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专属经济区
聯合國海洋邊界 来自维基百科,自由的百科全书
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专属经济区(英语:exclusive economic zone,缩写为EEZ),又称经济海域,是指国际海洋法中为解决国家或地区之间的因海域争端而提出的一个区域概念。专属经济区是指领海以外并邻接领海的一个区域,从测算领海宽度的基线量起,不应超过二百海里(370.4公里),并除去离另一个国家更近的海域。专属经济区所属国家具有勘探、开发、使用、养护、管理海床和底土及其上覆水域自然资源的权利,对人工设施的建造使用、科研、环保等的权利。其它国家仍然享有航行和飞越的自由,以及与这些自由有关的其他符合国际法的用途(铺设海底电缆、管道等)。该国对其专属经济区的渔业资源和矿产资源拥有开发利用或准许它国利用的专有权。经济海域并非领土或领海的范畴,却是一国的主权权利的延伸。

联合国1982年第三次海洋法会议做出《联合国海洋法公约》决议,对于专属经济区有详细规定。该公约已有160国批准签署,目前仅有美国、朝鲜、伊朗、泰国、利比亚等国尚未批准。
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目前有关国家宣示情况

一般而言,海权大国或海岛国、仍保留众多属岛的前殖民大国,容易获得较大的专属经济区的宣示空间。如美国在两大洋本土两侧及太平洋、大西洋上拥有如夏威夷、阿拉斯加、关岛、塞班等属土,英国及法国则利用其在太平洋、大西洋及印度洋上之属岛,宣示了极大的专属经济区,分别为全球第五及第一。澳洲为四面环海之岛型大陆,除与巴布亚新几内亚、新西兰临接处外,亦可宣示庞大之经济区。
更多信息 序号, 国家 ...
| 序号 | 国家 | 经济区 | 大陆架 | 经济区 +大陆架 领土 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11,691,000 | 389,422 | 12,080,422 | |
| 2 | 11,351,000 | 2,193,526 | 21,814,306 | |
| 3 | 8,505,348 | 2,194,008 | 16,197,464 | |
| 4 | 7,566,673 | 3,817,843 | 24,664,915 | |
| 5 | 6,805,586 | 722,891 | 7,048,486 | |
| 6 | 6,159,032 | 2,039,381 | 8,063,601 | |
| 7 | 5,599,077 | 2,644,795 | 15,607,077 | |
| 8 | 4,479,388 | 454,976 | 4,857,318 | |
| 9 | 4,083,744 | 277,610 | 4,352,424 | |
| 10 | 3,879,666[1][2] | 831,340 | 13,520,487 | |
| 11 | 3,681,989 | 252,947 | 4,431,381 | |
| 12 | 3,660,955 | 774,563 | 12,175,832 | |
| 13 | 3,441,810 | 7,523 | 3,442,536 | |
| 14 | 3,269,386 | 419,102 | 5,141,968 | |
| 15 | 2,996,419 | 19,403 | 2,997,121 | |
| 16 | 2,551,238 | 495,657 | 4,761,811 | |
| 17 | 2,402,288 | 191,256 | 2,865,128 | |
| 18 | 2,385,178 | 434,020 | 2,770,404 | |
| 19 | 2,305,143 | 402,996 | 5,592,406 | |
| 20 | 1,990,530 | 18,411 | 1,990,711 | |
| 21 | 1,727,408 | 92,090 | 3,969,498 | |
| 22 | 1,590,780 | 272,921 | 1,890,780 | |
| 23 | 1,589,477 | 36,282 | 1,618,373 | |
| 24 | 1,535,538 | 156,337 | 2,756,575 | |
| 25 | 1,336,559 | 39,063 | 1,337,014 | |
| 26 | 1,284,997 | 29,061 | 1,287,037 | |
| 27 | 1,282,978 | 47,705 | 1,301,250 | |
| 28 | 1,225,259 | 101,505 | 1,812,300 | |
| 29 | 1,159,063 | 856,346 | 3,939,463 | |
| 30 | 1,077,231 | 41,034 | 1,333,600 | |
| 31 | 1,039,233 | 77,920 | 1,545,225 | |
| 32 | 923,322 | 34,538 | 923,622 | |
| 33 | 906,454 | 82,000 | 2,191,670 | |
| 34 | 825,052 | 55,895 | 1,462,709 | |
| 35 | 808,158 | 53,691 | 1,949,906 | |
| 36 | 800,561 | 5,591 | 804,594 | |
| 37 | 751,345 | 108,015 | 854,345 | |
| 38 | 749,790 | 3,575 | 749,816 | |
| 39 | 663,251 | 11,483 | 675,440 | |
| 40 | 659,558 | 8,517 | 660,305 | |
