mundus

English

Noun

mundus

1. plural of mundu

Anagrams

• dunums, musnud

Latin

Etymology 1

Two possibilities include: (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

• From Etruscan 𐌌𐌖𐌈 (muθ, “pit, mundus”).
• From Proto-Indo-European *mh₂nd- (“to adorn”) and cognate with Old High German mandag (“joyful, happy, dashing”); an Etruscan form 𐌈𐌍𐌖𐌌 (munθ) "order, kit, ornament" is attested also. Possibly also conflated in the sense of "clean, neat" with Proto-Indo-European *mewH- (“to wash, wet”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈmʊn.dʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈmun̪.d̪us]

Adjective

mundus (feminine munda, neuter mundum, comparative mundior, superlative mundissimus, adverb munditer); first/second-declension adjective

1. clean, pure; neat

   Antonym: immundus

2. nice, fine, elegant, sophisticated
3. decorated, adorned
4. pure (trait)

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	mundus	munda	mundum		mundī	mundae	munda
genitive	mundī	mundae	mundī		mundōrum	mundārum	mundōrum
dative	mundō	mundae	mundō		mundīs
accusative	mundum	mundam	mundum		mundōs	mundās	munda
ablative	mundō	mundā	mundō		mundīs
vocative	munde	munda	mundum		mundī	mundae	munda

Derived terms

• mundificō
• munditer
• munditia
• mundō

Descendants

• Italian: mondo
• Old French: monde
  • Middle French: monde
    • French: monde

Etymology 2

From mundus (adjective). In the sense “universe”, calque of Ancient Greek κόσμος (kósmos).

Noun

mundus m (genitive mundī); second declension

1. universe, world, esp. the heavens and the heavenly bodies
   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 1.5:

     Vōs, ō clārissima mundī / lūmina, lābentem caelō quae dūcitis annum; /

     Oh ye, most radiant lights of the heavens, who lead the gliding year in the sky

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.545–546:

     Sed quid et Ōrīōn et cētera sīdera mundō
     cēdere festīnant, noxque coartat iter?

     But why are Orion and the other star-patterns hurrying to depart from heaven, and night is curtailing its journey?
     (It is May; nighttime is becoming shorter, and Ovid imagines even the mighty Orion (constellation) hurrying from the sky because Rome will soon celebrate the Temple of Mars Ultor; see also: Mars (mythology).)

2. mankind (inhabitants of the earth)
   • 61 CE – 65 CE, Lucan, Pharsalia 5.469–471:

     miserīque fuit spēs inrita mundī, / posse ducēs parvā campī statiōne diremptōs / admōtum damnāre nefās.

     The unfortunate world's hope turned out in vain, the hope that the leaders, separated by a small field distance, could condemn the impiety drawing near.

   • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Evangelium secundum Ioannem.3.16:

     Sic enim dilexit Deus mundum ut filium suum unigenitum daret, ut omnis qui credit in eum non pereat, sed habeat vitam aeternam.

     For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, so that whoever believes in him may not perish but have eternal life.

3. (Medieval Latin) century
4. (Medieval Latin) group of people
5. implement
6. ornaments, decorations, dress (of a woman)

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	mundus	mundī
genitive	mundī	mundōrum
dative	mundō	mundīs
accusative	mundum	mundōs
ablative	mundō	mundīs
vocative	munde	mundī

Derived terms

• intermundia
• mundānus
• mundiālis
• Stupor mundī

Descendants

Descendants

• Basque: mundu
• Corsican: munnu
• Dalmatian: muand
• Esperanto: mondo
  • Ido: mondo
• Interlingua: mundo
• Istriot: mondo
• Italian: mondo
• Navarro-Aragonese:
  • Aragonese: mundo
• Neapolitan: munno
• Old French: monde, mont, mund
  • Middle French: monde
    • French: monde
      • Saint Dominican Creole French: monde
        • Haitian Creole: moun
      • → English: monde
    • Norman: maonde
  • Walloon: monde
• Old Leonese:
  • Asturian: mundiu, mundu
  • Extremaduran: mundu
  • Leonese: mundiu
  • Mirandese: mundo
• Old Occitan: mon
  • Catalan: món
  • Occitan: mond
• Old Galician-Portuguese: mundo
  • Galician: mundo
  • Portuguese: mundo, mũdo (obsolete, abbreviation)
    • Kabuverdianu: mundu
    • Papiamentu: mundu
    • → Tetum: mundu
• Old Spanish: mundo
  • Ladino: mundo / מונדו
  • Spanish: mundo
    • → Tagalog: mundo
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: mond
  • Ladin: mond
  • Romansch: mund, mond, muond
• Sardinian: mundhu, mundu, munnu
• Sicilian: munnu
• Venetan: móndo

References

• “mundus¹”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “mundus²”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “mundus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "mundus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “mundus 1 mundus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “mundus 2 mundus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the universe: rerum or mundi universitas
    
  • the perfect harmony of the universe: totius mundi convenientia et consensus
    
  • God made the world: deus mundum aedificavit, fabricatus est, effecit (not creavit)
    
  • God is the Creator of the world: deus est mundi procreator (not creator), aedificator, fabricator, opifex rerum
    
  • a citizen of the world; cosmopolitan: mundanus, mundi civis et incola (Tusc. 5. 37)
    
• “mundus”, in Samuel Ball Platner (1929), Thomas Ashby, editor, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, London: Oxford University Press
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 394-5