karma

See also: Karma, karmą, and карма

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

karma

Wikipedia

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit कर्म (kárma), nom.sg. of कर्मन् (kárman, “act, action, performance”); first attested in English in 1785 in a translation of the Bhagavad Gita by Charles Wilkins.

Pronunciation

• enPR: kärʹ-mə, IPA^(key): /ˈkɑɹmə/
  • (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑː.mə/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑɹ.mə/
• (India) IPA^(key): /ˈkəɾm(ə)/
• Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)mə
• Hyphenation: kar‧ma
• Homophones: cama, calmer (non-rhotic)

Noun

karma (countable and uncountable, plural karmas)

1. (Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism) The sum total of a person's actions, which determine the person's next incarnation in samsara, the cycle of death and rebirth.
   • 2023, Santanu Bhattacharya, One Small Voice, Fig Tree, pages 59-60:

     ‘We are all part of a circle of karma. We will be rewarded for the good deeds of our forefathers, and pay the price for their sins.’

2. A force or law of nature which causes one to reap what one sows; destiny; fate.
3. (uncommon) A distinctive feeling, aura, or atmosphere.
   • 2001, Inside the Hits, page 307:

     That means everything from lighting to the vibes, the karma of the room.

   • 2006, Chase Sargent, From Buddy to Boss, page 219:

     How many times when you have been in a bar have you felt that a confrontation was building up, even without extensive verbal exchanges? Sometimes you can feel the karma or energy of a place change, and you should not ignore that

   • 2010, R.L. Roach, Irish Lie, page 135:

     On the way to Lancaster, which was about an hour and a half from Philly, John felt the karma.

4. (Internet) A score assigned to a user or post on some discussion forums, indicating popularity or perceived value.

Derived terms

• duskarma
• instant karma
• karma farm
• karma farmer
• karmaic
• karmaless
• karma's a bitch
• karma whore
• karmic
• karmic debt

Translations

the total effect of a person’s actions and conduct during the successive phases of his existence

Arabic: كَارْمَا (kārmā) Armenian: կարմա (hy) (karma) Belarusian: ка́рма f (kárma) Bengali: কর্মফল (bn) (kormophol) Bulgarian: ка́рма f (kárma) Burmese: ကံ (my) (kam), ကြမ္မာ (my) (kramma) Catalan: karma (ca) m Chinese: Mandarin: 因果報應 / 因果报应 (zh) (yīnguǒbàoyìng), 業 / 业 (zh) (yè), 羯磨 (jiémó) Czech: karma (cs) f Dutch: karma (nl) n Esperanto: karmo Finnish: karma (fi) French: karma (fr) m Georgian: კარმა (ḳarma) German: Karma (de) n Greek: κάρμα (el) n (kárma) Hebrew: קארמה (he) f (kárma) Hindi: कर्म (hi) m (karm) Hungarian: karma (hu) Japanese: 業 (ja) (ごう, gō), カルマ (ja) (karuma) Kannada: ಕರ್ಮ (kn) (karma) Khmer: កម្ម (km) (kam) Korean: 업 (ko) (eop), 카르마 (kareuma) Kyrgyz: карма (ky) f (karma) Lao: ກຳ (lo) (kam) Lithuanian: karma f Macedonian: карма f (karma) Malay: karma (ms) Malayalam: കർമ്മം (kaṟmmaṁ) Occitan: karma m Pali: kamma n Persian: کارما (kârmâ) Polish: karma (pl) f, karman (pl) m Portuguese: carma (pt) m, karma (pt) m Punjabi: ਕਰਮ (karam) Russian: ка́рма (ru) f (kárma) Sanskrit: कर्मन् (sa) n (karman) Sinhalese: කර්ම (karma) Spanish: karma (es) m Swedish: karma (sv) Tagalog: karma Tamil: கர்மம் (ta) (karmam), கர்மா (karmā) Telugu: కర్మ (te) (karma) Thai: กรรม (th) (gam) Tibetan: ལས (las) Tocharian B: yāmor Turkish: dakka dukka sg, eden bulur Ukrainian: ка́рма f (kárma) Urdu: کرم m (karm, karma) Vietnamese: nghiệp (vi) (業), nghiệp chướng (vi), yết-ma (羯磨) West Frisian: karma

destiny, fate

Chinese: Mandarin: 緣分 / 缘分 (zh) (yuánfèn) Czech: osud (cs) m Dutch: karma (nl) n Finnish: kohtalo (fi) German: Schicksal (de) n Lithuanian: likimas (lt) m Portuguese: carma (pt) m, karma (pt) m Russian: ка́рма (ru) f (kárma) Spanish: karma (es) m Swedish: karma (sv) c Turkish: kader (tr), takdir (tr)

distinctive feeling, aura or atmosphere

Finnish: kohtalo (fi) Portuguese: clima (pt) m

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Spanish: (please verify) karma (es) m

References

• “karma”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• karma in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “karma”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

Anagrams

• Makar, Marak, makar, krama, Karam, Marka

Afar

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /karˈma/ [kʌɾˈmʌ]
• Hyphenation: kar‧ma

Noun

karmá f (plural karmoomí f)

1. autumn rainy season

Declension

Declension of karmá

absolutive karmá predicative karmá subjective karmá genitive karmá Postpositioned forms l-case karmál k-case karmák t-case karmát h-case karmáh

References

• E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “karma”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman, “act, action, performance”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈkar.mə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈkaɾ.ma]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

Noun

karma m (plural karmes)

1. (Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism) karma

Related terms

• kàrmic

Further reading

• “karma”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkarma]

Etymology 1

From a commercial name that comes from abbreviated name of its inventor Karel Macháček

Noun

karma f

1. (technology) tankless water heater, instantaneous water heater

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman, “act, action, performance”).

