɸokʷrinati (from *uɸo- + *kʷrinati); compare Welsh gobryn (“to deserve”) (and gobr (“reward, payment”, noun) from a corresponding noun form). By surface analysis, fo- +‎ crenaid.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɸoˈkʲɾʲen/

Verb

fo·cren (verbal noun fochricc)

1. to buy, to purchase
2. to hire

Inflection

Complex, class B IV present, a subjunctive

		active						passive
		singular			plural			singular	plural
		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
present indicative	deut.
	prot.
imperfect indicative	deut.
	prot.
preterite	deut.
	prot.
perfect	deut.
	prot.
future	deut.
	prot.
conditional	deut.
	prot.
present subjunctive	deut.							fo·crethther
	prot.
past subjunctive	deut.
	prot.
imperative
verbal noun		fochricc, fochraic
past participle
verbal of necessity

Mutation

Mutation of fo·cren

radical	lenition	nasalization
fo·cren	fo·chren	fo·cren pronounced with /ɡʲ-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “focren”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Pedersen, Holger (1913), Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen [Comparative Grammar of the Celtic Languages] (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 497