<span class="mw-page-title-main">Courland</span>

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Courland

<p><b>Courland</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt"><a href="/en/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English" class="wl">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span>ˈ</span><span>k</span><span>ʊər</span><span>l</span><span>ə</span><span>n</span><span>d</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/en/Latvian_language" title="Latvian language" class="wl">Latvian</a><span>: </span><i lang="lv">Kurzeme</i>; <a href="/en/Livonian_language" title="Livonian language" class="wl">Livonian</a><span>: </span><i lang="liv">Kurāmō</i>; <a href="/en/German_language" title="German language" class="wl">German</a> and <a href="/en/North_Germanic_languages" title="North Germanic languages" class="wl">Scandinavian languages</a>: <i>Kurland</i>; <a href="/en/Latin_language" title="Latin language" class="mw-redirect wl">Latin</a><span>: </span><i lang="la">Curonia</i>/<span><i lang="la">Couronia</i></span>; <a href="/en/Russian_language" title="Russian language" class="wl">Russian</a><span>: </span><span>Курляндия</span>; <a href="/en/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language" class="wl">Finnish</a>: <i>Kuurinmaa</i>; <a href="/en/Estonian_language" title="Estonian language" class="wl">Estonian</a>: <i>Kuramaa</i>; <a href="/en/Lithuanian_language" title="Lithuanian language" class="wl">Lithuanian</a><span>: </span><i lang="lt">Kuršas</i>; <a href="/en/Polish_language" title="Polish language" class="wl">Polish</a><span>: </span><i lang="pl">Kurlandia</i>) is one of the <a href="/en/Historical_Latvian_Lands" title="Historical Latvian Lands" class="wl">Historical Latvian Lands</a> in western <a href="/en/Latvia" title="Latvia" class="wl">Latvia</a>. The name probably derives from <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/kurt#Latvian" title="wikt:kurt" class="extiw" target="_blank">kur̃t</a></i>, from <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷer-" title="wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kʷer-" class="extiw" target="_blank">kʷer-</a></i> (to do, to build). The largest city is <a href="/en/Liepāja" title="Liepāja" class="wl">Liepāja</a>, the third largest city in Latvia. The regions of <a href="/en/Semigallia" title="Semigallia" class="wl">Semigallia</a> and <a href="/en/Selonia" title="Selonia" class="wl">Selonia</a> are sometimes considered as part of Courland as they were formerly held by the same <a href="/en/Duchy_of_Courland_and_Semigallia" title="Duchy of Courland and Semigallia" class="wl">duke</a>.</p>

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<div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none" about="#mwt7">Place in Latvia</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066479718" typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559" typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><div class='mobile-collapse'><header class="mobile-collapse-header mobile-collapse-btn"><b>Quick facts: Courland
    KurzemeKurland, Country, First m...</b> <span class='arrow'>▼</span></header> <table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard mobile-collapse-element"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Courland</div>
    <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native">Kurzeme</div><div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name">Kurland</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span><a href="/en/File:Kurzeme_location_Latvia.svg" class="mw-file-description image media-thumb" title="Location of Courland in Latvia" data-hash="File:Kurzeme_location_Latvia.svg"><img loading="lazy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Kurzeme_location_Latvia.svg/250px-Kurzeme_location_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" data-file-width="1220" data-file-height="720" data-file-type="drawing" height="148" width="250" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Kurzeme_location_Latvia.svg/375px-Kurzeme_location_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Kurzeme_location_Latvia.svg/500px-Kurzeme_location_Latvia.svg.png 2x" alt="Kurzeme_location_Latvia.svg"></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Courland in Latvia</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610" typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style>
<div class="ib-settlement-cols">
<div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border"><a href="/en/File:Flag_of_Courland_(state).svg" class="mw-file-description image media-thumb" title="Flag of Courland" data-hash="File:Flag_of_Courland_(state).svg"><img loading="lazy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg.png" decoding="async" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="100" data-file-type="drawing" height="50" width="100" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg/200px-Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg.png 2x" alt="Flag_of_Courland_%28state%29.svg"></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/en/Flag_of_Courland" title="Flag of Courland" class="wl">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span><a href="/en/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Kurzeme.svg" class="mw-file-description image media-thumb" title="Coat of arms of Courland" data-hash="File:Coat_of_arms_of_Kurzeme.svg"><img loading="lazy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Coat_of_arms_of_Kurzeme.svg/84px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kurzeme.svg.png" decoding="async" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="475" data-file-type="drawing" height="100" width="84" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Coat_of_arms_of_Kurzeme.svg/126px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kurzeme.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Coat_of_arms_of_Kurzeme.svg/168px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kurzeme.svg.png 2x" alt="Coat_of_arms_of_Kurzeme.svg"></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/en/Coat_of_arms_of_Courland" title="Coat of arms of Courland" class="wl">Coat of arms</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r997900035" typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage"><a href="/en/File:Relief_Map_of_Latvia.jpg" class="mw-file-description image media-thumb" title="Courland is located in Latvia" data-hash="File:Relief_Map_of_Latvia.jpg"><img loading="lazy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Relief_Map_of_Latvia.jpg/250px-Relief_Map_of_Latvia.jpg" decoding="async" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="756" data-file-type="bitmap" height="158" width="250" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Relief_Map_of_Latvia.jpg/375px-Relief_Map_of_Latvia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Relief_Map_of_Latvia.jpg/500px-Relief_Map_of_Latvia.jpg 2x" alt="Relief_Map_of_Latvia.jpg"></a></span><div class="od" style="top:50%;left:18.519%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage"><span><img loading="lazy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" data-file-type="drawing" height="6" width="6" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" alt="Red_pog.svg"></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:4px"><div>Courland</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1073938472" typeof="mw:Extension/templatestyles">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="mw:ExtLink" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Courland&amp;params=57_0_0_N_22_0_0_E_region:LV_type:city" class="external text" target="_blank"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms"><span class="latitude">57°0′0″N</span> <span class="longitude">22°0′0″E</span></span></span></a></span><span style="font-size: small;"></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/en/Latvia" title="Latvia" class="wl">Latvia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First mention</th><td class="infobox-data">6th century</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/en/Kuldīga" title="Kuldīga" class="wl">Kuldīga</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <footer class='mobile-collapse-footer mobile-collapse-btn'><b>Close</b> <span class='arrow'>▲</span></footer></div>



Courland is one of the Historical Latvian Lands in western Latvia. The name probably derives from kur̃t, from kʷer- . The largest city is Liepāja, the third largest city in Latvia. The regions of Semigallia and Selonia are sometimes considered as part of Courland as they were formerly held by the same duke. 