| 41 | 654,715 | 106,323 | 668,658 | |
| 42 | 603,978 | 2,837 | 604,437 | |
| 43 | 578,986 | 94,212 | 1,380,576 | |
| 44 | 575,230 | 115,157 | 1,287,780 | |
| 45 | 574,725 | 19,585 | 625,825 | |
| 46 | 564,748 | 86,698 | 1,388,864 | |
| 47 | 552,669 | 59,229 | 1,080,637 | |
| 48 | 541,915 | 116,834 | 843,251 | |
| 49 | 533,180 | 59,071 | 842,680 | |
| 50 | 532,775 | 220,332 | 1,209,353 | |
| 51 | 532,619 | 32,453 | 598,229 | |
| 52 | 518,433 | 48,092 | 1,765,133 | |
| 53 | 505,572 | 81,451 | 637,529 | |
| 54 | 475,469 | 292,522 | 575,469 | |
| 55 | 471,507 | 98,500 | 1,387,950 | |
| 56 | 417,663 | 365,198 | 748,875 | |
| 57 | 410,310 | 139,935 | 480,583 | |
| 58 | 351,589 | 64,763 | 2,111,129 | |
| 59 | 350,751 | 61,525 | 460,637 | |
| 60 | 335,646 | 53,404 | 411,163 | |
| 61 | 334,671 | 323,412 | 665,474 | |
| 62 | 308,480 | 41 | 308,501 | |
| 63 | 303,509 | 7,820 | 331,560 | |
| 64 | 299,397 | 230,063 | 812,517 | |
| 65 | 263,451 | 61,591 | 1,265,451 | |
| 66 | 261,654 | 56,093 | 1,045,216 | |
| 67 | 258,137 | 9,802 | 269,128 | |
| 68 | 255,898 | 10,738 | 304,569 | |
| 69 | 249,734 | 17,715 | 361,103 | |
| 70 | 249,542 | 68,718 | 362,034 | |
| 71 | 241,888 | 25,611 | 1,186,975 | |
| 72 | 235,999 | 51,383 | 1,117,911 | |
| 73 | 235,349 | 22,502 | 473,888 | |
| 74 | 228,633 | 107,249 | 2,378,323 | |
| 75 | 217,313 | 42,285 | 1,141,081 | |
| 76 | 215,611 | 28,625 | 287,351 | |
| 77 | 202,790 | 35,020 | 470,458 | |
| 78 | 186,898 | 426 | 187,328 | |
| 79 | 176,254 | 10,175 | 498,717 | |
| 80 | 168,718 | 118,693 | 1,797,468 | |
| 81 | 165,338 | 31,662 | 1,190,858 | |
| 82 | 163,752 | 1,526 | 165,987 | |
| 83 | 160,885 | 154,604 | 602,255 | |
| 84 | 158,861 | 23,092 | 355,583 | |
| 85 | 154,011 | 77,246 | 192,345 | |
| 86 | 147,318 | 79,142 | 750,818 | |
| 87 | 142,166 | 75,327 | 318,381 | |
| 88 | 137,765 | 50,578 | 352,734 | |
| 89 | 132,826 | 54,566 | 253,364 | |
| 90 | 131,397 | 1,902 | 132,361 | |
| 91 | 127,950 | 2,087 | 130,781 | |
| 92 | 127,772 | 53,631 | 291,592 | |
| 93 | 126,760 | 6,683 | 154,510 | |
| 94 | 126,353 | 9,985 | 2,508,094 | |
| 95 | 123,881 | 70,874 | 254,254 | |
| 96 | 123,725 | 39,339 | 159,850 | |
| 97 | 116,942 | 11,073 | 697,309 | |
| 98 | 114,170 | 14,422 | 223,059 | |
| 99 | 110,089 | 4,128 | 110,531 | |
| 100 | 101,857 | 67,126 | 265,467 | |
| 101 | 98,707 | 4,042 | 107,958 | |
| 102 | 90,962 | 16,852 | 112,003 | |
| 103 | 87,171 | 85,109 | 425,590 | |
| 104 | 86,392 | 66,438 | 230,390 | |
| 105 | 83,231 | 43,016 | 119,419 | |
| 106 | 77,728 | 61,817 | 195,328 | |
| 107 | 74,199 | 25,284 | 79,329 | |
