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In 2024, tropical cyclones will form in seven major bodies of water, commonly known as tropical cyclone basins. Tropical cyclones will be named by various weather agencies when they attain maximum sustained winds of 35 knots (65 km/h; 40 mph). So far, 69 systems have formed, with 48 of them being named. The most intense storm of the year so far is Typhoon Yagi, with a minimum barometric pressure of 915 hPa (27.02 inHg).[1] Yagi is also the deadliest and costliest tropical cyclone to date, with at least 761 fatalities and a damage total of $15.8 billion.
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Tropical cyclones in 2024 | |
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Year boundaries | |
First system | Anggrek |
Formed | January 10, 2024 |
Strongest system | |
Name | Yagi |
Lowest pressure | 915 mbar (hPa); 27.02 inHg |
Longest lasting system | |
Name | 05F |
Duration | 29 days |
Year statistics | |
Total systems | 72 |
Named systems | 51 |
Total fatalities | 1,313 total |
Total damage | $36.291 billion (2024 USD) |
Tropical cyclones are primarily monitored by ten warning centers around the world, which are designated as a Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RSMC) or a Tropical Cyclone Warning Center (TCWC) by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). These centers are: National Hurricane Center (NHC), Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC), Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Météo-France (MFR), Indonesia's Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG), Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM), Papua New Guinea's National Weather Service (PNGNWS), Fiji Meteorological Service (FMS), and New Zealand's MetService. Unofficial, but still notable warning centers include the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA; albeit official within the Philippines), the United States Navy's Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and the Brazilian Navy Hydrographic Center.
After the New Year, the MJO's amplitude weakened, with its eastward propagation slowing down due to the positive phase of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and an equatorial Rossby wave. Despite that, the MJO briefly caused El Niño-like wind anomalies to become easterly at the Date Line. There was also a significant increase in convection across the eastern Indian Ocean in January as the Dipole began weakening.[2] However, in the middle of January, the MJO began steadily intensifying, enhancing convection across the Maritime Continent. Despite that, intra-seasonal activity persevered,[3] although the MJO produced convection in the Western Pacific.[4] In Australia, the monsoonal trough's arrival was delayed until January 10, possibly due to the El Niño event.[5] On April 16, the dominant El Niño event ended.[6]
Though the 2024 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, it got off to the slowest start since 2014. This was due to a large stationary heat dome over Central America and Mexico, as tropical cyclogenesis in June often occurs over the Gulf of Mexico and northern Caribbean Sea.[7] The season's first named storm, Tropical Storm Alberto, formed in the western Gulf of Mexico on June 19,[nb 1][9] then proceeded to make landfall on the northeastern coast of Mexico the following day.[10] On June 28, Tropical Storm Beryl formed at 43.6° W, being the second-easternmost cyclone on record in the tropical Atlantic, behind only Tropical Storm Bret in 2023.[11] The next day, Beryl intensified into a hurricane at 49.3° W,[12] becoming the easternmost June hurricane in the tropical Atlantic on record, ahead of the 1933 Trinidad hurricane.[13] Reaching 53.9 °W, Beryl became the easternmost June major hurricane in the tropical Atlantic, and the first June major hurricane since Alma in 1966.[14] Beryl also became the earliest Category 4 Atlantic hurricane on record, ahead of 2005's Hurricane Dennis.[15][16] On June 30, Tropical Depression Three formed in the Bay of Campeche,[17] becoming Tropical Storm Chris only six hours later. Chris quickly moved ashore in Mexico the following morning.[18] Hurricane Beryl became a Category 5 that same morning, becoming the earliest Category 5 hurricane on record in the Atlantic, and beating out Hurricane Emily of 2005. After Beryl dissipated on July 11, the Atlantic basin would fall under a period of inactivity due to the Saharan air layer, which suppresses tropical activity, persisting over the open Atlantic alongside dry air typically occurring during this period of the season.[19]
Activity resumed at the start of August, with Hurricane Debby developing in the Gulf of Mexico on August 3,[20][21] before making landfall in Florida as a Category 1 hurricane two days later. It then slowed down over land afterwards and dropped heavy rain and caused widespread flooding in the Southeastern United States. A week after, Hurricane Ernesto moved through the Caribbean, and strengthened to a Category 2 hurricane, before eventually weakening and making landfall on Bermuda as a Category 1. This made Ernesto the first hurricane to make landfall on the island since Hurricane Paulette in 2020. Ernesto continued to move northward, passing by Newfoundland as it turned post-tropical.
