Bakerian Lecture

A Bakerian Lecture é uma palestra prêmio patrocinada pela Royal Society, devotada às ciências físicas.

Em 1775 o naturalista Henry Baker doou £ 100 por uma palestra, destinada a um fellow, nas áreas de história natural e filosofia experimental, a critério da Royal Society.

Ano	Imagem	Nome	País	Título
1775		Peter Woulfe	Irlanda	"Experiments made in order to ascertain the nature of some Mineral Substances, and in particular to see how far the Acids of Sea-Salt and of Vitriol contribute to Mineralize Metallic and other Substances"
1776
1777
1778		Jan Ingenhousz	Países Baixos	"Electrical Experiments to explain how far the Phenomena of the Electrophorus may be accounted for by Dr Franklins Theory of Positive and Negative Electricity"
1779				"Improvements in Electricity"
1780		Tiberius Cavallo	Itália	"Thermometrical Experiments and Observations"
1781				"An Account of some Thermometrical Experiments"
1782				"An Account of some Experiments relating to the Property of Common and Inflammable Airs of pervading the Pores of Paper"
1783				"Description of an improved Air Pump"
1784				"An Account of some Experiments made with the new improved Air Pump"
1785				"Magnetical Experiments and Observations"
1786				"Magnetical Experiments and Observations"
1787				"Of the Methods of manifesting the Presence, and ascertaining the Quality, of small Quantities of Natural or Artificial Electricity"
1788				"On an Improvement in the Blow Pipe"
1789				"Magnetical Experiments and Observations"
1790				"A Description of a new Pyrometer"
1791				"On the Method of Measuring Distances by means of Telescopes furnished with Micrometers"
1792				"An Account of the Discoveries concerning Muscular Motion, which have been lately made, and are commonly known by the name of Animal Electricity"
1793		George Fordyce	Escócia	"An Account of a New Pendulum"
1794		Samuel Vince	Reino Unido	"Observations on the Theory of the Motion and Resistance of Fluids; with a Description of the Construction of Experiments, in order to obtain some fundamental Principles"
1795
1796
1797				"Experiments upon the Resistance of Bodies moving in Fluids"
1798				"Observations upon an unusual Horizontal Refraction of the Air; with Remarks on the Variations to which the lower Parts of the Atmosphere are sometimes subject"
1799
1800		Thomas Young	Reino Unido	"On the Mechanism of the Eye"
1801				"On the Theory of Light and Colours"
1802		William Hyde Wollaston	Reino Unido	"Observations on the Quantity of Horizontal Refraction; with Method of measuring the Dip at Sea"
1803		Thomas Young	Reino Unido	"Experiments and Calculations relative to Physical Optics"
1804		Samuel Vince		"Observations on the Hypotheses which have been assumed to account for the cause of Gravitation from Mechanical Principles"
1805		William Hyde Wollaston	Reino Unido	"On the Force of Percussion"
1806		Humphry Davy	Reino Unido	"On some Chemical Agencies of Electricity"
1807				"On some new Phenomena of Chemical Changes produced by Electricity, particularly the Decomposition of the fixed Alkalies, and the Exhibition of the new Substances, which constitute their Bases"
1808				"An Account of some new Analytical Researches on the Nature of certain Bodies, particularly the Alkalies, Phosphorus, Sulphur , Carbonaceous Matters, and the Acids hitherto undecompounded; with some general Observations on Chemical Theory"
1809				"On some new Electro-Chemical Researches, on various objects, particularly the Metallic Bodies from the Alkalies and Earths; and on some Combinations of Hydrogen"
1810				"On some of the Combinations of Oxymuriatic Gas and Oxygen, and on the Chemical Relations of these Principles to Inflammable Bodies"
1811
1812		William Hyde Wollaston	Reino Unido	"On the Elementary Particles of certain Crystals"
1813		William Thomas Brande	Reino Unido	"On some new Electro-Chemical Phenomena"
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819		William Thomas Brande	Reino Unido	"On the Composition and Analysis of the inflammable Gaseous Compounds resulting from the destructive Distillation of Coal and Oil; with some Remarks on their relative heating and illuminating power"
1820		Henry Kater		"On the best kind of Steel, and form, for a Compass Needle"
1821		Edward Sabine		"An Account of Experiments to determine the Amount of the Dip of the Magnetic Needle in London , in August 1821; with Remarks on the Instruments which are usually employed in such determination"
1822
1823		John Herschel		"On certain Motions produced in Fluid Conductors when transmitting the Electric Current"
1824
1825
1826		Humphry Davy	Reino Unido	"On the Relations of Electrical and Chemical Changes"
