1570s - Wikiwand

The 1570s decade ran from January 1, 1570, to December 31, 1579.

1570

January–March

January 8 – Ivan the Terrible begins the Massacre of Novgorod.^[1]
January 23 – The assassination of Scottish regent James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray, by James Hamilton, the first known shooting of a national leader, throws Scotland into civil war. Having loaded a carbine rifle and carried it into the Linlithgow home of his uncle, the Archbishop of St Andrews, Hamilton stands at an upstairs window overlooking the street where Moray will ride by on horseback as part of cavalcade. Once Moray comes into range, Hamilton fires and fatally wounds the regent for King James VI.^[2]
February 8 – An estimated 8.3 magnitude earthquake occurs in Concepción, Chile.^[3]
February 5 – Venus occults Jupiter; this will next happen in 1818.^[4]
March 28 – The ambassador of the Ottoman Sultan Selim II goes before the governing Council of the Venetian Republic and requests that Venice surrender the island of Cyprus.^[5] The Council rejects the demand and prepares to go to war with the Ottoman Empire.

April–June

April 7 – In Scotland, Colin Campbell of Glenorchy receives permission from the Regent, the Earl of Morton, to execute the chief of Clan Gregor, his son-in-law Gregor Roy MacGregor,^[6] and carries out MacGregor's beheading at Balloch in front of the Earl of Atholl.
April 27 – Pope Pius V excommunicates Queen Elizabeth I of England, and all persons who show allegiance to her, with the bull Regnans in Excelsis.^[7]
May 20 – Abraham Ortelius publishes the first modern atlas, Theatrum Orbis Terrarum, in Antwerp.^[8]
May 24 – Battle of Manila: The Spanish, led by Martín de Goiti, defeat the forces of Raja Sulayman.^[9]
June 10 – The Kingdom of Livonia is established.^[10]

July–September

July 3 – The Ottoman conquest of Cyprus begins as more than 350 Ottoman ships and over 60,000 troops land near Larnaca and then march toward the Cypriot capital, Nicosia.^[11]
July 14 – Pope Pius V issues Quo primum, promulgating the 1570 edition of the Roman Missal.^[12]
July 22
- Thomson Snell & Passmore is founded, the oldest law firm in operation.
- The siege of Nicosia by the Ottoman Empire begins in Cyprus and lasts for seven weeks.^[11]
July 30 – (28th day of 6th month of Genki 1 Battle of Anegawa: The allied forces of Oda Nobunaga and Tokugawa Ieyasu defeat the combined forces of the Azai and Asakura clans.^[13]
August 8 – The Peace of Saint-Germain ends the Third War of Religion in France. Again, the Huguenots are promised religious freedom and political autonomy.^[14]
August 16 – The Treaty of Speyer is signed between John Sigismund Zápolya, Prince of Transylvania and Maximilian II, King of Hungary.^[15]
September 9 – Nicosia falls to the Turks under the command of General Lala Mustafa Pasha. After the Ottomans breach the walls, the Venetian defenders are massacred and the women and boys are sold into slavery.^[11]
September 10 – A party of ten Spanish Jesuit missionaries land on the Virginia Peninsula of North America to establish the Ajacán Mission, which will be massacred in February 1571.^[16]
September 25 (26th day of 8th month of Genki 1 – The 10-year-long Ishiyama Hongan-ji War begins in Japan as Oda Nobunaga stages simultaneous attacks on two fortresses (Ishiyama Hongan-ji and Nagashima) of the Ikkō-ikki faction near Osaka.^[17]

October–December

October 3 – Princess Anna of Austria arrives in Spain to become the Queen Consort of Spain as the bride of her uncle King Philip of Spain,^[18] whom she had married by proxy on May 4.^[19] Having traveled through the Netherlands, she asks King Philip to spare the life of the rebel Floris of Montmorency, but the King arranges the strangulation of Floris on October 14.
November 17 – A major earthquake strikes the Italian city of Ferrara at 3:00 in the morning local time, destroying 40 percent of the buildings in the city, but causing only 171 deaths.^[20] After the initial shocks, a sequence of aftershocks continue for four years, with over 2,000 in the period from November 1570 to February 1571.^[21]
December 13 – The Treaty of Stettin ends the Northern Seven Years' War.^[22]

