Provençal dialect
Dialect of Occitan / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Provençal (/ˌprɒvɒ̃ˈsɑːl/, also UK: /-sæl/,[4] US: /ˌproʊ-, -vən-/; Occitan: provençau or prouvençau [pʁuveⁿˈsaw]) is a variety of Occitan,[5][6] spoken by people in Provence and parts of Drôme and Gard. The term Provençal used to refer to the entire Occitan language, but more recently it has referred only to the variety of Occitan spoken in Provence.[7][8] However, it can still be found being used to refer to Occitan as a whole, e.g. Merriam-Webster states that it can be used to refer to general Occitan, though this is going out of use.[9]
Provençal | |
---|---|
prouvençau (mistralian norm) provençal/provençau (classical norm) | |
Native to | France, Italy, Monaco |
Native speakers | (350,000 cited 1990)[1] |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | prv (retired); subsumed in oci |
Glottolog | prov1235 |
ELP | Provençal |
IETF | oc-provenc[2][3] |
Provençal is also the customary name given to the older version of the Occitan language used by the troubadours of medieval literature, when Old French or the langue d'oïl was limited to the northern areas of France. Thus, the ISO 639-3 code for Old Occitan is [pro].
In 2007, all the ISO 639-3 codes for Occitan dialects, including [prv] for Provençal, were retired and merged into [oci] Occitan. The old codes ([prv], [auv], [gsc], [lms], [lnc]) are no longer in active use, but still have the meaning assigned to them when they were established in the Standard.[10]
Some groups have called for Provençal's recognition as a full language, distinct from Occitan. The Regional Council of Provence has variously labelled Provençal as a dialect of Occitan or as a distinct language, depending on different lobbies and political majorities.