1827		George Pearson		"Researches to discover the Faculties of Pulmonary Absorption with respect to Charcoal"
1828		William Hyde Wollaston	Reino Unido	"On a Method of rendering Platina malleable"
1829		Michael Faraday	Reino Unido	"On the manufacture of Glass for Optical Purposes"
1830
1831
1832		Michael Faraday	Reino Unido	"Experimental Researches in Electricity; Second Series"
1833		Samuel Hunter Christie	Reino Unido	"Experimental Determination of the Laws of Magneto-Electric Induction in different masses of the same metal, and its intensity in different metals"
1834
1835		Charles Lyell	Reino Unido	"On the Proofs of a gradual Rising of the Land in certain parts of Sweden"
1836		John William Lubbock		"On the Tides of the Port of London"
1837		William Henry Fox Talbot	Reino Unido	"Further Observations on the Optical Phenomena of Crystals"
1838		James Ivory		"On the Theory of the Astronomical Refractions"
1839		William Snow Harris		"Inquiries concerning the Elementary Laws of Electricity"
1840		George Biddell Airy	Reino Unido	"On the Theoretical Explanation of an apparent new Polarity of Light"
1841		George Newport		"On the Organs of Reproduction and the Development of the Myriapoda"
1842		James David Forbes		"On the Transparency of the Atmosphere and the Law of Extinction of the Solar Rays in passing through it"
1843		Charles Wheatstone	Reino Unido	"An Account of several new Instruments and Processes for determining the Constants of a Voltaic Circuit"
1844		Richard Owen		"A Description of certain Belemnites, preserved, with a great proportion of their soft parts, in the Oxford Clay, at Christian-Malford, Wilts"
1845		Charles Giles Bridle Daubeny		"Memoir on the Rotation of Crops, and on the Quantity of Inorganic Matters abstracted from the Soil by various Plants under different circumstances"
1846		James David Forbes		"Illustrations of the Viscous Theory of Glacier Motion"
1847		William Robert Grove		"On certain Phenomena of Voltaic Ignition and the Decomposition of Water into its constituent Gases by Heat"
1848		William Whewell		"Researches on the Tides. Thirteenth Series. On the Tides of the Pacific, and on the Diurnal Inequality"
1849		Michael Faraday	Reino Unido	"Experimental Researches in Electricity. Twenty-Second Series"
1850		Thomas Graham		"On the Diffusion of Liquids"
1851		Michael Faraday	Reino Unido	"Experimental Researches in Electricity. Twenty-Fourth Series"
1852		Charles Wheatstone	Reino Unido	"Contributions to the Physiology of Vision. Part II. On some remarkable and hitherto unobserved Phenomena on Binocular Vision (continued)"
1853		Edward Sabine		"On the Influence of the Moon on the Magnetic Declination at Toronto, St Helena, and Hobarton"
1854		Thomas Graham		"On Osmotic Force"
1855		John Tyndall		"On the Nature of the Force by which Bodies are repelled from the Poles of a Magnet; to which is prefixed an account of some experiments on Molecular Influences"
1856		William Thon		"On the Electro-dynamic Qualities of Metals"
1857		Michael Faraday	Reino Unido	"Experimental Relations of Gold (and other metals) to Light"
1858		John Peter Gassiot		"On the Stratifications and dark band in Electrical Discharges as observed in Torricellian Vacua"
1859		Edward Frankland		"Researches on Organo-metallic Bodies. Fourth Memoir"
1860		William Fairbairn		"Experimental Researches to determine the Law of Superheated Steam"
1861		John Tyndall		"On the Absorption and Radiation of Heat by Gases and Vapours, and on the Physical Connexion of radiation, Absorption and Conduction"
1862		Warren De la Rue		"On the Total Solar Eclipse of 18 July 1860, observed at Rivabellosa, near Miranda de Ebro in Spain"
1863		Henry Clifton Sorby		"On the Direct Correlation of Mechanical and Chemical Forces"
1864		John Tyndall		"Contributions to Molecular Physics: being the Fifth Memoir of Researches on Radiant Heat"
1865		Henry Enfield Roscoe		"On a Method of Meteorological Registration of the Chemical Action of Total Daylight"
1866		James Clerk Maxwell		"On the Viscosity or Internal Friction of Air and other Gases"
1867		Frederick Augustus Abel		"Researches on Gun-Cotton. (Second Memoir). On the Stability of Gun-Cotton"
1868		Henry Enfield Roscoe		"Researches on Vanadium"
1869		Thomas Andrews		"The Continuity of the Gaseous and Liquid States of Matter"
1870		John William Dawson		"On the Pre-Carboniferous Flora of North-Eastern America, and more especially on that of the Erian (Devonian) Period"
1871		Carl Wilhelm Siemens		"On the Increase of Electrical Resistance in Conductors with Rise of Temperature, and its Application to the Measure of Ordinary and Furnace Temperatures: also on a simple Method of measuring Electrical Resistances"
