Zinc oxide

White powder insoluble in water / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Zinc oxide is an inorganic compound with the formula ZnO. It is a white powder that is insoluble in water. ZnO is used as an additive in numerous materials and products including cosmetics, food supplements, rubbers, plastics, ceramics, glass, cement, lubricants,[12] paints, sunscreens, ointments, adhesives, sealants, pigments, foods, batteries, ferrites, fire retardants, semi conductors,[13] and first-aid tapes. Although it occurs naturally as the mineral zincite, most zinc oxide is produced synthetically.[14]

Quick facts: Names, Identifiers, Properties, Structure[8],... ▼
Zinc oxide
Zinc_oxide.jpg
Names
Other names
Zinc white, calamine, philosopher's wool, Chinese white, flowers of zinc
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard 100.013.839 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 215-222-5
13738
KEGG
RTECS number
  • ZH4810000
UNII
UN number 3077
  • InChI=1S/O.Zn checkY
    Key: XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • [Zn]=O
Properties
ZnO
Molar mass 81.406 g/mol[1]
Appearance White solid[1]
Odor Odorless
Density 5.6 g/cm3[1]
Melting point 1,974 °C (3,585 °F; 2,247 K) (decomposes)[1][2]
Boiling point 2,360 °C (4,280 °F; 2,630 K) (decomposes)
0.0004% (17.8°C)[3]
Band gap 3.2 eV (direct)[4]
Electron mobility 180 cm2/(V·s)[4]
−27.2·10−6 cm3/mol[5]
Thermal conductivity 0.6 W/(cm·K)[6]
n1=2.013, n2=2.029[7]
Structure[8]
Wurtzite
C6v4-P63mc
a = 3.2495 Å, c = 5.2069 Å
2
Tetrahedral
Thermochemistry[9]
40.3 J·K−1mol−1
43.65±0.40 J·K−1mol−1
-350.46±0.27 kJ mol−1
-320.5 kJ mol−1
Enthalpy of fusion (ΔfH⦵fus)
 70 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
QA07XA91 (WHO)
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS09: Environmental hazard
Warning
H400, H401
P273, P391, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g. canola oilInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
1
0
Flash point 1,436 °C (2,617 °F; 1,709 K)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
240 mg/kg (intraperitoneal, rat)[10]
7950 mg/kg (rat, oral)[11]
2500 mg/m3 (mouse)[11]
2500 mg/m3 (guinea pig, 3–4 h)[11]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 5 mg/m3 (fume) TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust) TWA 5 mg/m3 (resp dust)[3]
REL (Recommended)
 Dust: TWA 5 mg/m3 C 15 mg/m3

Fume: TWA 5 mg/m3 ST 10 mg/m3[3]

IDLH (Immediate danger)
 500 mg/m3[3]
Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 0208
Related compounds
Other anions
 Zinc sulfide
Zinc selenide
Zinc telluride
Other cations
 Cadmium oxide
Mercury(II) oxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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