Praemium Librorum Nationale
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Praemium Librorum Nationale,[1] vulgo National Book Award, est copia praemiorum litterarum in Civitatibus Foederatis quotannis concessorum, anno 1950 institutorum.[2][3] In ultimis Caerimoniis Nationalium Librorum Praemiorum Novembri habitis, Societas fundata librorum nationalium haec praemia et duo arbitria vitae operis auctoribus adiudicat. Nationalia Librorum Praemia a Societate Americana librorum venditorum anno 1936 instituta,[4][5] per secundum bellum mundanum relicta, a tribus societatibus industriae librorum anno 1950 iterum instituta sunt. Auctores et curatores librorum prolatorum praemiis ante bellum digni sunt; nunc autem auctoribus Americanis pro libris in Civitatibus Foederatis per annum praemiorum prolatis conceduntur. Anno 2010, 1115 librorum nominati sunt in quattuor categoriis praemiorum, 435 pro nonfictione. Caerimoniae 2011 Novi Eboraci die 16 Novembris habitae sunt.[6]
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Laureati
Mythistoriae
| 1950 | Nelson Algren | The Man With The Golden Arm |
| 1951 | Gulielmus Faulkner | The Collected Stories of William Faulkner |
| 1952 | Iacobus Jones | From Here to Eternity |
| 1953 | Radulphus Ellison | Invisible Man |
| 1954 | Saul Bellow | The Adventures of Augie March |
| 1955 | Gulielmus Faulkner | A Fable |
| 1956 | Ioannes O’Hara | Ten North Frederick |
| 1957 | Wright Morris | The Field of Vision |
| 1958 | Ioannes Cheever | The Wapshot Chronicle |
| 1959 | Bernardus Malamud | The Magic Barre |
| 1960 | Philippus Roth | Goodbye, Columbus |
| 1961 | Conradus Richter | The Waters of Kronos |
| 1962 | Gualtherius Percy | The Moviegoer |
| 1963 | J. F. Powers | Morte D'Urban |
| 1964 | Ioannes Updike | The Centaur |
| 1965 | Saul Bellow | Herzog |
| 1966 | Catharina Anna Porter | The Collected Stories of Katherine Anne Porter |
| 1967 | Bernardus Malamud | The Fixer |
| 1968 | Thornton Wilder | The Eighth Day |
| 1969 | Jerzy Kosinski | Steps |
| 1970 | Joyce Carol Oates | Them |
| 1971 | Saul Bellow | Mr. Sammler's Planet |
| 1972 | Maria Flannery O’Connor | The Complete Stories of Flannery O'Connor |
| 1973 | Ioannes Barth | Chimera |
| 1973 | Ioannes Williams | Augustus |
| 1974 | Thomas Pynchon | Gravity's Rainbow (sed praemium eo numquam traditum est) |
| 1974 | Isaac Bashevis Singer | A Crown of Feathers and Other Stories |
| 1975 | Robertus Stone | Dog Soldiers |
| 1975 | Thomas Williams | The Hair of Harold Roux |
| 1976 | Gulielmus Gaddis | JR |
| 1977 | Wallace Stegner | The Spectator Bird |
| 1978 | Maria Lee Settle | Blood Ties |
| 1979 | Timotheus O’Brien | Going After Cacciato |
| 1980 | Gulielmus Styron | Sophie's Choice |
| 1980 | Ioannes Irving | The World According to Garp |
| 1981 | Wright Morris | Plains Song |
| 1981 | Ioannes Cheever | The Stories of John Cheever |
| 1982 | Ioannes Updike | Rabbit is Rich |
| 1982 | Gulielmus Maxwell | So Long, See You Tomorrow |
| 1983 | Alice Walker | The Color Purple |
| 1983 | Eudora Welty | Collected Stories of Eudora Welty |
| 1984 | Ellen Gilchrist | Victory Over Japan: A Book of Stories |
| 1985 | Don DeLillo | White Noise |
| 1986 | E. L. Doctorow | World's Fair |
