Spainie

Spainie or Spain (Spainish: España, [esˈpaɲa] ( listen)), offeecialy il the Kinrick o Spainie (Reino de España),^[a][b] is a kintra maistly locatit on the Iberie Peninsula in Europe. The kintra's mainland is mairchit tae the sooth an east bi the Mediterranean Sea except for a smaw laund boondar wi Gibraltar; tae the north an northeast bi Fraunce, Andorrae, an the Bay o Biscay; an tae the wast an northwast bi Portugal an the Atlantic Ocean. Spaingie territory includes twa muckle airchipelagaes, the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea an the Canary Islands aff the African Atlantic coast, twa ceeties, Ceuta an Melilla, on the African mainland an several smaw islands in the Alboran Sea near the African coast. Spain is the anerly European kintra tae hae a mairch wi an African kintra (Morocco)^[h]

Kinrik o Spainie Reino de España[a][b]
Banner Coat o airms
Motto: "Plus Ultra" (Laitin) "Further Ayont"
Anthem: "Marcha Real"[2] "Ryal Mairch"
Location o  Spainie  (dark green) – on the European continent  (green & dark grey) – in the European Union  (green)  —  [Legend]
Caipital and largest city	Madrid 40°26′N 3°42′W
Offeecial leid an naitional leid	Spaingie[c]
Recognised regional leids[c]	Aragonese Asturian Basque Catalan Galicie Occitan
Ethnic groups (2015)	89.9% Spaingie 10.1% ithers
Demonym(s)	Spaingie Spaniard
Govrenment	Unitary pairlamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch	Felipe VI
• Prime Meenister	Mariano Rajoy
Legislatur	Cortes Generales
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	Congress o Deputies
Formation
Aurie
• Total	505,990[4] km2 (195,360 sq mi) (52nt)
• Water (%)	1.04
Population
• 2015 estimate	46,439,864[5][d] (30t)
• 2011 census	46,815,916[7]
• Density	92/km2 (238.3/sq mi) (106t)
GDP (PPP)	2014 estimate
• Total	$1.619 trillion[8] (16t)
• Per capita	$34,899[8] (32nt)
GDP (nominal)	2014 estimate
• Tot	$1.230 trillion[8] (14t)
• Per capita	$26,517[8] (28t)
Gini (2013)	33.7[9] medium
HDI (2013)	0.869[10] verra heich · 27t
Currency	Euro[e] (€) (EUR)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET[f])
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST[f])
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy (CE)
Drivin side	right
Cawin code	+34
ISO 3166 code	ES
Internet TLD	.es[g]

Territorial organization

Wi an aurie o 505,990 km² (195,360 sq mi), Spain is the lairgest kintra in Soothren Europe, the seicont lairgest kintra in Wastren Europe an the European Union, an the fowert lairgest kintra in the European continent. Bi population, Spain is the saxt lairgest in Europe an the fift in the European Union. Spain's caipital an lairgest ceety is Madrid; ither major urban auries include Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Bilbao an Málaga.

Modren humans first arrivit in the Iberie Peninsula aroond 35,000 year ago. Iberie culturs alang wi auncient Phoenicie, Greek an Carthaginian dounsets developit on the peninsula till it cam unner Roman rule aroond 200 BCE, efter that the region wis namit Hispania, based on the earlier Phoenicie name Sp(a)n or Spania.^[11] At the end o the Wastren Roman Empire the Germanic tribal confederations migratit frae Central Europe, invadit the Iberian peninsula an established relatively independent realms in its wastren provinces, includin the Sueves, Alans an Vandals. Eventually, the Visigoths wad forcibly integrate aw remeenin unthirlt territories in the peninsula, includin Byzantine provinces, intae the Kinrick o Toledo, that mair or less unifee'd poleetically, ecclesiastically an legally aw the umwhile Roman provinces or successor kinricks o that wis then documentit as Hispanie.

