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1140s
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The 1140s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1140, and ended on December 31, 1149.
1140
By place
Levant
- Spring – King Fulk of Jerusalem confronts Imad al-Din Zengi, Seljuk ruler (atabeg) of Mosul, near Dara'a in southern Syria.[1] Turkish forces under Mu'in al-Din (supported by the Crusaders) besiege Banias.
Europe
- Spring – King Conrad III enfeoffs Henry II (Jasomirgott), a member of the House of Babenberg, with the County Palatine of the Rhine (belonging to the Holy Roman Empire).
- Summer – King Roger II promulgates the Assizes of Ariano (a series of laws to rule the Norman Kingdom of Sicily) after the pacification of southern Italy.
- December 21 – Siege of Weinsberg: Conrad III captures the castle at Weinsberg during the civil war between the Staufers and the Welfs in Germany.
England and Scotland
- Summer – King Stephen appoints Geoffrey de Mandeville as Earl of Essex for his support during the civil war against Matilda (Stephen's cousin).
- The town of Lanark in Scotland is made a Royal Burgh by King David I, giving it merchant privileges relating to government and taxation.
Asia
- August 21 – Jin–Song Wars – Battle of Yancheng: Chinese forces under the command of Yue Fei defeat a numerically superior Jin army led by Wuzhu.
By topic
Religion
- June 3 – Pierre Abelard, a French theologian, is condemned for heresy by the Council of Sens. He sets out for Rome to present his defense to Pope Innocent II.
- September 8 – Sephardi Jewish philosopher Judah Halevi, having completed the Kuzari, arrives in Alexandria on a pilgrimage to Palestine.
- The first Cistercian monastery in Spain is founded in Fitero.[2] The order enjoys a rapid expansion in the region in the following 15 years.
Literature
- Gratian, an Italian monk and canon lawyer, founds the science of Canon law with the publication of the Decretum Gratiani (approximate date).
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Significant people
Births
1140
- May 28 – Xin Qiji, Chinese military leader (d. 1207)
- Adela of Champagne, queen of France (d. 1206)
- Alan Fitz Walter, Scottish High Steward (d. 1204)
- Cadfan ap Cadwaladr, Welsh nobleman (d. 1215)
- Davyd Rostislavich, Kievan Grand Prince (d. 1197)
- Domhnall Caomhánach, king of Leinster (d. 1175)
- Eliezer ben Joel HaLevi, German rabbi (d. 1225)
- Fujiwara no Tashi, Japanese empress (d. 1202)
- Gerard de Ridefort, Flemish Grand Master (d. 1189)
- Hedwig, margravine of Meissen (approximate date)
- Hugh de Paduinan, Norman nobleman (d. 1189)
- John I, archbishop of Trier (approximate date)
- John I, Norman nobleman (approximate date)
- John of Ford, English Cistercian abbot (d. 1224)
- Manfred II, marquess of Saluzzo (approximate date)
- Minamoto no Yoshihira, Japanese nobleman (d. 1160)
- Peter Waldo, French spiritual leader (d. 1205)
- Raymond III, crusader and count of Tripoli (d. 1187)
- Raymond the Palmer, Italian pilgrim (d. 1200)
- Simon II, duke of Lorraine (approximate date)
- Sophia of Minsk, queen of Denmark (d. 1198)
- Walter Map, Welsh clergyman and writer (d. 1210)
- William FitzRalph, English High Sheriff (d. 1200)
- Yuan Cai, Chinese scholar and official (d. 1195)
1141
- Malcolm IV, King of Scotland (d. 1165)[109][110]
- Nizami Ganjavi, Persian poet (d. 1209)[111][112][113] (Possibly 1140 or 1142)
1142