Date unknown

Spanish conquistador Juan de Salcedo (in the service of Miguel López de Legazpi) begins the conquest of the Kingdom of Maynila.^[23]
Construction of the original Catedral Nuestra Señora de La Asunción, the oldest church in Venezuela, begins.^[24]
The Whitechapel Bell Foundry is known to be in existence in London.^[25]^[26] By 2017, when it closes its premises in Whitechapel, it will be the oldest manufacturing company in Great Britain.
Andrea Palladio publishes I quattro libri dell'architettura in Venice.^[27]
Volcanic eruption in the Santorini caldera begins.^[28]
The Andean population of the Viceroyalty of Peru reaches 1.3 million.^[29]

Births

1570

January 1 – Dorothea of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Spouse of Charles I, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld (d. 1649)^[201]
January 19 – Wolfgang Hirschbach, German legal scholar (d. 1620)
March 25 – Henry Lennard, 12th Baron Dacre, English baron and politician (d. 1616)^[202]
April 13 – Guy Fawkes, English conspirator (d. 1606)^[203]
May 8 – Tamás Esterházy, Hungarian writer (d. 1616)
May 22 – Johann II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar, German duke (d. 1605)^[204]
June 7 – Sultan Murad Mirza, Mughal prince (d. 1599)^[205]
June 13 – Paul Peuerl, German organist (d. 1625)^[206]
August 10 – Philip, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (1587–1590) (d. 1590)^[207]
August 19 – Salamone Rossi, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1630)^[208]
August 21 – Christopher, Duke of Brunswick-Harburg, co-ruler of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Harburg (1603–1606) (d. 1606)^[209]
August 22 – Franz von Dietrichstein, German Catholic bishop (d. 1636)^[210]
August 31 – Gustav of Saxe-Lauenburg, German noble (d. 1597)^[211]
October 3 – George Coke, British bishop (d. 1646)^[212]
October 4 – Péter Pázmány, Hungarian cardinal and statesman (d. 1637)^[213]^[214]
October 7 – Volkert Overlander, Dutch mayor (d. 1630)
November 1 – Phineas Pett, English shipwright and member of the Pett Dynasty (d. 1647)^[215]
November 15 – Francesco Curradi, Italian painter (d. 1661)^[216]
November 20 – Giovanni Battista Agucchi, Italian churchman, papal diplomat, and writer on art theory (d. 1632)^[217]
November 26 – Christian, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Ærø (1622–1633) (d. 1633)^[218]
November 28 – James Whitelocke, English judge (d. 1632)^[219]
December 7 – Richard Cecil, English politician (d. 1633)^[220]
December 29 – Wilhelm Lamormaini, Luxembourgian theologian (d. 1648)^[221]
date unknown
- Diego Aduarte, Prior of Manila (d. 1637)^[222]
- Robert Aytoun, Scottish poet (d. 1638)^[223]
- Ebba Bielke, Swedish baroness and conspirator (d. 1618)^[224]
- John Cooper, English composer and lutenist (d. 1626)^[225]
- Simon Grahame, Scottish-born adventurer (d. 1614)^[226]
- Nakagawa Hidenari, Japanese daimyō (d. 1612)^[227]
- Hans Lippershey, Dutch lensmaker (d. 1619)^[228]
- Asprilio Pacelli, Italian Baroque composer (d. 1623)^[229]
- Girolamo Rainaldi, Italian architect (d. 1655)^[230]
- Claudia Sessa, Italian composer (d. 1617/19)^[231]
- Katharina Henot, German General Postmaster and alleged witch (d. 1627)^[232]
- Urszula Meyerin, politically influential Polish courtier (d. 1635)^[233]
- Christina Rauscher, German official and critic of witchcraft persecutions (d. 1618)
- John Dackombe, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (d. 1618)^[234]