In the late aicht century the Visigothic kinrick fell tae the Moors, that ruled maist o the peninsula for the next seiven centuries, leavin anerly a haundful o smaw Christian realms in the north. Follaein the Moorish conquest, Europeans begoud a gradual process o retakkin the region kent as the Reconquista,^[12] that bi the late 15t century culminatit in the emergence o Spain as a unifee'd kintra unner the Catholic Monarchs. In the early modren period, Spain becam ane o history's first global empires, leavin a vast cultural an lingueestic legacy that includes ower 500 million Hispanophones, makkin Spaingie the warld's seicont maist spoken native leid, efter Mandarin Cheenese.

Spain is a secular pairlamentar democracy an constitutional monarchy,^[13] wi King Felipe VI as heid o state. It is a major developit kintra^[14] wi the warld's fowerteent lairgest economy bi nominal GDP an saxteent lairgest bi purchasin pouer parity. It is a member o the Unitit Naitions (UN), the European Union (EU), the Eurozone, the Cooncil o Europe (CoE), the Organisation o Ibero-American States (OEI), the Union for the Mediterranean, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation an Development (OECD), OSCE, the Schengen Aurie, the Warld Tred Organisation (WTO) an mony ither internaitional organisations. Spain hars a "permanent invitation" tae the G20 summits that occur generally ance a year.

Notes

1. The Spaingie Constitution daes nae establish ony offeecial name for Spain, even thou the terms España (Spain), Estado español (Spaingie State) an Nación española (Spaingie Naition) are uised throoghoot the document. Nanetheless, the Spaingie Meenistry o Foreign Affairs established in an ordinance published in 1984 that the denominations España (Spain) an Reino de España (Kinrik o Spainie) are equally valid tae designate Spain in internaitional treaties. This term, Kinrik o Spainie, is widely uised bi the govrenment in naitional an internaitional affairs o aw kinds, includin foreign treaties as well as naitional offeecial documents, an is tharefore recognised as the offeecial name bi mony internaitional organisations.^[1]
2. In Spain, ither leids hae been offeecially recognised as legitimate autochthonous (regional) leids unner the European Chairter for Regional or Minority Leids. In each o these, Spain's offeecial name (Spaingie: Reino de España, pronooncit: [ˈreino ð(e) esˈpaɲa]) is as follaes:

   • Aragonese: Reino d'Espanya, IPA: [ˈreino ðesˈpaɲa]
   • Asturian: Reinu d'España, IPA: [ˈreinu ðesˈpaɲa]
   • Basque: Espainiako Erresuma, IPA: [es̺paɲiako eres̺uma]
   • Catalan: Regne d'Espanya, IPA: [ˈreŋnə dəsˈpaɲə]
     • Valencian: [ˈreŋne desˈpaɲa]
   • Galician: Reino de España, IPA: [ˈreino ð(e) esˈpaɲɐ]
   • Occitan: Reiaume d'Espanha, IPA: [reˈjawme ðesˈpaɲɔ]
3. The offeecial Spaingie leid o the State is established in the Section 3 o the Spaingie Constitution o 1978 tae be Castilian.^[3] In some autonomous commonties, Catalan, Galicie an Basque are co-offeecial leids. Aragonese an Asturian hae some degree o offeecial recogneetion.
4. As of January 2015, Spain's population was estimated at 46,439,864. In the same month the number of citizens with Spanish citizenship reached 44,175,055 (41,992,012 being permanent residents in Spain and 2,183,043 being national abroads). The number of foreigners (i.e. immigrants, ex-pats and refugees) permanently living in Spain was estimated to be at 4,447,852 (10.1%) in 2015.^[6]
5. The Peseta afore 2002.
6. Except the Canary Islands, which observe UTC+0 (WET) an UTC+1 (WEST) durin simmer time.
7. The .eu domain is also uised, as it is shared wi ither European Union member states. An aa, the .cat domain is uised in Catalan-speakin territories.
8. See leet o transcontinental kintras.