| 108 | 70,326 | 25,648 | 85,200 | |
| 109 | 68,148 | 19,827 | 1,954,216 | |
| 110 | 62,515 | 62,515 | 243,550 | |
| 111 | 59,426 | 44,755 | 305,283 | |
| 112 | 59,032 | 50,277 | 115,626 | |
| 113 | 58,218 | 57,474 | 141,818 | |
| 114 | 57,485 | 57,485 | 414,599 | |
| 115 | 54,823 | 5,301 | 55,139 | |
| 116 | 36,992 | 36,992 | 82,219 | |
| 117 | 36,302 | 1,561 | 36,691 | |
| 118 | 35,351 | 13,178 | 58,317 | |
| 119 | 34,307 | 10,426 | 145,186 | |
| 120 | 33,221 | 2,721 | 145,843 | |
| 121 | 31,590 | 31,590 | 43,176 | |
| 122 | 31,017 | 7,982 | 373,017 | |
| 123 | 29,797 | 29,797 | 342,482 | |
| 124 | 28,985 | 659 | 29,736 | |
| 125 | 28,452 | 27,772 | 93,011 | |
| 126 | 27,426 | 2,237 | 27,770 | |
| 127 | 26,352 | 3,745 | 48,424 | |
| 128 | 23,627 | 19,303 | 262,018 | |
| 129 | 23,112 | 5,581 | 34,407 | |
| 130 | 21,946 | 3,243 | 91,646 | |
| 131 | 19,516 | 1,067 | 29,968 | |
| 132 | 16,547 | 11,420 | 491,989 | |
| 133 | 15,617 | 544 | 16,156 | |
| 134 | 13,691 | 6,979 | 42,439 | |
| 135 | 12,045 | 1,265 | 68,830 | |
| 136 | 11,026 | 11,026 | 28,844 | |
| 137 | 10,503 | 1,085 | 195,683 | |
| 138 | 10,225 | 10,225 | 10,975 | |
| 139 | 10,090 | 8,509 | 15,855 | |
| 140 | 9,974 | 653 | 10,235 | |
| 141 | 7,745 | 3,896 | 21,557 | |
| 142 | 7,459 | 3,187 | 30,659 | |
| 143 | 7,031 | 7,031 | 72,331 | |
| 144 | 3,447 | 3,447 | 33,975 | |
| 145 | 1,606 | 1,593 | 2,346,464 | |
| 146 | 1,067 | 1,067 | 1,772 | |
| 147 | 771 | 771 | 439,088 | |
| 148 | 288 | 290 | ||
| 149 | 256 | 256 | 6,276 | |
| 150 | 220 | 220 | 20,493 | |
| 151 | 166 | 59 | 89,508 | |
| 152 | 50 | 50 | 51,259 | |
| – | 2,724,900 | |||
| – | 1,564,100 | |||
| – | 1,284,000 | |||
| – | 1,267,000 | |||
| – | 1,240,192 | |||
| – | 1,104,300 | |||
| – | 1,098,581 | |||
| – | 752,612 | |||
| – | 652,090 | |||
| – | 622,984 | |||
| – | 619,745 | |||
| – | 582,000 | |||
| – | 488,100 | |||
| – | 447,400 | |||
| – | 406,752 | |||
| – | 390,757 | |||
| – | 274,222 | |||
| – | 241,038 | |||
| – | 236,800 | |||
| – | 207,600 | |||
| – | 199,951 | |||
| – | 147,181 | |||
| – | 143,100 | |||
| – | 118,484 | |||
| – | 93,028 | |||
| – | 86,600 | |||
| – | 83,871 | |||
| – | 78,867 | |||
| – | 77,474 | |||
| – | 49,035 | |||
| – | 41,284 | |||
| – | 38,394 | |||
| – | 33,846 | |||
| – | 30,355 | |||
| – | 29,743 | |||
| – | 27,834 | |||
| – | 26,338 | |||
| – | 25,713 | |||
| – | 17,364 | |||
| – | 10,887 | |||
| – | 2,586 | |||
| – | 468 | |||
| – | 160 | |||
| – | 61 | |||
| – | 0.44 | |||
| 总计 | 137,273,110 | 25,153,541 | 274,239,014 |
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