- Al-Mustadi, caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate (d. 1180)
- Fujiwara no Takanobu, Japanese portrait painter (d. 1205)
- Hugh III of Burgundy, French nobleman (approximate date)
- Moinuddin Chishti, Persian preacher and philosopher (d. 1236)
- Taklung Thangpa Tashi Pal, Tibetan Buddhist leader (d. 1210)
- William I (the Lion), king of Scotland (approximate date)
1143
- July 31 – Nijō, emperor of Japan (d. 1165)
- Balian of Ibelin, French nobleman (d. 1193)
- Beatrice I, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1184)
- Fujiwara no Motozane, Japanese waka poet (d. 1166)
- Jigten Sumgön, founder of the Drikung Kagyu (d. 1217)
- Konoe Motozane, Japanese nobleman (d. 1166)
- Mu'in al-Din Chishti, Persian preacher (d. 1236)
- Philip I (of Alsace), count of Flanders (d. 1191)
1144
- August 11 – Sinjong, Korean ruler of Goryeo (d. 1204)
- Li Fengniang, Chinese empress of the Song dynasty (d. 1200)
- Matsudono Motofusa, Japanese nobleman (d. 1230)
- Minamoto no Tomonaga, Japanese samurai (d. 1160)
- Taira no Tadanori, Japanese military leader (d. 1184)
- Approximate date – Maria Komnene, queen consort of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1190)
1145
- Al-Adil I, Ayyubid general and sultan (d. 1218)
- Adalbert III, archbishop of Salzburg (d. 1200)
- Adam of Perseigne, French Cistercian abbot (d. 1221)
- Aoife MacMurrough (or Eva), Irish princess (d. 1188)
- Baha ad-Din ibn Shaddad, Arab historian (d. 1234)
- Christina Hvide, queen of Sweden (approximate date)
- Elizabeth of Hungary, German duchess (d. 1189)
- Gregory IX, pope of the Catholic Church (d. 1241)
- Ibn Jubayr, Andalusian geographer and traveller (d. 1217)
- Margaret of Huntingdon, Scottish princess (d. 1201)
- Maria of Antioch, Byzantine empress and regent (d. 1182)
- Marie of Champagne, French noblewoman (d. 1198)
- Manuel Komnenos, son of Andronikos I (d. 1185)
- Najmuddin Kubra, founder of the Kubrawi order (d. 1221)
- Reginald FitzUrse, English knight and assassin (d. 1173)
- Ruben III, ruler of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (d. 1187)
- Shihab al-Din 'Umar al-Suhrawardi, Persian scholar (d. 1234)
- Theodora Komnene, queen of Jerusalem (approximate date)
1146
- Abd al-Ghani al-Maqdisi, Arab scholar and jurist (d. 1203)
- Abu Musa al-Jazuli, Almohad philologian and writer (d. 1211)
- Fujiwara no Ikushi, Japanese empress and nun (d. 1173)
- Gerald of Wales, Welsh clergyman and chronicler (d. 1223)
- Walram I, German nobleman (House of Nassau) (d. 1198)
1147
- May 9 – Minamoto no Yoritomo, Japanese shogun (d. 1199)
- September 30 – Guang Zong, Chinese emperor (d. 1200)
- Abd al-Haqq I, ruler of the Marinid Sultanate (d. 1217)
- Garnier de Nablus, Syrian Grand Master (d. 1192)
- Haakon II Sigurdsson, king of Norway (d. 1162)
- Hugh de Kevilioc, 5th Earl of Chester (d. 1181)
- Ibn Qudamah, Umayyad theologian (d. 1223)
- Jetsun Dragpa Gyaltsen, Tibetan spiritual leader (d. 1216)
- Nicholas of Amiens, French theologian (d. 1200)
- Raimbaut d'Aurenga, French troubadour (d. 1173)
- Stephen III, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1172)
- Sukeko, Japanese princess and empress (d. 1216)
- Taira no Munemori, Japanese samurai (d. 1185)
- Wada Yoshimori, Japanese samurai (d. 1213)
- William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke (d. 1219)
1148
- Béla III, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1196)
- Bohemond III ("the Child"), prince of Antioch (d. 1201)