| 1987 | Larry Heinemann | Paco's Story |
| 1988 | Pete Dexter | Paris Trout |
| 1989 | Ioannes Casey | Spartina |
| 1990 | Carolus Johnson | Middle Passage |
| 1991 | Norman Rush | Mating |
| 1992 | Cormac McCarthy | All the Pretty Horses |
| 1993 | Anna Proulx | The Shipping News |
| 1994 | Gulielmus Gaddis | A Frolic of His Own |
| 1995 | Philippus Roth | Sabbath's Theater |
| 1996 | Andrea Barrett | Ship Fever and Other Stories |
| 1997 | Carolus Frazier | Cold Mountain |
| 1998 | Alicia McDermott | Charming Billy |
| 1999 | Ha Jin | Waiting |
| 2000 | Susanna Sontag | In America |
| 2001 | Ionathan Franzen | The Corrections |
| 2002 | Iulia Glass | Three Junes |
| 2003 | Shirley Hazzard | The Great Fire |
| 2004 | Lily Tuck | The News from Paraguay |
| 2005 | Gulielmus T. Vollmann | Europe Central |
| 2006 | Ricardus Powers | The Echo Maker |
| 2007 | Dionysius Johnson | Tree of Smoke |
| 2008 | Petrus Matthiessen | Shadow Country |
| 2009 | Colum McCann | Let the Great World Spin |
| 2010 | Jaimy Gordon | Lord of Misrule |
| 2011 | Jesmyn Ward | Salvage the Bones |
| 2012 | Ludovica Erdrich | The Round House |
| 2013 | Iacobus McBride | The Good Lord Bird |
| 2014 | Phil Klay | Redeployment |
Libri rerum
| 1950 | Radulphus L. Rusk | Ralph Waldo Emerson |
| 1951 | Newton Arvin | Herman Melville |
| 1952 | Rachel Carson | The Sea Around Us |
| 1953 | Bernardus A. De Voto | The Course of Empire |
| 1954 | Bruce Catton | A Stillness at Appomattox |
| 1955 | Iosephus Wood Krutch | The Measure of Man |
| 1956 | Herbertus Kubly | An American in Italy |
| 1957 | Georgius F. Kennan | Russia Leaves the War |
| 1958 | Catherina Drinker Bowen | The Lion and the Throne |
| 1959 | J. Christopher Herold | Misterss to an Age: A Life of Madame De Stael |
| 1960 | Ricardus Ellmann | James Joyce |
| 1961 | Gulielmus L. Shirer | The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich |
| 1962 | Lewis Mumford | The City in History: Its Origins, its Transformations and its Prospects |
| 1963 | Leo Edel | Henry James, Vol. II: The Conquest of London; Henry James, Vol. III: The Middle Years |
| 1964 | Aileen Ward | John Keats: The Making of a Poet |
| 1964 | Gulielmus H. McNeill | The Rise of the West: A History of the Human Community |
| 1964 | Christophorus Tunnard & Boris Pushkarev | Man-made America |
| 1965 | Eleanora Clark | Oysters of Lockmariaquer |
| 1965 | Ludovicus Fischer | The Life of Lenin |
| 1965 | Norbertus Wiener | God and Golem, Inc: A Comment on Certain Points where Cybernetics Impinges on Religion |
| 1966 | Ianetta Flanner | Paris Journal, 1944-1965 |
| 1966 | Arthurus M. Schlesinger | A Thousand Days |
| 1967 | Iustinus Kaplan | Mr. Clemens and Mark Twain: A Biography |
| 1967 | Petrus Gay | The Enlightenment, Vol. I: An Interpretation the Rise of Modern Paganism |
| 1967 | Anscharius Lewis | La Vida |
| 1968 | Gulielmus Troy | Selected Essays |
| 1968 | Georgius F. Kennan | Memoirs: 1925-1950 |
| 1968 | Ionathan Kozol | Death at an Early Age |
| 1969 | Normannus Mailer | The Armies of the Night: History as a Novel, The Novel as History |
| 1969 | Winthrop D. Jordan | White over Black: American Attitudes Toward the Negro, 1550-1812 |
| 1969 | Robertus J. Lifton | Death in Life: Survivors of Hiroshima |
