The year 1930 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
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- January 9 – Jacob T. Schwartz (died 2009), American mathematician and professor of computer science at the New York University Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences.
- January 13 – Harold Furth (died 2002), Austrian-born expert in plasma physics and nuclear fusion.
- January 20 – Buzz Aldrin, American astronaut, lunar module pilot on Apollo 11.
- February 7 – Ikutaro Kakehashi (died 2017), Japanese electronic music engineer.
- February 23 – Goro Shimura (died 2019), Japanese mathematician.
- February 28 – Leon Cooper, American physicist and Nobel Prize winner.
- March 15 – Martin Karplus, Austrian-born theoretical chemist and Nobel Prize winner.
- April 9 – Nathaniel Branden (died 2014), Canadian American psychotherapist.
- April 16 – Louis Herman (died 2016), American marine biologist, investigator in animal communication.
- April 20 – Gordon Hamilton Fairley (killed 1975), British oncologist.
- May 9 – Susan Leeman, American neuroendocrinologist.
- May 11 – Edsger W. Dijkstra (died 2002), Dutch computer scientist.
- May 28 – Frank Drake (died 2022), American radio astronomer, pioneer in SETI
- June 2 – Pete Conrad (died 1999), American astronaut.
- June 22 – Yury Artyukhin (died 1998), Soviet Russian cosmonaut.
- June 28 – William C. Campbell, Irish-born parasitologist and Nobel Prize winner.
- August 5 – Neil Armstrong (died 2012), American astronaut, first person to walk on the Moon.
- August 7 – Joe Farman (died 2013), British geophysicist working for the British Antarctic Survey.
- September 7 – Yuan Longping (died 2021), Chinese agronomist.
- September 12 – Akira Suzuki, Japanese chemist and Nobel Prize winner.
- September 24 – John Young (died 2018), American astronaut.
- October 10 – Yves Chauvin (died 2015), Belgian-born chemist and Nobel Prize winner.
- October 17 – Robert Atkins (died 2003), American nutritionist.
- October 27 – Gladys West, née Gladys Mae Brown, African American mathematician.
- October 31 – Michael Collins (died 2021), American astronaut.
- November 11 – Mildred Dresselhaus, née Spiewak (died 2017), American nanotechnologist.
- November 14 – Ed White (died in training accident 1967), American astronaut.[11]
- December 17 – Dorothy Rowe, née Conn (died 2019), Australian psychologist.
- December 30
Carles, J. (1939). "Les lentilles" [Lentils]. Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon (in French). 8 (6): 146–153. Retrieved 2019-01-27. Nous utilisons le remarquable ouvrage d'Helena BARULINA: Lentils of U.S.S.R. and of other countries, 1930...Le spécialiste des Lentilles est Mme Helena BARULINA. Dés 1930, elle publiait, en supplément au Bulletin of Applied Botany, un volume de plus de 300 pages sur les Lentilles (Lentils of U.S.S.R. and of other countries) quelle a résumé, en 1937, dans le tome IV de la Flore des Plantes cultivées.
Struve, Vasilij Vasil'evič; Turaev, Boris (1930). "Mathematischer Papyrus des Staatlichen Museums der Schönen Künste in Moskau". Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte der Mathematik; Abteilung A. Vol. 1. Berlin: Springer.