1571

January 9 – Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, Count of Bucquoy, French soldier in Habsburg service (d. 1621)
January 27 – Abbas I of Safavid, Shah of Iran (d. 1629)
February 15 – Michael Praetorius, German composer and writer on music (d. 1621)^[235]
March 31 – Pietro Aldobrandini, Italian cardinal, archbishop (d. 1621)
April 17 – Adam Contzen, German economist (d. 1635)
April 22 – Giovanni Branca, Italian architect and engineer (d. 1645)
April 24 – Sur Singh, Ruler of Marwar (d. 1619)
May 11 – Niwa Nagashige, Japanese warlord (d. 1637)
June 17 – Thomas Mun, English writer on economics (d. 1641)
July 16 – Theodoor Galle, Flemish engraver (d. 1633)
August 2 – Charles, Duke of Guise, son of Henry I (d. 1640)
August 14 – Anders Bure, founder of Swedish cartography (d. 1646)
September 12 – Álvaro de Bazán, 2nd Marquis of Santa Cruz (d. 1646)
September 21 – Giovanni Battista Magnani, Italian architect (d. 1653)
September 29 – Caravaggio, Venetian artist (d. 1610)^[236]
October 7
- Anton Henry, Count of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen from 1586 (d. 1638)
- Maria, Abbess of Quedlinburg, German abbess (d. 1610)
October 15 – Jacob Matham, Dutch artist (d. 1631)
October 18 – Wolfgang Ratke, German educational reformer (d. 1635)
November 18 – Hippolytus Guarinonius, Italian physician and polymath (d. 1654)
December 3 – Lakshmi Kumara Thathachariar, Indian saint (d. 1643)
December 4 – Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias, Spanish prince (d. 1578)
December 9 – Metius, Dutch mathematician and astronomer (d. 1635)
December 20
- Giles de Coninck, Flemish Jesuit theologian (d. 1633)
- Scévole de Sainte-Marthe, French historian (d. 1650)
December 27 – Johannes Kepler, German astronomer (d. 1630)^[237]
December 31 – Emperor Go-Yōzei of Japan (d. 1617)
date unknown
- Henry Ainsworth, English Nonconformist clergyman and scholar (d. 1622)
- William Bedell, Anglican churchman (d. 1642)
- Willem Blaeu, Dutch cartographer (d. 1638)
- Charles Butler, English beekeeper and philologist (d. 1647)
- Inés de Hinojosa, Venezuelan hacendada (b. 1540)
- Frederick de Houtman, Dutch explorer (d. 1627)
- Esther Inglis, French (?British-born) calligrapher (d. 1624)
- Lucrezia Marinella, Italian poet and author (d. 1653)
- Paulus Moreelse, Dutch painter (d. 1638)
- Hugh Roe O'Donnell, Irish chieftain and rebel (d. 1603)
- Aleksander Ostrogski, Polish nobleman (d. 1603)
- Alessandro Peretti di Montalto, Venetian cardinal (d. 1623)
- Thomas Storer, English poet (d. 1604)
- Thomas Wintour, English Gunpowder Plot conspirator (d. 1606)