On June 29, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) noted that a low-pressure area could form off the coast of Mexico. On July 2, a broad area of low pressure formed south of the coast of Mexico. Showers and thunderstorms within the disturbance became better-organized beginning late the following day, and Tropical Depression 01E formed during the morning of July 4. Slightly intensifying, the compact system became Tropical Storm Aletta a few hours later. Three weeks later, Tropical Storm Bud formed off the southern tip of Baja California. A week later on July 31, Tropical Storm Carlotta formed out of a low-pressure area. Three storms formed quickly during the first week of August: Daniel, Emilia, and Fabio. After a brief lull in activity, Hurricane Gilma formed, undergoing a few rounds of intensification, one of which, being a Category 4 peak, making Gilma the first major hurricane of the Eastern Pacific season. Hurricane Hone formed soon after, becoming the Central Pacific's first named storm in the basin since 2019.
The Pacific typhoon season began abnormally late, with no systems forming for five months until May 22, when a tropical storm named Ewiniar formed southeast of Palau, marking it as the fifth-latest start of a Pacific typhoon season since reliable records began.[22] Ewiniar went straight to the Philippines to make nine landfalls in Homonhon Island; Giporlos, Eastern Samar; Basiao Island; Cagduyong Island; Batuan, Masbate; Masbate City; Torrijos, Marinduque; Lucena, Quezon and Patnanungan. It began to move over the warm tropical waters of Lamon Bay, where the JTWC and the JMA upgraded Ewiniar into a minimal typhoon. Ewiniar began to deteriorate as it moved away from land due to its topographical effects from the island. On May 30, another tropical depression formed southeast of Haikou, China. The next day, at 03:00 UTC, JTWC designated the disturbance as Tropical Depression 02W. A few hours later, JMA assigned the name Maliksi as they upgraded 02W into a tropical storm. Shortly after being named, on May 31, Maliksi made landfall in Southern China. JMA and JTWC discontinued warnings as Maliksi moved inland and dissipated on June 2.
After many weeks of inactivity, on July 13, a tropical depression formed east of Vietnam. Shortly after, it tracked into Vietnam, dissipating soon after. On July 19, two tropical disturbances were recognized by the JTWC: one southeast of Manila while the second is east of Palau. Soon after, the two disturbances on either side were upgraded into a depression and named by the PAGASA. The first west of Batangas was named Butchoy while the second east of Virac was named Carina. JTWC followed suit and designated Butchoy as Tropical Depression 04W and Carina as Tropical Depression 05W. At 16:05 JST (00:05 UTC) of the next day, 05W was given the name Gaemi by the JMA. On July 21, Butchoy also intensified into a tropical storm, assigning the name Prapiroon from the JMA. Prapiroon moved through the South China Sea as a mild tropical storm before landfall over Wanning, Hainan. Prapiroon moved through the Gulf of Tonkin, where it further intensified into a severe tropical storm. Early on July 23, Prapiroon made its second and final landfall in Quảng Ninh, Vietnam. Rapid weakening ensued as Prapiroon moved inland.
Being in a favorable environment in the Philippine Sea, Gaemi continues to strengthen into a severe tropical storm as it moves northeastward slowly. Early the next day, JMA upgraded Gaemi into a typhoon, the second to occur in this season. JTWC also followed suit and upgraded Gaemi into a Category-1 typhoon. Owing to its warm sea surface temperature and low vertical wind shear, on July 24, Gaemi rapidly intensified into a Category-4 typhoon, with 10-minute sustained winds of 155 km/h (100 mph), equivalent to a very strong typhoon category by the JMA. Gaemi stalled and executed a counterclockwise loop near the coast and slightly weakened into a Category-3 typhoon. Overnight, Gaemi made landfall over Hualien, Taiwan at that intensity. The mountain ranges of the country made the structure of the storm torn apart, causing Gaemi to further weaken into a Category-2 typhoon. The country's mountain ranges tore apart the structure of the storm, causing Gaemi to weaken further into a Category-2 typhoon. The next day, Gaemi made its final landfall at Xiuyu, Putian at Fujian Province as a weakening tropical storm. Moving inland, the storm rapidly weakened until it dissipated on July 27.