- Galgano Guidotti, Italian knight and saint (d. 1181)
- Isabelle de Meulan, French noblewoman (d. 1220)
- Muhammad II, ruler of the Nizari Ismaili State (d. 1210)
- Ōe no Hiromoto, Japanese nobleman (d. 1225)
- Philippa of Antioch, princess of Antioch (d. 1178)
- Qiu Chuji, Chinese Taoist religious leader (d. 1227)
- Ugo Canefri, Italian knight and health worker (d. 1233)
- Urraca of Portugal, queen consort of León (d. 1211)
1149
- Albert of Vercelli, patriarch of Jerusalem (d. 1214)
- Al-Fa'iz bi-Nasr Allah, Fatimid caliph (d. 1160)
- Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn, Korean ruler of Goryeo (d. 1219)
- Fujiwara no Kanezane, Japanese nobleman (d. 1207)
- Majd al-Din ibn Athir, Zangid historian (d. 1210)
- Margaritus of Brindisi, Sicilian admiral (d. 1197)
- Minamoto no Michichika, Japanese nobleman (d. 1202)
- Muhammad of Ghor, ruler of the Ghurid Empire (d. 1206)
- Odon of Poznań, duke of Greater Poland (d. 1194)
- Shikishi, Japanese princess, poet and nun (d. 1201)
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Deaths
1140
- January 12 – Louis I, German nobleman
- February 6 – Thurstan, archbishop of York
- February 14
- Leo I, prince of Armenia
- Soběslav I, duke of Bohemia
- August 21 – Yang Zaixing, Chinese general
- August 31 – Godebold, bishop of Meissen
- September 15 – Adelaide, duchess of Bohemia
- November 16 – Wulgrin II, count of Angoulême
- Aibert, French monk and hermit (b. 1060)
- Baldwin of Rieti, Italian Benedictine abbot
- Diego Gelmírez, Galician archbishop (b. 1069)
- Gaucherius, French priest and hermit (b. 1060)
- Hugh the Chanter, English historian and writer
- Kumarapala, Indian ruler of the Pala Empire
- Lhachen Naglug, Indian ruler of Ladakh (b. 1110)
- Li Gang, Chinese Grand Chancellor (b. 1083)
- Toba Sōjō, Japanese artist-monk (b. 1053)
- Wanyan Xiyin, Chinese chief adviser
1141
- February 11 – Hugh of Saint Victor, Saxon philosopher, theologian and mystic (b. c. 1078)[114][115][116]
- February 13 – Béla II, King of Hungary and Croatia (b. c. 1109)[117][118][119]
- April 12 or April 13 – Engelbert, Duke of Carinthia[120][121][122]
- May – Aubrey de Vere II, Lord Great Chamberlain of England (b. 1062)[123][124]
- June 10 – Richenza of Northeim, German empress (b. c. 1087/89)[125][126][127]
- October 18 – Leopold, Duke of Bavaria (b. c. 1108)[128][129][130]
- Sheikh Ahmad-e Jami, Persian Sufi writer, mystic and poet (b. 1048)[131][132][133]
- Judah Halevi, Sephardi Jewish philosopher and poet (b. c. 1075)[134][135][136]
- Alberich of Reims, Archbishop of Bourges (b. 1085)[137][138][139]
1142
- January 4 – Clementia of Aquitaine, French noblewoman (b. 1060)
- January 16 – Eilika of Saxony, German noblewoman (b. 1080)
- January 28 – Yue Fei, Chinese military leader and poet (b. 1103)
- April 21 – Peter Abelard, French scholastic philosopher (b. 1079)[140]
- June 25 – William of Montevergine, Italian abbot (b. 1085)
- June 28 – Guigues IV (le Dauphin), French nobleman
- July 27 – Berthold of Garsten, German priest and abbot (b. 1060)
- August 2 – Alexios (Komnenos), Byzantine co-emperor (b. 1106)
- September 10 – Sancho de Larrosa, Spanish bishop
- Abu Hafs Umar an-Nasafi, Persian scholar and historian (b. 1067)
- Andronikos (Komnenos), Byzantine prince (b. 1108)
- Arslan Shah I, Seljuk ruler of the Kerman Sultanate
- Conchobar Ua Briain, Irish king of Munster and Dublin
- Fujiwara no Mototoshi, Japanese nobleman (b. 1060)
