hadap

Indonesian

Etymology

Inherited from Malay hadap, from Proto-Malayic *hadəp, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qadəp. Doublet of depan.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈhadap/ [ˈha.dap̚]
• Rhymes: -adap
• Syllabification: ha‧dap

Verb

hadap

1. (intransitive) to face (to position oneself towards)

   Synonyms: menghadap, (transitive) hadapi

2. (imperative) to face

   hadap kiri, gerak! ― face left!

Noun

hadap (plural hadap-hadap)

1. (uncommon) synonym of depan (“front”)

Usage notes

This is the drill command for turning motions at the halt (static) and executed by gerak. The drill command is comparable to Japanese 向(む)け (muke, “to turn”) and Malay berpusing.

Derived terms

• berhadap-hadapan (“to face each other (repeatedly)”)
• berhadapan (“to face each other”)
• (uncommon) bersehadap (“to face each other”)
• hadapan (“front”)
• hadapi (“to face; to confront”)
• hadapkan (“to cause to confront or face”)
• menghadap (“to face”)
• penghadapan (“facing; confrontation”)
• perhadapkan (“to cause to confront or face”)
• terhadap (“toward”)

References

• “hadap”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*qadep”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *hadəp, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qadəp.

Cognates

Cognate with Javanese adhep, Balinese harep, Sundanese hareup, Iban adap, Dairi Batak adep, Toba Batak adop, Tae' ara', Mandar are', Tagalog harap, Maranao adap, Yakan hap, Tausug alup, Mapun awop, Central Sama alop, Southern Sama alop, Samoan alo, Tongan ʻao, Tuvaluan alo, Rarotongan aro, Maori aro, Hawaiian alo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hadap/
• Rhymes: -adap

Verb

hadap (Jawi spelling هادڤ, used in the form menghadap)

1. (transitive) to face (position oneself/itself towards)

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• penghadapan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
• hadapan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
• hadapkan [causative benefactive] (-kan)
• hadapi [causative (locative) benefactive] (-i)
• menghadap [agent focus] (meN-)
• menghadapkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
• menghadapi [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
• dihadap [patient focus] (di-)
• dihadapkan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
• dihadapi [patient focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (di- + -i)
• terhadap [agentless action] (teR-)
• berhadapan [stative / habitual + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (beR- + -an)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

• terhadapan
• berhadap-hadapan

Descendants

• Indonesian: hadap
• → Maranao: hadap
• → Tagalog: harap

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*qadep”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
• “hadap”, in Kamus Dewan [The Institute Dictionary] (in Malay), Fourth edition, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2005, →ISBN
• "hadap" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017

Maranao

Etymology

Borrowed from Malay hadap.

Noun

hadap

1. front