On August 5, a low-pressure area was formed in the Bonin Islands. The disturbance was in an environment with low to moderate wind shear and warm SSTs. JTWC later classified the disturbance into a depression the next day, giving the designation 06W. Early on August 8, JMA upgraded the depression into a storm, naming it Maria. The storm further strengthened into a severe tropical storm on the same day, and eventually made landfall in Ofunato. Shortly after, Typhoon Ampil and Tropical Storms Son-Tinh and Wukong formed; Ampil became a very strong typhoon, brushing the city of Tokyo and eastern Japan. Tropical Storm Jongdari was also named, as well as Shanshan, which is currently a weakening storm near Tokyo. On August 30, a tropical disturbance formed near Palau. On the same day, JMA started to issue advisories for the system as a depression. As it entered the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), the agency gave it the name Enteng on the first day of September. At 21:00 JST (13:00 UTC), JMA developed into a tropical storm, naming the system as Yagi.
This section needs to be updated. (September 2024) |
After months of inactivity, on 21 May, a low-pressure area started to develop due to an Upper-air circulation over the Bay of Bengal. The LPA got strengthened by favorable conditions like Rossby waves, Madden–Julian oscillation and the beginning of the Monsoonal flow in the Indian Ocean. Hence, IMD (India Meteorological Department) began monitoring the cyclonic circulation. Later that day, Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) also started tracking the system, noting that the system could become a monsoon depression. On 23 May, the IMD upgraded the system to a well-marked low, stating that it was rapidly coalescing. The system then intensified into a depression (BOB 01/Invest 99B) on 24 May. Owing to favorable conditions and high Sea surface temperature over Northern Bay of Bengal, the depression intensified into a cyclone named Remal. On May 26, Remal intensified into a severe cyclonic storm before making landfall at Bangladesh. Remal later moved inland and dissipated on May 28.
On July 19, IMD marked an area of low pressure off the coast of Odisha. The disturbance was later upgraded into a depression, designated as BOB 02. However, the depression moved inland, weakening into a well-marked low-pressure area before dissipating the next day. On August 4, A low-pressure area developed over Gangetic West Bengal, and adjoining Jharkhand. Hours later, the land depression intensified into a depression.
The first system of the season, Tropical Storm Alvaro, formed on December 30, 2023 and persisted into 2024. Before becoming post-tropical on January 3,[23] it made landfall in Morombe District, Madagascar,[24] killing nineteen people. After a brief lull in activity, Tropical Cyclone Belal formed on January 11.[25] severely affecting Mauritius and Réunion, with the latter suffering the brunt of the storm, causing six deaths in the process.[26][27] On January 22, Moderate Tropical Storm Candice formed.[28] Eight days later, Intense Tropical Cyclone Anggrek entered the basin,[29] while Tropical Depression 05 formed.[30] Intense Tropical Cyclone Djoungou formed on 13 February and exited the basin less than a week later.[31] Severe Tropical Storm Eleanor formed on 17 February, bringing intense rainfall and winds causing massive damage.[32] Severe Tropical Storm Filipo emerged on 2 March near Mozambique displacing 48,000 people and damaging 8,000 houses.[33] Tropical Depression Neville crossed into the basin on 24 March but MFR discontinued warning issuance.[34] Short-lived Tropical Cyclone Gamane emerged on 25 March, causing a total of 19 deaths, 3 people missing and at least 90,000 affected.[35]
Off-season Tropical Cyclone Hidaya made rare landfall in Tanzania on 30 April. Another off-season, Tropical Cyclone Ialy, formed on 16 May near Comoros and killing a girl and injuring four others, while another person died due to a fallen wall.[36]
A low-pressure system formed near the equator in mid-August 2024. Despite unfavourable conditions, it briefly intensified into a tropical depression before weakening and dissipating.