1572

January 7 – Antoine de Gaudier, French Jesuit writer (d. 1622)
January 11 – Elizabeth Wriothesley, Countess of Southampton, English countess (d. 1655)
January 22 – John Donne, English poet and soldier (d. 1631),
February 1 – Ellen Marsvin, Danish noble, landowner and county administrator (d. 1649)
February 14 – William Cooke, English politician (d. 1619)
February 27 – Francis II, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1632)
February 29 – Edward Cecil, 1st Viscount Wimbledon, English viscount (d. 1638)
March 4 – István Esterházy, Hungarian noble (d. 1596)
March 10 – Tommaso Caracciolo, Field Marshal of Spanish forces in the Thirty Years' War (d. 1631)
March 20 – Otto III, Duke of Brunswick-Harburg (d. 1641)
April 4 – William Strachey, English writer (d. 1621)
April 14 – Adam Tanner, Austrian Jesuit professor of mathematics and philosophy (d. 1632)
May 20 – John Davenant, English Anglican bishop (d. 1641)
May 25 – Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel, German musician (d. 1632)
June 8 – Honorat de Porchères Laugier, French writer (d. 1653)
June 10 – Henry II, Count of Reuss-Gera, Lord of Gera, Lobenstein and Oberkranichfeld (1572–1635) (d. 1635)
June 11 – Ben Jonson, English dramatist (d. 1637)
July 16 – Teimuraz I, Prince of Mukhrani, Georgian prince (d. 1625)
July 25 – Theodorus Schrevelius, Dutch Golden Age writer and poet (d. 1649)
August 6 – Fakhr-al-Din II, Ottoman Emir of Chouf (d. 1635)
September 11 – Daniyal, Imperial Prince of the Royal House of Timur, Viceroy of Deccan (d. 1604)
September 27 – Francis van Aarssens, Dutch diplomat (d. 1641)
September 30 – Denis-Simon de Marquemont, French cardinal and archbishop (d. 1626)
October 27 – Marie Elisabeth of France, French princess (d. 1578)
November 4 – William Whitmore, English politician (d. 1648)
November 7 – Johannes Saeckma, Dutch Golden Age magistrate and judge of Leeuwarden (d. 1636)
November 8 – John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1619)
November 23 – Albret Skeel, State Admiral of Denmark (d. 1639)
November 25 – Daniel Sennert, German physician, chemist (d. 1637)
December 1 – Vilem Slavata of Chlum, Czech nobleman (d. 1652)
December 20 – Edward Russell, 3rd Earl of Bedford, son of Sir Francis Russell (d. 1627)
December 22 – Juan López de Agurto de la Mata, Spanish Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Coro (later Bishop of Caracas) (1634–1637) and Bishop of Puerto Rico (1630–1634) (d. 1637)
December 27 – Johannes Vodnianus Campanus, Czech humanist, composer, pedagogue, poet and dramatist (d. 1622)
date unknown
- Johann Bayer, German astronomer (d. 1625)
- Alfonso de la Cueva, 1st Marquis of Bedmar, Spanish diplomat (d. 1655)
- Arend Dickmann, Dutch admiral in the Polish Navy (d. 1627)
- John Floyd, English Jesuit (d. 1649)
- Regina Basilier, German-Swedish merchant banker (d. 1631)
- Bartholomew Gosnold, English lawyer and explorer (d. 1607)
- Cyril Lucaris, Greek prelate and theologian (d. 1637)
- James Mabbe, English scholar and poet (d. 1642)
- Thomas Tomkins, Welsh composer (d. 1656)
probable – Giovanni Bernardino Azzolini or Mazzolini or Asoleni, Italian painter (d. c.1645)