1872		William Kitchen Parker		"On the Structure and Development of the Skull of the Salmon (Salmo salar, L.)"
1873		Earl of Rosse		"On the Radiation of Heat from the Moon, the Law of its Absorption by our Atmosphere, and its variation in Amount with her Phases"
1874		J Norman Lockyer		"Researches in Spectrum Analysis in connexion with the Spectrum of the Sun. Part III"
1875		William Grylls Adams		"On the Forms of Equipotential Curves and Surfaces and on Lines of Flow"
1876		Thomas Andrews		"On the Gaseous State of Matter"
1877		William Crawford Willian		"On the Organization of the Fossil Plants of the Coal Measures"
1878		William Crookes		"On Repulsion resulting from Radiation. Part V"
1879		William Crookes		"On the Illumination of Lines of Molecular Pressure and the Trajectory of Molecules"
1880		William de W Abney		"On the Photographic Method of Mapping the least refrangible end of the Solar Spectrum"
1881		John Tyndall		"Action of free Molecules on Radiant Heat, and its conversion thereby into sound"
1882		Heinrich Debus		"On the Chemical Theory of Gunpowder"
1883		William Crookes		"On Radiant Matter Spectroscopy: the Detection and wide Distribution of Yttrium"
1884		Arthur Schuster		"Experiments on the Discharge of Electricity through gases. Sketch of a Theory"
1885		William Huggins		"On the Corona of the Sun"
1886		William de W Abney e Edward Robert Festing		"Colour Photometry"
1887		Joseph John Thon		"On the Dissociation of some Gases by the Electric Discharge"
1888		J Norman Lockyer		"Suggestions on the Classification of the various Species of Heavenly Bodies. A Report to the Solar Physics Committee"
1889		Arthur William Rucker e Thomas Edward Thorpe		"A magnetic Survey of the British isles for the Epoch January 1, 1886"
1890		Arthur Schuster		"The Discharge of Electricity through Gases. Preliminary Communication"
1891		George Howard Darwin		"On Tidal Prediction"
1892		James Thon		"On the Grand Currents of Atmospheric Circulation"
1893		Harold B Dixon		"The rate of Explosion in Gases"
1894		Thomas Edward Thorpe e JW Rodger		"On the Relations between the Viscosity (internal friction) of Liquids and their Chemical Nature"
1895		A.G. Vernon Harcourt e William Esson		"On the Laws of Connexion between the Conditions of a Chemical Change and its Amount. III. Further Researches on the Reaction of Hydrogen Dioxide and Hydrogen Iodide"
1896		William Chandler Roberts-Austen		"On the Diffusion of Metals"
1897		Osborne Reynolds e WH Moorby		"On the Mechanical Equivalent of Heat"
1898		William James Russell		"Further Experiments on the Action exerted by certain Metals and other Bodies on a Photographic Plate"
1899		James Alfred Ewing e W Rosenhain		"The Crystalline Structure of Metals"
1900		William Augustus Tilden		"On the Specific Heat of Metals and the Relation of Specific Heat to Atomic Weight"
1901		James Dewar		"The Nadir of Temperature and Allied Problems"
1902		John William Strutt		"On the Law of the Pressure of Gases between 75 and 150 Millimetres of Mercury"
1903		CT Heycock e FH Neville		"On the Constitution of the Copper-tin Series of Alloys"
1904		Ernest Rutherford		"The Succession of Changes in Radio-active Bodies"
1905		Horace T Brown		"The Reception and Utilization of Energy by the Green Leaf"
1906		John Milne		"Recent Advances in Seismology"
1907		Thomas Edward Thorpe		"The Atomic Weight of Radium"
1908		Charles H Lees		"The Effects of Temperature and Pressure on the Thermal Conductivities of Solids"
1909		Joseph Larmor		"On the Statistical and Thermo-dynamical Relations of Radiant Energy"
1910		John Henry Poynting e Guy Barlow		"The Pressure of Light against the Source: the Recoil from Light"
1911		Robert John Strutt		"A Chemically-Active Modification of Nitrogen Produced by the Electric Discharge"
1912		Hugh Longbourne Callendar		"On the Variation of the Specific Heat of Water, with Experiments by a new Method"
1913		Joseph John Thon		"Rays of Positive Electricity"
1914		Alfred Fowler		"Series Lines in Spark Spectra"
