Ulusal varlık fonu

Ulusal varlık fonu (UVF) (İngilizce: Sovereign wealth fund (SWF)), cari işlemler fazlası veren ülkelerin yabancı para rezervlerindeki artışın yarattığı bir değerlendirme arayışından doğan bir kavram olup, basit anlamda, bir havuz oluşturan söz konusu rezervlerle finanse edilen devlet kontrolündeki yatırım kurumları olarak tanımlanmaktadır.^[1] Türkçede henüz tam kabul görmüş bir çevirisi olmayan bu kavram, çeşitli kaynaklarda bağımsız varlık fonları, ulusal yatırım fonları, ülke yatırım fonları, devlet refah fonları veya kısaca ulusal fonlar olarak adlandırılabilmektedir.^[2]

1 milyar dolarlık Sovereign Wealth Fund ilk yatırımı Yıllık %15 bileşik faiz.

İlk 1 milyar dolarlık yatırımda %1,5 temettü ödemesi 40 yılda toplam 26,7 milyar dolar temettü ödemesi Temettüler yeniden yatırılmamıştır ve hükûmet için gelir olarak kullanılabilir.

En büyük ulusal varlık fonları

Ülke Kısaltma Fon Varlık (Milyar $)[3] Başlangıç Köken Norveç GPF Government Pension Fund - Global &0000000000000871.100000871,1[4] 1990 Petrol Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri    Abu Dabi ADIA Abu Dhabi Investment Authority &0000000000000792.000000792 1976 Petrol Çin CIC China Investment Corporation &0000000000000746.700000746,7 2007 Mal dışı Suudi Arabistan SAMA SAMA Foreign Holdings &0000000000000598.400000598,4 1952 Petrol Kuveyt KIA Kuwait Investment Authority &0000000000000592.000000592 1953 Petrol Çin SAFE SAFE Investment Company &0000000000000474.000000474 1997 Mal dışı Hong Kong HKMA Hong Kong Monetary Authority Investment Portfolio &0000000000000442.400000442,4 1993 Mal dışı Singapur GIC Government of Singapore Investment Corporation &0000000000000344.000000344 1981 Mal dışı Türkiye TVF Türkiye Varlık Fonu 302[5] 2016 Doğal kaynaklar & emtia Katar QIA Katar Yatırım Otoritesi &0000000000000256.000000256 2003 Petrol Çin NSSF National Social Security Fund &0000000000000236.000000236 2000 Mal dışı Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri    Dubai ICD Investment Corporation of Dubai &0000000000000196.000000196 2006 Petrol Singapur TH Temasek Holdings &0000000000000193.600000193,6 1974 Mal dışı Suudi Arabistan PIF/Sanabil Public Investment Fund ve Sanabil Investments[6] &0000000000000160.000000160 2008 Petrol Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri    Abu Dabi ADIC Abu Dhabi Investment Council &0000000000000110.000000110 2007 Petrol Avustralya AFF Future Fund[7] &0000000000000095.00000095 2006 Mal dışı Güney Kore KIC Korea Investment Corporation &0000000000000091.80000091,8 2005 Mal dışı Kazakistan S-K JSC Samruk-Kazına JSC &0000000000000085.10000085,1 2008 Mal dışı Kazakistan KNF Kazakhstan National Fund &0000000000000077.00000077 2000 Petrol Rusya RNWF Rusya Milli Servet Fonu &0000000000000073.50000073,5 2008 Petrol Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri    Abu Dabi IPIC International Petroleum Investment Company &0000000000000066.30000066,3 1984 Petrol Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri    Abu Dabi MDC Mubadala Development Company &0000000000000066.30000066,3 2002 Petrol Libya LIA Libyan Investment Authority &0000000000000066.00000066 2006 Petrol Rusya RRF Russian Reserve Fund &0000000000000065.70000065,7 2008 Petrol İran NDF National Development Fund &0000000000000062.00000062 1999 Petrol ABD    Alaska APF Alaska Permanent Fund[8] &0000000000000053.90000053,9 1976 Petrol Cezayir RRF Revenue Regulation Fund &0000000000000050.00000050 2000 Petrol Brunei BIA Brunei Investment Agency &0000000000000040.00000040 1983 Petrol ABD     Teksas PSF Permanent School Fund &0000000000000037.70000037,7[9][10] 1854 Kamu arazileri Azerbaycan SOFAZ State Oil Fund of the Republic of Azerbaijan 7 Ağustos 2016 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi. &0000000000000037.30000037,3 1999 Petrol Malezya KN Khazanah Nasional &0000000000000034.90000034,9 1993 Mal dışı Umman SGRF State General Reserve Fund &0000000000000034.00000034 1980 Petrol & Benzin Fransa SIF Strategic Investment Fund &0000000000000025.50000025,5 2008 Mal dışı İrlanda NPRF National Pensions Reserve Fund &0000000000000023.50000023,5 2001 Mal dışı Yeni Zelanda NZSF New Zealand Superannuation Fund &0000000000000020.20000020,2 2003 Mal dışı ABD    New