Noun

karma f

1. (Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism) karma

Declension

Declension of karma (hard feminine reducible)

	singular	plural
nominative	karma	karmy
genitive	karmy	karem
dative	karmě	karmám
accusative	karmu	karmy
vocative	karmo	karmy
locative	karmě	karmách
instrumental	karmou	karmami

Dutch

Etymology

From Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman, “act, action, performance”), possibly via English karma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑr.mɑ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: kar‧ma
• Rhymes: -ɑrmɑ

Noun

karma n (uncountable)

1. (Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism) karma

Derived terms

• karmisch

Esperanto

Etymology

From karmo +‎ -a.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkarma/
• Rhymes: -arma
• Hyphenation: kar‧ma

Adjective

karma (accusative singular karman, plural karmaj, accusative plural karmajn)

1. karmic

Finnish

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman, “act, action, performance”). Appears as headword on p. 341 of the Pieni Tietosanakirja ("Little Encyclopedia") from 1925-28, published by Otava, Helsinki.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑrmɑ/, [ˈkɑ̝rmɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑrmɑ
• Syllabification^(key): kar‧ma
• Hyphenation^(key): kar‧ma

Noun

karma

1. (Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism) karma

Declension

Inflection of karma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		karma	karmat
genitive		karman	karmojen
partitive		karmaa	karmoja
illative		karmaan	karmoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		karma	karmat
accusative	nom.	karma	karmat
	gen.	karman
genitive		karman	karmojen karmain rare
partitive		karmaa	karmoja
inessive		karmassa	karmoissa
elative		karmasta	karmoista
illative		karmaan	karmoihin
adessive		karmalla	karmoilla
ablative		karmalta	karmoilta
allative		karmalle	karmoille
essive		karmana	karmoina
translative		karmaksi	karmoiksi
abessive		karmatta	karmoitta
instructive		—	karmoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of karma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative karmani karmani accusative nom. karmani karmani gen. karmani genitive karmani karmojeni karmaini rare partitive karmaani karmojani inessive karmassani karmoissani elative karmastani karmoistani illative karmaani karmoihini adessive karmallani karmoillani ablative karmaltani karmoiltani allative karmalleni karmoilleni essive karmanani karmoinani translative karmakseni karmoikseni abessive karmattani karmoittani instructive — — comitative — karmoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative karmasi karmasi accusative nom. karmasi karmasi gen. karmasi genitive karmasi karmojesi karmaisi rare partitive karmaasi karmojasi inessive karmassasi karmoissasi elative karmastasi karmoistasi illative karmaasi karmoihisi adessive karmallasi karmoillasi ablative karmaltasi karmoiltasi allative karmallesi karmoillesi essive karmanasi karmoinasi translative karmaksesi karmoiksesi abessive karmattasi karmoittasi instructive — — comitative — karmoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative karmamme karmamme accusative nom. karmamme karmamme gen. karmamme genitive karmamme karmojemme karmaimme rare partitive karmaamme karmojamme inessive karmassamme karmoissamme elative karmastamme karmoistamme illative karmaamme karmoihimme adessive karmallamme karmoillamme ablative karmaltamme karmoiltamme allative karmallemme karmoillemme essive karmanamme karmoinamme translative karmaksemme karmoiksemme abessive karmattamme karmoittamme instructive — — comitative — karmoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative karmanne karmanne accusative nom. karmanne karmanne gen. karmanne genitive karmanne karmojenne karmainne rare partitive karmaanne karmojanne inessive karmassanne karmoissanne elative karmastanne karmoistanne illative karmaanne karmoihinne adessive karmallanne karmoillanne ablative karmaltanne karmoiltanne allative karmallenne karmoillenne essive karmananne karmoinanne translative karmaksenne karmoiksenne abessive karmattanne karmoittanne instructive — — comitative — karmoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative karmansa karmansa accusative nom. karmansa karmansa gen. karmansa genitive karmansa karmojensa karmainsa rare partitive karmaansa karmojaan karmojansa inessive karmassaan karmassansa karmoissaan karmoissansa elative karmastaan karmastansa karmoistaan karmoistansa illative karmaansa karmoihinsa adessive karmallaan karmallansa karmoillaan karmoillansa ablative karmaltaan karmaltansa karmoiltaan karmoiltansa allative karmalleen karmallensa karmoilleen karmoillensa essive karmanaan karmanansa karmoinaan karmoinansa translative karmakseen karmaksensa karmoikseen karmoiksensa abessive karmattaan karmattansa karmoittaan karmoittansa instructive — — comitative — karmoineen karmoinensa

Further reading

• “karma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023

French

Pronunciation

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

IPA^(key): /kaʁ.ma/

Noun

karma m (plural karmas)

1. (Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism) karma
2. (slang) an unpleasant or negative environment.

Further reading

• “karma”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.