The season started early on 1 December where Cyclone Jasper crossed into the basin as a tropical low from the South Pacific and made landfall in Far North Queensland as a Category 2 tropical cyclone on 13 December.[12]
After a significant lull in activity, Tropical Cyclone Anggrek and Tropical Low 03U formed on 10 and 11 January respectively,[37][10] with the latter dissipating on 23 January.[21] The next day, Cyclone Kirrily formed.[20] Tropical Low 06U formed on 30 January, dancing out of basin the next day and waltzing back in on 5 February.[38][39] Tropical Cyclone Lincoln formed on 16 February and made landfall on the Gulf of Carpentaria coast.[40] Severe Tropical Cyclone Neville formed north of the Cocos Islands[41] on 1 March and left the basin 20 days later.[42] Severe Tropical Cyclone Megan formed on 13 March from a tropical low over the coast of the Gulf of Carpentaria.[43] Short-lived Tropical Low 10U formed and weakened within the same day of 14 March.[44] Severe Tropical Cyclone Olga formed within a monsoon trough south of Sumba[45][46] on 4 April. Tropical Cyclone Paul formed 5 days later over the Louisiade Archipelago.[47] Tropical Low 12U formed on 12 April and remained traceable.[48]
Off-season Tropical Low 16U formed on 4 May and ended the season.[49]
After a significant lull in activity, Tropical Disturbance 04F formed on January 25 and dissipated the next day.[50] On February 1, 06U entered the South Pacific basin and was designated 05F by the FMS.[51] After the system exited to the Australian region and struggled against moderate wind shear, 05F re-entered on February 7 and JTWC designated it tropical storm 12P.[52] On February 3, the FMS designated 06F and was later named Nat on February 5. The FMS upgraded Nat to a Category 2 tropical cyclone the next day before wind shear led to the system's demise.[53] Simultaneously, Tropical Disturbance 07F formed on February 5 before dissipating.[54] 08F quickly developed and the FMS named Osai on February 7 before an increase in wind shear caused the storm to dissipate.[55] On February 11, 09F developed and was short-lived due to high wind shear. On February 14, the FMS designated 10F and soon the JTWC initiated advisories on Tropical Cyclone 15P. However, 10F was short-lived due to increasing wind shear.[56]
On February 16, the CHM stated that a subtropical depression had formed in the Rio de Janeiro basin.[57] Two days later, the cyclone acquired tropical characteristics and became a tropical depression. In the early hours of 19 February, the depression developed into a tropical storm, thus receiving the name Akará.
January was slightly active featuring eight systems forming with four of them being named.[58] Tropical Storm Alvaro from the South-West Indian Ocean persisted into 2024 and made landfall in Madagascar, killing nineteen and causing some damages. Cyclone Belal affected Reunion and Mauritius, causing six fatalities. In the Australian region, Cyclone Kirrily affected Queensland while Cyclone Anggrek formed in the basin, entered the South-West Indian Ocean on January 25, and became a Category 4-equivalent tropical cyclone on January 28, making it the strongest storm of the month, as well as the first major tropical cyclone of the year.
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anggrek | January 10–30 | 185 (115) | 950 | None | None | None | |
03U | January 11–23 | Unknown | 991 | Northern Territory, Western Australia | None | None | |
Belal | January 11–18 | 140 (85) | 969 | Mascarene Islands | $570 million | 6 | [59][60][61] |
Kirrily | January 12–February 5 | 120 (75) | 978 | Queensland, Northern Territory, South Australia, New South Wales | Unknown | None | [62] |
Candice | January 23–27 | 100 (65) | 980 | Mauritius | None | None | [63] |
04F | January 25–26 | Unknown | 1002 | None | None | None | |
05 | January 28–February 2 | 55 (35) | 999 | None | None | None | |
05F | January 30–February 28 | 55 (35) | 996 | New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Fiji | None | None | |
February was slightly above-average, featuring nine systems with six of them being named.[64] In the South Pacific, Cyclones Nat and Osai affected Samoa, with the former peaking as a Category 2 tropical cyclone before dissipating on February 10. In the South-West Indian ocean, Cyclone Djoungou is the strongest system this month. Cyclone Eleanor affected sparsely over the Mascarene Islands. In the South Atlantic, Tropical Storm Akará affected Southern Brazil. In the Australian region, Cyclone Lincoln crossed through the Northern Territory inland just after making landfall in that particular area.
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nat | February 3–10 | 95 (60) | 985 | Samoa, American Samoa, Southern Cook Islands, French Polynesia | None | None | |
07F | February 5–8 | Unknown | 1002 | French Polynesia | None | None | |
Osai | February 6–12 | 85 (50) | 991 | Samoa, American Samoa, Southern Cook Islands | None | None | [65] |
09F | February 11–13 | Unknown | 1004 | French Polynesia | None | None | |
10F | February 14–17 | 55 (35) | 995 | None | None | None | |
Lincoln | February 13–25 | 75 (45) | 993 | Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia | None | None | [66] |
Djoungou | February 13–19 | 215 (130) | 922 | None | None | None | |
Akará | February 16–22 | 85 (50) | 994 | Southern Brazil | None | None | |
Eleanor | February 17–24 | 100 (65) | 984 | Mauritius, Réunion | None | None | [32] |
March was near-average, featuring seven systems, with four of which have been named. The month began in the South-West Indian Ocean with Tropical Storm Filipo, which recently affected Madagascar and Mozambique as a severe tropical storm. On the other side of the basin, Cyclone Megan made landfall in Borroloola, Australia just after reaching its peak as a Category-3 cyclone, bringing destructive winds and heavy rain in the area. Cyclone Neville, is the strongest tropical cyclone in this month. Before the end of the month, Cyclone Gamane made landfall in the northeastern tip of Madagascar as a Category-2 cyclone before it dissipated on March 28.
