spondeo

Ido

Noun

spondeo (plural spondei)

1. spondee

Italian

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spondeo

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Etymology

From Latin spondeus, from Ancient Greek σπονδεῖος (spondeîos, “spondee”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sponˈdɛ.o/
• Rhymes: -ɛo
• Hyphenation: spon‧dè‧o

Noun

spondeo m (plural spondei)

1. spondee

Anagrams

• sopendo

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *spondeō, from earlier *spondejō, from Proto-Indo-European *spondéyeti, causative verb from *spend- (“to perform a rite, make an offering”). Cognates include Ancient Greek σπένδω (spéndō, “libate”), σπονδή (spondḗ, “libation”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈspɔn.de.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈspɔn̪.d̪e.o]

Verb

spondeō (present infinitive spondēre, perfect active spopondī, supine spōnsum); second conjugation

1. to promise, bind or pledge oneself, contract, vow

   Synonyms: dēspondeō, voveō, ostentō, profiteor, prōmittō, stipulor, pangō, polliceor

2. to guarantee
3. to promise for another; to become security for a person, enter bail
4. to promise or engage in marriage, betroth

Conjugation

• This verb has only limited passive conjugation; only third-person passive forms are attested in surviving sources. The third principal part may be spopondī or spepondī.

   Conjugation of spondeō (second conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	spondeō		spondēs		spondet		spondēmus		spondētis		spondent
	imperfect	spondēbam		spondēbās		spondēbat		spondēbāmus		spondēbātis		spondēbant
	future	spondēbō		spondēbis		spondēbit		spondēbimus		spondēbitis		spondēbunt
	perfect	spopondī, spepondī		spopondistī, spepondistī		spopondit, spepondit		spopondimus, spepondimus		spopondistis, spepondistis		spopondērunt, spopondēre, spepondērunt, spepondēre
	pluperfect	spoponderam, speponderam		spoponderās, speponderās		spoponderat, speponderat		spoponderāmus, speponderāmus		spoponderātis, speponderātis		spoponderant, speponderant
	future perfect	spoponderō, speponderō		spoponderis, speponderis		spoponderit, speponderit		spoponderimus, speponderimus		spoponderitis, speponderitis		spoponderint, speponderint
	sigmatic future1	spōnsō		spōnsis		spōnsit		spōnsimus		spōnsitis		spōnsint
passive	present	spondeor		spondēris, spondēre		spondētur		spondēmur		spondēminī		spondentur
	imperfect	spondēbar		spondēbāris, spondēbāre		spondēbātur		spondēbāmur		spondēbāminī		spondēbantur
	future	spondēbor		spondēberis, spondēbere		spondēbitur		spondēbimur		spondēbiminī		spondēbuntur
	perfect	spōnsus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	spōnsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	spōnsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	spondeam		spondeās		spondeat		spondeāmus		spondeātis		spondeant
	imperfect	spondērem		spondērēs		spondēret		spondērēmus		spondērētis		spondērent
	perfect	spoponderim, speponderim		spoponderīs, speponderīs		spoponderit, speponderit		spoponderīmus, speponderīmus		spoponderītis, speponderītis		spoponderint, speponderint
	pluperfect	spopondissem, spepondissem		spopondissēs, spepondissēs		spopondisset, spepondisset		spopondissēmus, spepondissēmus		spopondissētis, spepondissētis		spopondissent, spepondissent
	sigmatic aorist1	spōnsim		spōnsīs		spōnsīt		spōnsīmus		spōnsītis		spōnsint
passive	present	spondear		spondeāris, spondeāre		spondeātur		spondeāmur		spondeāminī		spondeantur
	imperfect	spondērer		spondērēris, spondērēre		spondērētur		spondērēmur		spondērēminī		spondērentur
	perfect	spōnsus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	spōnsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		spondē		—		—		spondēte		—
	future	—		spondētō		spondētō		—		spondētōte		spondentō
passive	present	—		spondēre		—		—		spondēminī		—
	future	—		spondētor		spondētor		—		—		spondentor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		spondēre			spondērī			spondēns			—
future		spōnsūrum esse			spōnsum īrī			spōnsūrus			spondendus
perfect		spopondisse, spepondisse			spōnsum esse			—			spōnsus
future perfect		—			spōnsum fore			—			—
perfect potential		spōnsūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		spondendī		spondendō		spondendum		spondendō		spōnsum		spōnsū

¹At least one use of the Old Latin "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").

Derived terms

• cōnspondeō
• dēspondeō
• respondeō
• spōnsa
• spōnsālis
• spōnsiō
• spōnsō
• spōnsor
• spōnsum
• spōnsus

Related terms

• spōnsāle
• spōnsālia
• spōnsiuncula

References

• “spondeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “spondeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “spondeo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “spondeo”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
• treccani.it, at "spondèo" page