1573

January 10 – Simon Marius, German astronomer (d. 1624)^[238]
January 18 – Ambrosius Bosschaert, still life painter of the Dutch Golden Age (d. 1621)^[239]
January 20 – Alexander, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg (d. 1627)^[240]
January 22 – Ludwig Camerarius, German politician (d. 1651)^[241]
January 30 – Georg Friedrich, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (1604–1622) (d. 1638)^[242]
February 28 – Elias Holl, German architect (d. 1646)^[243]
March 12 – Agnes Hedwig of Anhalt, Abbess of Gernrode, Electress of Saxony, Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderborg-Plön (d. 1616)^[244]
March 24 – Giovanni Doria, Spanish noble (d. 1642)^[245]
April 6 – Margaret of Brunswick-Lüneburg, German noble (d. 1643)^[246]
April 12 – Jacques Bonfrère, Flemish Jesuit priest, biblical scholar (d. 1642)^[247]
April 13 – Christina of Holstein-Gottorp, Queen of Sweden (d. 1625)^[248]
April 17 – Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria (d. 1651)^[249]
April 28 – Charles de Valois, Duke of Angoulême, natural son of Charles IX of France (d. 1650)^[250]
May 12 – Henri, Duke of Montpensier, French noble (d. 1608)
May 13 – Taj Bibi Bilqis Makani, Mughal empress (d. 1619)^[251]
June 12 – Robert Radclyffe, 5th Earl of Sussex, British Earl (d. 1629)
June 16 – Andries de Witt, Grand Pensionary of Holland (d. 1637)^[252]
June 28 – Henry Danvers, 1st Earl of Danby, English noble (d. 1643)^[253]
July 12 – Pietro Carrera, Italian priest, painter and saint (d. 1647)^[254]
July 14 – Bonaventure Hepburn, Scottish philologist and Minim friar (d. 1620)^[255]
July 15 – Inigo Jones, English architect (d. 1652)^[256]
July 18 – Odoardo Fialetti, Italian painter (d. 1638)^[257]
July 25 – Christoph Scheiner, German astronomer and Jesuit (d. 1650)^[258]
July 29 – Philip II, Duke of Pomerania-Stettin (d. 1618)^[259]
August 16 – Anne of Austria, Queen of Poland (d. 1598)^[260]
August 25 – Elizabeth of Denmark, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, German regent (d. 1626)^[261]
September 8 – Georg Friedrich von Greiffenklau, Archbishop of Mainz (d. 1629)
September 28 – Théodore de Mayerne, Swiss physician (d. 1654)^[262]
September 29 – Robert Payne, English politician (d. 1631)^[263]
October 6 – Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton (d. 1624)^[264]
October 7 – William Laud, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1645)^[265]
October 11 – Jacobus Boonen, Dutch Catholic archbishop (d. 1655)^[266]
November 3 – Catherine of Lorraine, Abbess of Remiremont (d. 1648)^[267]
November 29 – Johannes Canuti Lenaeus, archbishop of Uppsala (d. 1669)^[268]
November 30 – Aubert Miraeus, Belgian historian (d. 1640)^[269]
December 7 – Odoardo Farnese, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1626)^[270]
December 21 – Mathurin Régnier, French satirist (d. 1613)^[271]
December 22 – Ernest Casimir I, Count of Nassau-Dietz (1606–1632) and Stadtholder of Groningen, Friesland and Drenthe (1625–1632) (d. 1632)^[272]
December 23 – Giovanni Battista Crespi, Italian painter (d. 1632)^[273]
date unknown
- Gabrielle d'Estrées, French royal mistress (d. 1599)^[274]
- Richard Johnson, English romance writer (d. 1659)
- Johannes Junius, Burgomeister of Bamberg (d. 1628)^[275]
- Oeyo, wife of Tokugawa Hidetada (d. 1626)
- Sigismund Báthory, Prince of Transylvania and of the Holy Roman Empire (d. 1613)
approximate year
- June – Joan Pau Pujol, Catalan composer and organist (d. 1626)