Mexico NMSIC New Mexico State Investment Council &0000000000000019.80000019,8 1958 Mal dışı Kanada    Alberta AHSTF Alberta Heritage Savings Trust Fund[11] &0000000000000017.50000017,5 1976 Petrol ABD     Teksas PUF Permanent University Fund &0000000000000017.20000017,2[12] 1876 Kamu arazileri Doğu Timor TLPF Timor-Leste Petroleum Fund &0000000000000016.90000016,9 2005 Petrol & Benzin Şili SESF Social and Economic Stabilization Fund &0000000000000015.20000015,2 2007 Bakır Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri    (Federal) EIA Emirates Investment Authority &0000000000000015.00000015 2007 Petrol Rusya RDIF Russian Direct Investment Fund &0000000000000013.00000013 2011 Mal dışı Finlandiya - Solidium &0000000000000011.50000011,5[13] 2008 Mal dışı Bahreyn MHC Mumtalakat Holding Company &0000000000000011.10000011,1 2006 Petrol Peru FSF Fiscal Stabilization Fund &0000000000000009.2000009,2 1999 Mal dışı Şili PRF Pension Reserve Fund &0000000000000007.9000007,9 2006 Bakır Meksika ORSFM Oil Revenues Stabilization Fund of Mexico &0000000000000006.0000006 2000 Petrol Umman OIF Oman Investment Fund &0000000000000006.0000006 2006 Petrol İtalya ISF Italian Strategic Fund &0000000000000006.0000006 2011 Mal dışı Botsvana PF Pula Fund &0000000000000005.7000005,7 1996 Elmas & Mineraller ABD    Wyoming PWMTF Permanent Wyoming Mineral Trust Fund &0000000000000005.6000005,6 1974 Mineraller Trinidad & Tobago HSF Heritage and Stabilization Fund &0000000000000005.5000005,5 2007 Petrol Brezilya SFB Sovereign Fund of Brazil &0000000000000005.3000005,3 2008 Mal dışı Çin CADF China-Africa Development Fund &0000000000000005.0000005 2007 Mal dışı Angola FSDEA Fundo Soberano de Angola &0000000000000005.0000005 2012 Petrol ABD    Kuzey Dakota NDLF North Dakota Legacy Fund &0000000000000003.2000003,2 2011 Petrol & Benzin ABD    Alabama ATF Alabama Trust Fund &0000000000000002.5000002,5 1985 Petrol & Benzin Kazakistan NIC National Investment Corporation &0000000000000002.0000002 2012 Petrol Nijerya    (Bayelsa Eyaleti) BDIC Bayelsa Development and Investment Corporation &0000000000000001.5000001,5 2012 Mal dışı Nijerya NSIA Nigeria Sovereign Investment Authority &0000000000000001.4000001,4 2011 Petrol ABD    Louisiana LEQTF Louisiana Education Quality Trust Fund &0000000000000001.3000001,3 1986 Petrol & Benzin Panama FAP Fondo de Ahorro de Panama &0000000000000001.2000001,2 2012 Mal dışı Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri    Resü'l-Hayme RIA RAKIA &0000000000000001.2000001,2 2005 Hükûmet kredileri Bolivya FINPRO Fund for Productive Industrial Revolution &0000000000000001.2000001,2 2012 Mal dışı ABD    Oregon CSF Oregon Common School Fund &0000000000000001.2000001,2[14] 1859 Kamu arazileri Senegal SSIF Senegal Strategic Investment Fund - FONSIS &0000000000000001.0000001 2012 Mal dışı Irak DFI Development Fund for Iraq &0000000000000000.9000000,9 2003 Petrol Filistin PIF Palestine Investment Fund &0000000000000000.8000000,8 2003 Mal dışı Venezuela FEM FEM - Macroeconomic Stabilization Fund &0000000000000000.8000000,8 1998 Petrol Kiribati RERF Revenue Equalization Reserve Fund &0000000000000000.6000000,6 1956 Fosfat Vietnam SCIC State Capital Investment Corporation &0000000000000000.5000000,5 2006 Mal dışı Ghana GPF Ghana Petroleum Funds &0000000000000000.4500000,45 2011 Petrol Gabon GSWF Sovereign Fund of the Gabonese Republic &0000000000000000.4000000,4 1998 Petrol Endonezya GIU Government Investment Unit of Indonesia (Pusat Investasi Pemerintah (PIP)) &0000000000000000.3000000,3 2006 Mal dışı Moritanya NFHR National Fund for Hydrocarbon Reserves &0000000000000000.3000000,3 2006 Petrol & Benzin Avustralya    Batı Avustralya WAFF Western Australian Future Fund &0000000000000000.3000000,3 2012 Mineraller Moğolistan FSF Fiscal Stability Fund &0000000000000000.3000000,3 2011 Mining Ekvator Ginesi FFG Fund for Future Generations &-1000000000000000.0800000,08 2002 Petrol Papua Yeni Gine PNGSWF Papua New Guinea Sovereign Wealth Fund X 2011 Benzin Türkmenistan TSF Turkmenistan Stabilization Fund X 2008 Petrol & Benzin ABD    Batı Virjinya WVFF West Virginia Future Fund X 2014 Petrol & Benzin Meksika FMP Fondo Mexicano del Petroleo para la Estabilizacion y el Desarrollo X 2014 Petrol & Benzin