- Orderic Vitalis, English monk and chronicler (b. 1075)[141]
- Reverter de La Guardia, viscount of Barcelona (or 1144)
1143
- January 12 – Leo of Constantinople, Byzantine patriarch
- January 26 – Ali ibn Yusuf, ruler of the Almoravids (b. 1084)
- February 6 – Hugh II of Burgundy, French nobleman (b. 1084)
- April 8 – John II (Komnenos), Byzantine emperor (b. 1087)
- April 18 – Gertrude, German duchess and regent (b. 1115)
- June 24 – Ermesinde, French noblewoman (b. 1080)
- August 2 – Muño Alfonso, Galician military leader
- September 23 – Innocent II, pope of the Catholic Church
- September 24 – Agnes, daughter of Henry IV (b. 1072)
- November 13 – Fulk (the Younger), king of Jerusalem
- December 24 – Miles of Gloucester, English nobleman
- Alexander of Telese, Italian chronicler and abbot
- Gilla Aenghus Ua Chlúmháin, Irish poet and writer
- Kogyo-Daishi, Japanese Buddhist priest (b. 1095)
- William of Malmesbury, English monk and historian
- Yelü Dashi, founder of the Qara Khitai (b. 1094)
1144
- March 8 – Celestine II, pope of the Catholic Church
- March 22 – William of Norwich, English child saint (b. 1132)
- May 23 – Petronilla of Lorraine, countess of Holland (b. 1082)
- June 12 – Al-Zamakhshari, Persian philosopher (b. 1075)
- July 17 – Abu Mansur Mauhub al-Jawaliqi, Arab philologist (b. 1074)
- July 27 – Salomea of Berg, High Duchess of Poland (b. 1099)
- September – Geoffrey de Mandeville, 1st Earl of Essex, English nobleman
- October 10 – Alfonso of Capua, Italo-Norman nobleman (b. 1120)
- December 24 – Hugh II (or Hugo), archbishop of Edessa
- Abu Tahir Marwazi, Persian philosopher and scientist
- Berenguer Ramon, Count of Provence, French nobleman (b. 1115)
- Matthew of Edessa (or Matteos), Armenian historian
- Rahere (or Raherius), Norman priest (approximate date)
- Reverter de La Guardia, viscount of Barcelona (or 1142)
- Zhu Bian, Chinese diplomat, poet and writer (b. 1085)
1145
- February 15 – Lucius II, pope of the Catholic Church
- March 23 – Tashfin ibn Ali, Almoravid emir
- April 5 – Gabriel II, patriarch of Alexandria
- October 6 – Baldwin, archbishop of Pisa
- November 26 – Bellinus of Padua, Italian bishop
- Fujiwara no Tamako, Japanese empress (b. 1101)
- Magnus Haraldsson, king of Norway (approximate date)
- Sophia of Bavaria, German noblewoman (b. 1105)
- William of Malines, Flemish priest (approximate date)
- Zhang Zeduan, Chinese landscape painter (b. 1085)
1146
- February 5 – Zafadola, Arab ruler of the Hudid Dynasty
- February 26 – Geoffrey de Gorham, Norman scholar
- April 14 – Gertrude of Sulzbach, German queen (b. 1110)
- June 1 – Ermengarde of Anjou, French duchess and regent
- August 1 – Vsevolod II, Grand Prince of Kiev (Rurik Dynasty)
- August 27 – Eric III, king of Denmark (House of Estridsen)
- September 14 – Imad ad-Din Zengi, Seljuk ruler of Syria
- September 15 – Alan (the Black), 1st Earl of Richmond
- Adam of Saint Victor, French Latin poet and composer
- Izz al-Din Husayn, Persian ruler of the Ghurid Dynasty
- Robert Pullen, English theologian (approximate date)
- Rodrigo Gómez, Castilian nobleman and military leader
1147
- January 13 – Robert de Craon, French Grand Master
- April 6 – Frederick II, German nobleman (b. 1090)
- April 9 – Conrad I, archbishop of Salzburg (b. 1075)
- July 31 – Hugh of Crécy, French nobleman
- September 19 – Igor II Olgovich, Kievan prince
- September – Fatimah Khatun, wife of caliph al-Muqtafi.