| … | … | … |
| 1980 | Thomas Wolfe | The Right Stuff |
| 1980 | Petrus Matthiessen | The Snow Leopard |
| 1981 | Maxine Hong Kingston | China Men |
| 1981 | Ioanna Kramer | The Last Cowboy |
| 1982 | Tracy Kidder | The Soul of a New Machine |
| 1982 | Victor S. Navasky | Naming Names |
| 1983 | Fox Butterfield | China: Alive in the Bitter Sea |
| 1983 | Iacobus Fallows | National Defense |
| 1984 | Robertus V. Remini | Andrew Jackson and the Course of American Democracy, 1833-1845 |
| 1985 | J. Antonius Lukas | Common Ground: A Turbulate Decade in the Lives of Three American Families |
| 1986 | Barry Lopez | Arctic Dreams |
| 1987 | Ricardus Rhodes | The Making of the Atom Bomb |
| 1988 | Neil Sheehan | A Bright Shining Lie: John Paul Vann and America in Vietnam |
| 1989 | Thomas Lauren Friedman | From Beirut to Jerusalem |
| 1990 | Ronaldus Chernow | The House of Morgan: An American Banking Dynasty and the Rise of Modern Finance |
| 1991 | Rolandus Patterson | Freedom |
| 1992 | Paulus Monette | Becoming a Man: Half a Life Story |
| 1993 | Gore Vidal | United States: Essays 1952-1992 |
| 1994 | Sherwin B. Nuland | How We Die: Reflections on Life’s Final Chapter |
| 1995 | Tina Rosenberg | The Haunted Land: Facing Europe’s Ghosts After Communism |
| 1996 | Iacobus Carroll | An American Requiem: God, My Father, and the War that Came Between Us |
| 1997 | Iosephus Ioannes Ellis | American Sphinx: The Character of Thomas Jefferson |
| 1998 | Eduardus Ball | Slaves in the Family |
| 1999 | Ioannes W. Dower | Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II |
| 2000 | Nathaniel Philbrick | In the Heart of the Sea: The Tragedy of the Waleship Essex |
| 2001 | Andreas Solomon | The Noonday Demon: An Atlas of Depression |
| 2002 | Robertus A. Caro | Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson |
| 2003 | Carolus Eire | Waiting for Snow in Havana: Confessions of a Cuban Boy |
| 2004 | Coemgenus Boyle | Arc of Justice: A Saga of Race, Civil Rights, and Murder in the Jazz Age |
| 2005 | Ioanna Didion | The Year of Magical Thinking |
| 2006 | Timotheus Egan | The Worst Hard Time: The Untold Story of Those Who Survived the Great American Dust Bowl |
| 2007 | Timotheus Weiner | Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA |
| 2008 | Annetta Gordon-Reed | The Hemingses of Monticello: An American Family |
| 2009 | T. J. Stiles | The First Tycoon: The Epic Life of Cornelius Vanderbilt |
| 2010 | Patti Smith | Just Kids |
| 2011 | Stephanus Greenblatt | The Swerve: How the World Became Modern |
| 2012 | Catharine Boo | Behind the Beautiful Forevers: Life, Death, and Hope in a Mumbai Undercity |
| 2013 | Georgius Packer | The Unwinding: An Inner History of the New America |
| 2014 | Evan Osnos | Age of Ambition: Chasing Fortune, Truth, and Faith in the New China |
Poesis
| 1950 | Gulielmus Carolus Williams | Paterson: Book III and Selected Poems |
| 1951 | Wallace Stevens | The Auroras of Autumn |
| 1952 | Marianna Moore | Collected Poems |
| 1953 | Archibaldus MacLeish | Collected Poems, 1917-1952 |
| 1954 | Conradus Aiken | Collected Poems |
| 1955 | Wallace Stevens | The Collected Poems of Wallace Stevens |
| 1956 | W. H. Auden | The Shield of Achilles |