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Filipo | March 2–14 | 100 (65) | 989 | Madagascar, Mayotte, Mozambique, Eswatini, South Africa | Unknown | 2 | [33][67] |
Neville | March 4–24 | 175 (110) | 952 | Cocos Islands, Christmas Island | None | None | [68] |
11F | March 8–15 | 65 (40) | 1000 | Vanuatu | None | None | |
Megan | March 13–21 | 165 (105) | 955 | Northern Territory, Queensland | None | None | [69] |
10U | March 14 | Unknown | 1003 | Cape York Peninsula | None | None | |
12F | March 19–20 | Unknown | 1005 | None | None | None | |
Gamane | March 25–28 | 150 (90) | 970 | Madagascar | $50 million | 19 | [70][61] |
April was an unusually inactive month, featuring four systems, with three getting named. The month started with Cyclone Olga, which formed over the open waters of Western Australia and peaked as a Category 4-equivalent major cyclone as it remains over the Indian Ocean. Shortly after Olga degenerated into a tropical low, short-lived Cyclone Paul would also form in the Coral Sea. 12U formed on April 12 and dissipated 2 days later. On the last day of April, Cyclone Hidaya formed near Seychelles and made a rare landfall in Tanzania as a weakening tropical storm.
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Olga | April 4–11 | 205 (125) | 933 | Lesser Sunda Islands, Western Australia | None | None | |
Paul | April 10–13 | 95 (60) | 994 | None | None | None | |
12U | April 12–14 | Unknown | 1006 | Lesser Sunda Islands, East Timor | None | None | |
Hidaya | April 30–May 4 | 140 (85) | 975 | Seychelles, Comoro Islands, Tanzania, Kenya | None | 5 | [71] |
May was an average month, featuring five cyclones, with four receiving names, the month started with Tropical Storm Ialy, which formed near Comoros and intensified into a compact tropical cyclone. On May 22, Typhoon Ewiniar formed southeast of Palau, traversing the Philippines before strengthening as a potent Category-2 typhoon over Lamon Bay. Cyclone Remal formed in the Bay of Bengal on May 24. In the latter part of May, Tropical Storm Maliksi formed in the South China Sea and made landfall in Guangdong Province as a weak tropical storm.
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
16U | May 4–5 | Unknown | 1004 | None | None | None | |
Ialy | May 16–22 | 120 (75) | 983 | Seychelles, Madagascar, Tanzania, Kenya, Somalia | None | 2 | [36] |
Ewiniar (Aghon) | May 22–30 | 140 (85) | 970 | Philippines, Japan, Alaska | $20.88 million | 6 | [72][73] |
Remal | May 24–28 | 110 (70) | 978 | Odisha, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bangladesh, Northeast India, Myanmar. | $600 million | 84 | [74][75] |
Maliksi | May 30–June 2 | 65 (40) | 998 | South China, Taiwan | None | None | [76] |
June was abnormally inactive. It was the least active June since reliable records began, with only three named storms, all forming in the North Atlantic basin. This month started very late, with no storms developing until June 19, when Tropical Storm Alberto formed in the Bay of Campeche and made landfall in Ciudad Madero, Tamaulipas as a mild tropical storm. On June 28, Hurricane Beryl formed south of Cabo Verde and rapidly intensified into a major hurricane. It brushed through the Windward Islands as a high-end Category 4 major hurricane. Beryl entered the Caribbean Sea, and strengthened further into a Category 5 major hurricane, becoming the strongest tropical cyclone of this month. Tropical Depression Three formed on June 30 near Veracruz, becoming Tropical Storm Chris soon after. Chris would be short-lived as it made landfall in Tuxpan, Veracruz before it dissipated the next day.