- October 31 – Robert FitzRoy, English nobleman
- December 25 – Guy II, French nobleman
- Agatha of Lorraine, French noblewoman
- Alan I, Viscount of Rohan (Alain le Noir), French nobleman (b. 1084)
- Comita II (or III), Italian ruler of Arborea
- Eleanor of Blois, French noblewoman
- Fannu, Almoravid princess and warrior
- Guido de Castro Ficeclo, Italian cardinal
- Hériman of Tournai, French chronicler
- Ibn Bassam, Andalusian poet and historian
- Ibrahim ibn Tashfin, Almoravid sultan
- John Capellanus, Scottish chancellor
- Martim Moniz, Portuguese nobleman
- Satake Masayoshi, Japanese samurai (b. 1081)
- William Fitz Duncan, Scottish prince
1148
- January 3 – Anselm of St. Saba, English bishop
- January 6
- Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke (b. 1100)
- William de Warenne, 3rd Earl of Surrey (b. 1119)
- January 24 – Ascelin (or Anselm), English bishop
- April 16
- Robert de Bethune, bishop of Hereford
- Roger de Clinton, bishop of Coventry
- August 21 – William II, count of Nevers (b. 1089)
- September 17 – Conan III, duke of Brittany (b. 1095)
- September 30 – Magnús Einarsson, Icelandic bishop
- November 2 – Malachy, Irish archbishop and saint (b. 1094)
- Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi, Andalusian scholar (b. 1076)
- Alberic of Ostia, French cardinal-bishop (b. 1080)
- Alfonso Jordan, count of Toulouse (b. 1103)
- Amadeus III, count of Savoy and Maurienne
- Ari Thorgilsson, Icelandic chronicler (b. 1067)
- Hedwig of Gudensberg, German countess (b. 1098)
- Henry of Lausanne, French monk and preacher
- Mahaut of Albon, countess of Savoy (b. 1112)
- Reginald III (or Renaud), count of Burgundy
- Roger III, duke of Apulia and Calabria (b. 1118)
- Simon of Vermandois, French bishop (b. 1093)
- William of St. Thierry, French abbot and writer
- Wuzhu, Chinese prince, general and minister
- Ye Mengde, Chinese minister and poet (b. 1077)
1149
- January 15 – Berengaria of Barcelona, queen of Castile (b. 1116)
- March 10 – Reginald I (the One-Eyed), count of Bar
- April 24 – Petronille de Chemillé, French abbess
- May 8 – Bernard du Bec, French Benedictine abbot
- June 29 – Raymond of Poitiers, prince of Antioch
- August 28 – Mu'in al-Din Unur, Seljuk ruler of Damascus
- September 30 – Arnaud de Lévezou, French archbishop
- October 8 – Al-Hafiz, caliph of the Fatimid Caliphate
- Joseph ibn Tzaddik, Spanish Jewish rabbi and poet
- Machig Labdrön, Tibetan Buddhist teacher (b. 1055)
- Pedro Helías, archbishop of Santiago de Compostela
- Qadi Ayyad, Almoravid imam and chief judge (b. 1083)
- Stephen Kontostephanos, Byzantine aristocrat (b. 1107)
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References
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