1915		William Henry Bragg		"X-rays and Crystals"
1916		Charles Glover Barkla		"X-rays and the Theory of Radiation"
1917		James Hopwood Jeans		"The Configurations of Rotating Compressible Masses"
1918		Charles Parsons		"Experiments on the Artificial Production of Diamond"
1919		Robert John Strutt		"A Study of the Line Spectrum of Sodium as Excited by Fluorescence"
1920		Ernest Rutherford		"Nuclear Constitution of Atoms"
1921		Thomas Martin Lowry e Percy Corlett Austin		"Optical Rotatory Dispersion. Part II. Tartaric Acid and the Tartrates"
1922		Thomas Ralph Merton e S. Barratt		"On the Spectrum of Hydrogen"
1923		Geoffrey Ingram Taylor e Constance F. Elam		"The Distortion of an Aluminium Crystal during a Tensile Test"
1924		Alfred Fowler		"The Spectra of Silicon at Successive Stages of Ionization"
1925		William Bate Hardy e Ida Bircumshaw		"Boundary Lubrication - Plane Surfaces and the Limitations of Amontons Law"
1926		Arthur Stanley Eddington		"Diffuse Matter in Interstellar Space"
1927		Francis William Aston		"A New Mass-Spectrograph and the Whole Number Rule"
1928		John Cunningham McLennan		"The Aurora and its Spectrum"
1929		Edward Arthur Milne		"The Structure and Opacity of a Stellar Atmosphere"
1930		Robert Robinson		"The Molecular Structure of Strychnine and Brucine"
1931		Sydney Chapman		"Some Phenomena of the Upper Atmosphere"
1932		William Arthur Bone		"The Combustion of Hydrocarbons"
1933		James Chadwick		"The Neutron"
1934		William Lawrence Bragg		"The Structure of Alloys"
1935		Ralph Howard Fowler		"The Anomalous Specific Heats of Crystals, with special reference to the Contribution of Molecular Rotations"
1936		Frederic Stanley Kipping		"Organic Compounds of Silicon"
1937		Edward Victor Appleton		"Regularities and Irregularities in the Ionosphere"
1938		Christopher Kelk Ingold		"The Structure of Benzene"
1939		Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett		"Penetrating Cosmic Rays"
1940		Nevil Vincent Sidgwick		"Stereochemical types and valency groups"
		Herbert Marcus Powell
1941		Paul Dirac		"The physical interpretation of quantum mechanics"
1942		Albert Charles Chibnall		"Amino-acid analysis and the structure of proteins"
1943		Richard Vynne Southwell		"Relaxation methods: a mathematics for engineering sciences"
1944		Walter Norman Haworth		"The structure, function and synthesis of polysaccharides"
1945		Gordon Dobson		"Meteorology of the lower stratosphere"
1946		Cyril Norman Hinshelwood		"The more recent work on the hydrogen-oxygen reaction"
1947		Harry Ralph Ricardo		"Some problems in connexion with the development of a high-speed diesel engine"
1948		George Paget Thon		"Nuclear explosions"
1949		Harold Raistrick		"A region of biosynthesis"
1950		Percy Williams Bridgman	Estados Unidos	"Physics above 20 000 kg/cm2"
1951		Eric Keightley Rideal		"Reactions in monolayers"
1952		Harold Jeffreys	Reino Unido	"The origin of the solar system"
1953		Nevill Francis Mott	Reino Unido	"Dislocations, plastic flow and creep in metals"
1954		Alexander Robertus Todd		"Chemistry of the nucleotides"
1955		Marcus Oliphant	Austrália	"The acceleration of charged particles to very high energies"
1956		Harry Work Melville		"Addition polymerization"
1957		Cecil Frank Powell	Reino Unido	"The elementary particles"
1958		Martin Ryle	Reino Unido	"The nature of the cosmic radio sources"
1959		Edmund Langley Hirst		"Molecular structure in the polysaccharide group"
1960		Gerhard Herzberg	Alemanha	"The spectra and structures of free methyl and free methylene"
1961		Michael James Lighthill	Reino Unido	"Sound generated aerodynamically"
1962		John Desmond Bernal	Irlanda	"The structure of liquids"
1963		Alan Howard Cottrell		"Fracture"
1964		Frederick Calland Williams		"Inventive technology: the search for better electric machines"
1965		Melvin Calvin	Estados Unidos	"Chemical evolution"
1966		Ronald Norrish	Reino Unido	"The progress of photochemistry exemplified by reactions of the halogens"
1967		Edward Crisp Bullard	Reino Unido	"Reversals of the Earth's magnetic field"
