The year 1940 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
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- January 8
- April 1 – Wangari Maathai, née Muta (died 2011), Kenyan biologist and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize.
- April 18 – Joseph L. Goldstein, American biochemist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
- May 17 – Alan Kay, American computer scientist and winner of the Turing Award.
- June 1 – Kip Thorne, American gravitational physicist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics.
- June 5 – Dickson Despommier, American microbiologist, ecologist and Professor of Public health in Environmental Health Sciences at Columbia University.
- June 22 – Daniel Quillen (died 2011), American mathematician.
- July 15 – Stephen Jacobsen (died 2016), American bioengineer and roboticist.
- July 30 – Clive Sinclair (died 2021), English inventor.
- September 12 – Joachim Frank, German-born biophysicist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
- September 26 – Louise Johnson (died 2012), British biochemist and protein crystallographer.
- November 20 – Arieh Warshel, Israeli-born winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
- November 26 – Enrico Bombieri, Italian-born mathematician.
- Judith Pipher, American astrophysicist.
- December 24 – Anthony Fauci, American physician-scientist and immunologist.
- March 9 – Robert Gunther (born 1869), English historian of science.
- April 13 – Pierre Marie (born 1853), French neurologist.
- April 29 – Edgar Buckingham (born 1867), American physicist.
- June 17 – Arthur Harden (born 1865), English biochemist and Nobel laureate in chemistry.
- June 21 – John T. Thompson (born 1860), American inventor.
- July 31 – Louis Charles Christopher Krieger (born 1873), American mycologist.
- August 30 – J. J. Thomson (born 1856), English physicist and Nobel laureate in physics.
- November 8 – Arthur Vierendeel (born 1852), Belgian civil engineer.
- November 17 – Raymond Pearl (born 1879), American biologist.
- December 16 – Eugène Dubois (born 1858), Dutch paleoanthropologist.
- December 17 – Alicia Boole Stott (born 1860) British mathematician.
Robertson, Patrick (1974). The Shell Book of Firsts. London: Ebury Press. p. 124.
Trossarelli, L. (2010). "the history of nylon". Club Alpino Italiano, Centro Studi Materiali e Tecniche. Archived from the original on 2012-04-25. Retrieved 2012-02-28.
Levi, F. W. (1942). Finite Geometrical Systems. University of Calcutta. MR 0006834.