| 1957 | Ricardus Wilbur | Things of the World |
| 1958 | Robertus Penn Warren | Promises: Poems, 1954-1956 |
| 1959 | Theodorus Roethke | Words for the Wind |
| 1960 | Robertus Lowell | Life Studies |
| 1961 | Randall Jarrell | The Woman at the Washington Zoo |
| 1962 | Alanus Dugan | Poems |
| 1963 | Gulielmus Stafford | Traveling Through the Dark |
| 1964 | Ioannes Crowe Ransom | Selected Poems |
| 1965 | Theodorus Roethke | The Far Field |
| 1966 | Iacobus Dickey | Buckdancer's Choice: Poems |
| 1967 | Iacobus Merrill | Nights and Days |
| 1968 | Robertus Bly | The Light Around the Body |
| 1969 | Ioannes Berryman | His Toy, His Dream, His Rest |
| 1970 | Elizabetha Bishop | The Complete Poems |
| 1971 | Mona Van Duyn | To See, To Take |
| 1972 | Howardus Moss | Selected Poems |
| 1972 | Franciscus O'Hara | The Collected Works of Frank O'Hara |
| 1973 | A. R. Ammons | Collected Poems, 1951-1971 |
| 1974 | Allen Ginsberg | The Fall of America: Poems of these States, 1965-1971 |
| 1974 | Hadriana Rich | Diving into the Wreck: Poems 1971-1972 |
| 1975 | Marilyn Hacker | Presentation Piece |
| 1976 | Ioannes Ashbery | Self-portrait in a Convex Mirror |
| 1977 | Ricardus Eberhart | Collected Poems, 1930-1976 |
| 1978 | Howardus Nemerov | The Collected Poems of Howard Nemerov |
| 1979 | Iacobus Merrill | Mirabell: Book of Numbers |
| 1980 | Philippus Levine | Ashes |
| 1981 | Elizabetha Mueller | The Need to Hold Still |
| 1982 | Gulielmus Bronk | Life Supports: New and Collected Poems |
| 1983 | Galway Kinnell | Selected Poems |
| 1983 | Charles Wright | Country Music: Selected Early Poems |
| 1991 | Philippus Levine | What Work Is |
| 1992 | Maria Oliver | New & Selected Poems |
| 1993 | A. R. Ammons | Garbage |
| 1994 | Iacobus Tate | A Worshipful Company of Fletchers |
| 1995 | Stanley Kunitz | Passing Through: The Later Poems |
| 1996 | Hayden Carruth | Scrambled Eggs & Whiskey |
| 1997 | Gulielmus Meredith | Effort at Speech: New & Selected Poems |
| 1998 | Geraldus Stern | This Time: New and Selected Poems |
| 1999 | Ai | Vice: New & Selected Poems |
| 2000 | Lucille Clifton | Poems Seven: New and Complete Poetry |
| 2001 | Alanus Dugan | Blessing the Boats: New and Selected Poems 1988-2000 |
| 2002 | Ruta Stone | In the Next Galaxy |
| 2003 | C. K. Williams | The Singing |
| 2004 | Ioanna Valentine | Door in the Mountain: New and Collected Poems, 1965-2003 |
| 2005 | W. S. Merwin | Migration |
| 2006 | Nathaniel Mackey | Splay Anthem |
| 2007 | Robertus Hass | Time and Materials: Poems, 1997-2005 |
| 2008 | Marcus Doty | Fire to Fire: New and Collected Poems |
| 2009 | Keith Waldrop | Transcendental Studies: A Trilogy |
| 2010 | Terrance Hayes | Lighthead |
| 2011 | Nikky Finney | Head Off & Split: Poems |
| 2012 | David Ferry | Bewilderment: New Poems and Translations |
| 2013 | Maria Szybist | Incarnadine |
| 2014 | Ludovica Glück | Faithful and Virtuous Night |
Libri iuveniles
| 1996 | Victor Martinez | Parrott In the Oven: MiVida |
| 1997 | Han Nolan | Dancing on the Edge |
| 1998 | Ludovicus Sachar | Holes, dt. Löcher |
| 1999 | Kimberly Willis Holt | When Zachary Beaver Came to Town |
| 2000 | Gloria Whelan | Homeless Bird |