1968		Fred Hoyle	Reino Unido	"Review of recent developments in cosmology"
1969		Richard Henry Dalitz		"Particles and interactions: the problems of high-energy physics"
1970		Derek Harold Richard Burton		"Some approaches to the synthesis of tetracycline"
1971		Basil John Mason		"The physics of the thunderstorm"
1972		Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin		"Insulin"
1973		Frederick Charles Frank		"Crystals imperfect"
1974		Desmond George King-Hele		"A view of Earth and air"
1975		Michael Francis Atiyah		"Global geometry"
1976		George Wallace Kenner		"Towards synthesis of proteins"
1977		George Porter	Reino Unido	"In vitro models for photosynthesis"
1978		Robert Lewis Fullarton Boyd		"Cosmic exploration by X-rays"
1979		Michael Ellis Fisher		"Multicritical points in magnets and fluids: a review of some novel states of matter"
1980		Abdus Salam	Paquistão	"Gauge unification of fundamental forces"
1981		Robert Joseph Paton Williams		"Natural selection of the chemical elements"
1982		Martin Rees		"Galaxies and their nuclei"
1983		Alfred Edward Ringwood		"The Earths core: its composition, formation and bearing upon the origin of the earth"
1984		Alan Rushton Battersby		"Biosynthesis of the pigments of life"
1985		Carlo Rubbia		"Unification of the electromagnetic and weak forces"
1986		Walter Heinrich Munk		"Acoustic monitoring of ocean gyres"
1987		Michael Victor Berry		"The semiclassical chaology of quantum eigenvalues"
1988		Walter Eric Spear		"Amorphous semiconductors, a new generation of electronic materials"
1989		Jack Lewis		"Cluster compounds, a new aspect of inorganic chemistry"
1990		John Meurig Thomas		"New microcrystalline catalysts"
1991		John Houghton		"The predictability of weather and climate"
1992		Thomas Benjamin		"The mystery of vortex breakdown"
1993		Hans Bethe	Alemanha/ Estados Unidos	"Mechanism of supernovae"
1994		John Polanyi		"Photochemistry in the adsorbed state, using light as a scalpel and a crystal as an operating table"
1995		Anthony Kelly		"Composites, towards intelligent materials design"
1996		Alastair Scott		"Genetically engineered synthesis of natural products"
1997		Steven Ley		"Sweet dreams: new strategies for oligosaccharide assembly"
1998		Richard Salisbury Ellis		"The morphological evolution of the galaxies"
1999		Peter Day		"The molecular chemistry of magnets and superconductors"
2000		Steve Sparks		"How volcanoes work"
2001		David Sherrington		"Magnets, microchips, memories and markets: statistical physics of complex systems"
2002		Arnold Wolfendale		"Cosmic rays: what are they and where do they come from?"
2003		Christopher Dobson		"Protein folding and misfolding: from theory to therapy"
2004		Michael Pepper		"Semiconductor nanostructures and new quantum effects"
2005		John Pendry		"Negative refraction, the perfect lens and metamaterials"
2006		Athene Donald		"The mesoscopic world - from plastic bags to brain disease - structural similarities in physics"
2007		Joseph Silk		"The dark side of the Universe"
2008		Robin Clark		"Raman microscopy, pigments and the arts/science interface"
2009		James Murray	Escócia	"Mathematics in the real world: From brain tumours to saving marriages"
2010		Donal Bradley	Reino Unido	"Plastic electronics: their science and applications"[1]
2011		Herbert Huppert		"Carbon storage: caught between a rock and climate change"[2]
2012		Peter Edwards		"Metals and the conducting and superconducting states of matter"[3]
2013		David Leigh		"Making the tiniest machines"[4]
2014		Lynn Gladden for the development of magnetic resonance techniques to study multi-component adsorption, diffusion, flow and reaction processes [4]		""
2015		John Ellis		""
2016		Andrea Ghez		""
2017		Andy Hopper		""

Referências

1. http://royalsociety.org/Event_WF.aspx?pageid=4294970019&terms=bakerian
2. http://royalsociety.org/events/Bakerian2011/
3. http://royalsociety.org/events/2012/metals/
4. «Bakerian Lecture n- Royal Society». Royal Scociety. Consultado em 16 de setembro de 2013