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alberto | June 17–20 | 85 (50) | 993 | Yucatán Peninsula, Northeastern Mexico, Texas, Louisiana | $53.7 million | 2 (3) | [77] |
Beryl | June 28–July 9 | 270 (165) | 934 | Barbados, Windward Islands, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Cayman Islands, Yucatán Peninsula, United States, Eastern Canada | $6.86 billion | 70 | [78] |
Chris | June 30–July 1 | 65 (40) | 1005 | Yucatán Peninsula, Eastern Mexico | $1 million | 5 | [79] |
July was moderately active, with seven systems and five of them being named, the month started with Tropical Storm Aletta, which formed off the coast of Mexico on July 4. On July 19, two tropical cyclones were formed on either side of the basin. Typhoon Gaemi formed east of Palau and peaked as a Category-4 typhoon on July 24, making it the strongest tropical cyclone of this month. Gaemi later made landfall on the northeastern coast of Taiwan as a Category-3 typhoon. Meanwhile, Severe Tropical Storm Prapiroon formed southeast of Manila and hit Hainan and Vietnam as a tropical storm. In the Eastern Pacific, short-lived Tropical Storm Bud unexpectedly formed off the southern tip of Baja California. A week later, Hurricane Carlotta formed off the coast of Mexico and became a Category-1 hurricane on August 2nd.
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aletta | July 4–6 | 65 (40) | 1005 | Socorro Island | None | None | |
03W | July 13–15 | 55 (35) | 1000 | Vietnam, Laos, Thailand | None | None | [80] |
Prapiroon (Butchoy) | July 19–24 | 110 (70) | 980 | Philippines, Vietnam, South China, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia | $32.9 million | 23 | [81][82][83] |
Gaemi (Carina) | July 19–28 | 165 (105) | 940 | Philippines, Taiwan, Yaeyama Islands, Indonesia, Vietnam, East China, Cambodia, Singapore, North Korea | $2.31 billion | 126 | [84][85] |
BOB 02 | July 19–20 | 45 (30) | 990 | Odisha | None | None | |
Bud | July 24–26 | 95 (60) | 1000 | Clarion Island | None | None | |
Carlotta | July 31–August 6 | 150 (90) | 979 | None | None | None | |
August was an above average month, featuring twenty-three systems, with sixteen being named. The month started on August 2, when a land depression developed over India in the North Indian basin. In the Eastern Pacific, a tropical cyclone outbreak saw the formation of three tropical storms in a quick session: Daniel on August 3, Emilia on August 4, and Fabio on August 5. Also on August 3, Hurricane Debby formed in the North Atlantic and made landfall near Steinhatchee, Florida as a mid-range hurricane. In the Western Pacific, Severe Tropical Storm Maria formed on August 5. About a week later, Tropical Storm Son-Tinh developed just southeast of Maria. It was later followed by the formations of Typhoon Ampil and Tropical Storm Wukong that both developed just a day of August 13. Back in the North Atlantic, Hurricane Ernesto developed southeast of Cabo Verde. It then traversed through the Leeward Islands and Puerto Rico as a tropical storm and made landfall in Bermuda as a Category 1 hurricane. On August 15, a rare early-season cyclone formed in the South-West Indian Ocean. Two days later, Tropical Storm Jongdari formed east of Taiwan and affected the Korean Peninsula. A day later, Tropical Storm Gilma developed south of Mexico. Activity continued in the Pacific with Typhoon Shanshan, which made landfall in Japan on August 30. On August 23, Hurricane Hone formed in the Central Pacific, becoming the first storm to form in the basin since Ema of 2019. Soon after, on August 25, Tropical Storm Hector was named. In the North Indian Ocean, Cyclone Asna formed between Madhya and Uttar Pradesh on August 30. On August 31, Typhoon Yagi formed, later affecting the Philippines and became a powerful Category 5 super typhoon in the South China Sea before striking northern Vietnam, becoming the strongest storm of the month and currently worldwide.