| 2001 | Virginia Euwer Wolff | True Believer |
| 2002 | Nancy Farmer | The House of the Scorpion |
| 2003 | Polly Horvath | The Canning Season |
| 2004 | Petrus Hautman | Godless |
| 2005 | Ioanna Birdsall | The Penderwicks |
| 2006 | M. T. Anderson | The Astonishing Life of Octavian Nothing, Traitor to the Nation, Vol. 1: The Pox Party |
| 2007 | Sherman Alexie | The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian |
| 2008 | Iudita Blundell | What I Saw and How I Lied |
| 2009 | Philippus Hoose Claudette Colvin | Twice Toward Justice |
| 2010 | Catharina Erskine | Mockingbird |
| 2011 | Thanhha Lai | Goblin Secrets |
| 2012 | Gulielmus Alexander | Inside Out and Back Again |
| 2013 | Cynthia Kadohata | The Thing About Luck |
| 2014 | Iacoba Woodson | Brown Girl Dreaming |
Libri pueriles
| 1969 | Meindert DeJong | Journey from Peppermint Street |
| 1970 | Isaac Bashevis Singer | A Day of Pleasure: Stories of a Boy Growing up in Warsaw |
| 1971 | Lloyd Alexander | The Marvelous Misadventures of Sebastian |
| 1972 | Donaldus Barthelme | The Slightly Irregular Fire Engine or The Hithering Thithering Djinn |
| 1973 | Ursula K. Le Guin | The Farthest Shore |
| 1974 | Eleanora Cameron | The Court of the Stone Children |
| 1975 | Virginia Hamilton | M. C. Higgins the Great |
| 1976 | Gualterius D. Edmonds | Bert Breen's Barn |
| 1977 | Catharina Paterson | The Master Puppeteer |
| 1978 | Judith & Herbert Kohl | The View From the Oak |
| 1979 | Catharina Paterson | The Great Gilly Hopkins |
| 1980 Hardcover | Ioanna W. Blos | A Gathering of Days: A New England Girl's Journal |
| 1980 Paperback | Madeleine L’Engle | A Swiftly Tilting Planet |
| 1981 Hardcover | Elizabetha Byars | The Night Swimmers |
| 1981 Paperback | Beverly Cleary | Ramona and Her Mother |
| 1982 Hardcover | Lloyd Alexander | Westmark |
| 1982 Paperback | Ouida Sebestyen | Words by Heart |
| 1983 Hardcover | Ioanna Fritz | Homesick: My Own Story |
| 1983 Paperback | Paula Fox | A Place Apart |
| 1983 Paperback | Joyce Carol Thomas | Marked by Fire |
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Praemium quod auctori operum omnium suorum gratiam tribuitur
Clipeus Egregiae Litteris Americanis Contributionis[7] est arbitrium pro rebus gestis per vitam totam, a societate per ultimas praemiorum librorum caerimonias adiudicatum. Additamentum est $10,000. Clipeus commemorat hominem qui "litterarium heredium Americanum per vitam ministerii vel corpus operum divitiis ornavit."[8][9] Qui hunc clipeum acceperunt sunt:
- 1978 : S. J. Perelman
- 1991 : Eudora Welty
- 1992 : Iacobus Laughlin
- 1993 : Clifton Fadiman
- 1994 : Gwendolyn Brooks
- 1995 : David McCullough
- 1996 : Antonia Morrison
- 1997 : Studs Terkel
- 1998 : Ioannes Updike
- 1999 : Oprah Winfrey
- 2000 : Ray Bradbury
- 2001 : Arthurus Miller
- 2002 : Philippus Roth
- 2003 : Stephanus King
- 2004 : Iudita Blume
- 2005 : Normannus Mailer
- 2006 : Hadriana Rich
- 2007 : Ioanna Didion
- 2008 : Maxine Hong Kingston
- 2009 : Gore Vidal
- 2010: Thomas Wolfe
- 2011: Ioannes Ashbery
- 2012: Elmore Leonard [10]
- 2013: E. L. Doctorow
- 2014: Ursula Le Guin
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Notae
Nexus externi
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