Kangxi Emperor
3rd Emperor of the Qing dynasty (r. 1661–1722) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Kangxi Emperor (4 May 1654 – 20 December 1722), also known by his temple name Emperor Shengzu of Qing, born Aisin-Gioro Xuanye, was the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the second Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1661 to 1722.
| Kangxi Emperor 康熙帝 | |||||||||||||||||
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| Emperor of the Qing dynasty | |||||||||||||||||
| Reign | 5 February 1661 – 20 December 1722 | ||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor | Shunzhi Emperor | ||||||||||||||||
| Successor | Yongzheng Emperor | ||||||||||||||||
| Regents | Sonin (1661–1667) Ebilun (1661–1667) Suksaha (1661–1667) Oboi (1661–1669) | ||||||||||||||||
| Born | Aisin-Gioro Xuanye (愛新覺羅·玄燁) 4 May 1654 (順治十一年 三月 十八日) Jingren Palace, Forbidden City | ||||||||||||||||
| Died | 20 December 1722 (aged 68) (康熙六十一年 十一月 十三日) Qingxi Shuwu, Garden of Eternal Spring | ||||||||||||||||
| Burial | Jing Mausoleum, Eastern Qing tombs | ||||||||||||||||
| Wife | |||||||||||||||||
| Issue | Yunzhi Yunreng, Prince Limi of the First Rank Yunzhi, Prince Chengyin of the Second Rank Yongzheng Emperor Yunqi, Prince Hengwen of the First Rank Yunyou, Prince Chundu of the First Rank Yunsi Yuntang Yun'e Yuntao, Prince Lüyi of the First Rank Yinxiang, Prince Yixian of the First Rank Yunti, Prince Xunqin of the Second Rank Yunxu, Prince Yuke of the Second Rank Yunlu, Prince Zhuangke of the First Rank Yunli, Prince Guoyi of the First Rank Yunyi Yunxi, Prince Shenjing of the Second Rank Yunhu Yunqi Yunbi, Prince Xianke of the First Rank Princess Rongxian of the First Rank Princess Duanjing of the Second Rank Princess Kejing of the First Rank Princess Wenxian of the First Rank Princess Chunque of the First Rank Princess Wenke of the Second Rank Princess Quejing of the Second Rank Princess Dunke of the Second Rank | ||||||||||||||||
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| House | Aisin Gioro | ||||||||||||||||
| Dynasty | Qing | ||||||||||||||||
| Father | Shunzhi Emperor | ||||||||||||||||
| Mother | Empress Xiaokangzhang | ||||||||||||||||
| Kangxi Emperor | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Chinese name | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese | 康熙帝 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | Emperor of the Era of Health and Glory | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Mongolian name | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mongolian Cyrillic | ᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ Энх амгалан хаан | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Manchu name | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Manchu script | ᡝᠯᡥᡝ ᡨᠠᡳᡶᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡩᡳ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Möllendorff | Elhe Taifin Hūwangdi | ||||||||||||||||||||||
The Kangxi Emperor's reign of 61 years makes him the longest-reigning emperor in Chinese history (although his grandson, the Qianlong Emperor, had the longest period of de facto power, ascending as an adult and maintaining effective power until his death) and one of the longest-reigning rulers in history.[1] However, since he ascended the throne at the age of seven, actual power was held for six years by four regents and his grandmother, the Grand Empress Dowager Zhaosheng.[2]
The Kangxi Emperor is considered one of China's greatest emperors.[3] He suppressed the Revolt of the Three Feudatories, forced the Kingdom of Tungning in Taiwan and assorted Mongol rebels in the North and Northwest to submit to Qing rule, and blocked Tsarist Russia on the Amur River, retaining Outer Manchuria.
The Kangxi Emperor's reign brought about long-term stability and relative wealth after years of war and chaos. He initiated the period known as the "Prosperous Era of Kangxi and Qianlong" or "High Qing",[4] which lasted for several generations after his death. His court also accomplished such literary feats as the compilation of the Kangxi Dictionary and Quan Tangshi poetry anthology.