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LAND 01 | August 2–6 | 55 (35) | 995 | Jharkhand, West Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan | None | None | |
Debby | August 3–9 | 130 (80) | 979 | Lucayan Archipelago, Greater Antilles, Eastern United States, Quebec, Atlantic Canada, United Kingdom, Ireland, Faroe Islands | <$2 billion | 10 | [86] |
Daniel | August 3–6 | 65 (40) | 1005 | None | None | None | |
Ampil | August 4–19 | 155 (100) | 950 | Bonin Islands, Japan | None | None | [87] |
Emilia | August 4–9 | 110 (70) | 988 | Clarion Island | None | None | |
Maria | August 5–14 | 100 (65) | 980 | Bonin Islands, Japan | None | None | [88] |
Fabio | August 5–7 | 100 (65) | 993 | Revillagigedo Islands | None | None | |
Son-Tinh | August 10–14 | 65 (40) | 994 | None | None | None | |
Wukong | August 12–15 | 65 (40) | 1004 | None | None | None | |
Ernesto | August 12–20 | 155 (100) | 968 | Leeward Islands, Puerto Rico, Bermuda, Atlantic Canada, British Isles | $24.3 million | 3 | [89] |
01 | August 15–17 | 55 (35) | 1000 | Chagos Archipelago | None | None | |
Jongdari (Dindo) | August 17–22 | 75 (45) | 998 | Taiwan, Miyako Islands, Yaeyama Islands, Korean Peninsula | None | None | [90] |
Gilma | August 18–30 | 215 (130) | 949 | None | None | None | |
TD | August 1 9–26 | Unknown | 1008 | None | None | None | |
TD | August 19 | Unknown | 1006 | Kyushu | None | None | |
TD | August 20 | Unknown | 1012 | None | None | None | |
Shanshan | August 21–September 1 | 175 (110) | 935 | Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Amami Islands, Japan, South Korea | >$6 billion | 8 | [91] |
Hone | August 22–September 8 | 140 (85) | 988 | Hawaii | None | None | [92] |
Asna | August 25– September 3 | 75 (45) | 988 | Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat Pakistan | $30 million | 73 | [93] |
Hector | August 25–29 | 85 (50) | 1000 | None | None | None | |
TD | August 30 | Unknown | 1006 | Japan | None | None | |
Yagi (Enteng) | August 31–September 8 | 265 (165) | 915 | Palau, Philippines, Vietnam, China, Hong Kong, Macau, Thailand, Laos, Myanmar | >$15.8 billion | 761 | [94] |
BOB 03 | August 31–September 2 | 45 (30) | 996 | Andhra Pradesh, Odisha | None | 27 |
So far, twelve storms have formed and eight have been named, the month ramped off with Tropical Storm Leepi, which formed in the open Pacific ocean. On September 9, Typhoon Bebinca and Hurricane Francine both formed in the West Pacific and Atlantic, respectively. A couple of days later, tropical storms Ileana, Gordon, Pulasan, and Soulik later joined the formation. On September 22, Hurricane John formed off the coast of southern Mexico and rapidly strengthened into a hurricane.
Storm name | Dates active | Max wind km/h (mph) |
Pressure (hPa) |
Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Leepi | September 2–6 | 65 (40) | 1002 | None | None | None | |
TD | September 4–12 | 55 (35) | 998 | Japan | Unknown | None | |
BOB 04 | September 7–13 | 55 (35) | 990 | None | None | None | |
Francine | September 9–12 | 155 (100) | 972 | Eastern Mexico, Gulf Coast of the United States | $1.5 billion | None | [95] |
Bebinca (Ferdie) | September 9–17 | 140 (85) | 965 | Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Philippines, China | $1.4 billion | 8 | [96][97] |
Gordon | September 11–17 | 75 (45) | 1004 | Cabo Verde | None | None | |
Ileana | September 12–15 | 75 (45) | 999 | Baja California Peninsula, Northwestern Mexico | Unknown | None | [98] |
BOB 05 | September 13–18 | 55 (35) | 989 | Bangladesh | Unknown | 25 | [99] |
Soulik (Gener) | September 15–20 | 65 (40) | 992 | Philippines, Vietnam | $12.66 million | 27 | [100] |
Pulasan (Helen) | September 15–Present | 85 (50) | 992 | Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Philippines, China | Unknown | 7 | [100] |
17W (Igme) | September 20–22 | 55 (35) | 1004 | Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, China | Unknown | None | |
John | September 22–24 | 195 (120) | 959 | Southwestern Mexico | Unknown | 2 | |
18W | September 24–present | 55 (35) | 1006 | None | None | None | |
Helene | September 24–Present | 75 (45) | 999 | Cayman Islands, Cuba, Yucatan Peninsula | None | None |
There are a total of seven tropical cyclone basins that tropical cyclones typically form in this table, data from all these basins are added. [101]
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