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verderben
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: Verderben
German
Etymology
From a merger of Middle High German verderben (“to perish, die”) (strong verb) and verderben (“bring ruin to, kill, damage”) (weak verb). The former is from Old High German *farderban, inherited from Proto-West Germanic *fraderban, which is in turn from Proto-Germanic *derbaną (“to perish”).
Pronunciation
Verb
verderben (class 3 strong, third-person singular present verdirbt, past tense verdarb, past participle verdorben, past subjunctive verdürbe, auxiliary haben or sein)
- (transitive) to deprive (someone) of (something); to rob (someone) of (some feeling) [auxiliary haben]
- (transitive) to ruin; to render (something) useless; to corrupt; to spoil [auxiliary haben]
- (intransitive, usually of food) to spoil; to rot; to perish [auxiliary sein]
- (intransitive) to be offensive; to live sinfully [auxiliary sein]
Usage notes
In most contexts, the verb has strong conjugation. However, it has weak conjugation when referring to a written document: Der Text ist verderbt – The text is corrupted. (Chiefly, only the past participle is used in this sense.) Also, in archaic German, verderbt could be used in other senses as well.
Conjugation
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
- Verderben, Verderber, Verderbung
- verderbend, verdorben
- verderblich, Verderbnis
- viele Köche verderben den Brei
- sich den Magen verderben
Further reading
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