1574

January 17 – Robert Fludd, English Rosicrucian and Paracelsian physicist (d. 1637)^[276]
February 17 – Pedro Téllez-Girón, 3rd Duke of Osuna, Spanish nobleman and politician (d. 1624)^[277]
March 4 – Carl Gyllenhielm, Swedish soldier and politician (d. 1650)^[278]
March 5 – William Oughtred, English mathematician and Anglican minister (d. 1660)^[279]
March 7 – John Wilbye, English composer (date of baptism) (d. 1638)^[280]
April 27 – Philip Rubens, Flemish lawyer and older brother to painter Peter Paul Rubens (d. 1611)^[281]
May 6 – Pope Innocent X (d. 1655)^[282]
May 14
- Daniel Dumonstier, French artist (d. 1646)^[283]
- Francesco Rasi, Italian composer, singer, instrumentalist, poet (d. 1621)^[284]
June 13 – Juan Alonso de Solis y Mendoza, Spanish Catholic prelate, Bishop of Puerto Rico (1635–1640) (d. 1640)^[285]
June 13 – Wilhelm Kettler, Duke of Courland (d. 1640)
June – Richard Barnfield, English poet (d. 1627)^[286]
July 1 – Joseph Hall, English bishop and satirist (d. 1656)^[287]
July 2 – Dorothea Maria of Anhalt, Duchess consort of Saxe-Weimar (1602–1605) (d. 1617)^[288]
July 10 – Clara Maria of Pomerania-Barth, German noble (d. 1623)^[289]
July 23 – Balthasar I Moretus, Flemish printer (d. 1641)^[290]
August 2 – Sir Richard Beaumont, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1631)^[291]
August 7 – Robert Dudley, styled Earl of Warwick, English explorer and geographer (d. 1649)^[292]
August 28 – Frederick IV, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1636–1648) (d. 1648)^[293]
August 30 – Albert Szenczi Molnár, Hungarian translator (d. 1634)^[294]
September 6 – Luis Sotelo, Spanish Franciscan friar who died as a martyr in Japan (d. 1624)
September 18 – Claudio Achillini, Italian philosopher, theologian, mathematician, poet, jurist (d. 1640)^[295]
September 29 – Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox, Scottish nobleman and politician (d. 1624)^[296]
September – Thomas Gataker, English clergyman and theologian (d. 1654)^[297]
October 25 – François de Sourdis, French Catholic cardinal (d. 1628)^[298]^[299]
November 4 – Erycius Puteanus, Dutch humanist, philologist (d. 1646)^[300]
November 5 – Charlotte de La Marck, French duchess (d. 1594)^[301]
November 10 – Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria, Austrian archduchess (d. 1621)^[302]
November 30 – Frederick of Solms-Rödelheim, imperial chamberlain, war and Obrist (d. 1649)^[303]
December 8 – Maria Anna of Bavaria, Archduchess of Inner Austria (d. 1616)^[304]
December 10 – Mikołaj Łęczycki, Polish Jesuit (d. 1653)^[305]
December 12
- Adam Wenceslaus, Duke of Cieszyn (d. 1617)^[306]
- Anne of Denmark, queen of James VI of Scotland (d. 1619)^[307]
December 15 – Samuel Besler, Polish composer (d. 1625)^[308]
date unknown
- John Day, English dramatist (d. 1640)^[309]
- Wilhelm Kinsky, Bohemian nobleman (d. 1634)^[310]
- Claudio Pari, Sicilian composer^[311]
- Feng Menglong, Chinese poet (d. 1645)^[312]

1575

January – Elizabeth Cecil, 16th Baroness de Ros (d. 1591)
January 22 – Louis III, Cardinal of Guise (d. 1621)
c. February 3 – Bernard of Wąbrzeźno, Polish Catholic priest and Benedictine monk (d. 1603)
February 4 – Pierre de Bérulle, French cardinal and statesman (d. 1629)
February 15 – Louis Gunther of Nassau, Count of Nassau-Katzenelnbogen (d. 1604)
February 16 – Richard Carpenter, English priest and theologian (d. 1625)
February 21 – Marten Pepijn, Flemish painter (d. 1643)
February 27
- John Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (1590–1616) (d. 1616)
- Anna of Holstein-Gottorp, countess consort of East Frisia (d. 1610)
April 18 – Frederick Magnus, Count of Erbach-Fürstenau (1606–1618) (d. 1618)
April 21 – Francesco Molin, Doge of Venice (d. 1655)
April 26 – Marie de' Medici, queen of Henry IV of France (d. 1642)
May 20 – Robert Heath, English judge and politician (d. 1649)
May 30 – Diego Salcedo, Spanish bishop (d. 1644)
June 15 – Lelio Biscia, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1638)
June 24 – William Petre, 2nd Baron Petre, English peer and MP (d. 1637)
June 26 – Anne Catherine of Brandenburg (d. 1612)
July 2 – Elizabeth de Vere, Countess of Derby (d. 1627)
July 11 – Thomas Berkeley, English politician (d. 1611)
July 14 – Augustus, Prince of Anhalt-Plötzkau, German prince (d. 1653)
July 28 – Fernando de Valdés y Llanos, Spanish Catholic archbishop (d. 1639)
July 31 – Simon Steward, English politician (d. 1632)
August 14 – Robert Hayman, English-born poet (d. 1629)
August 15 – Diego, Prince of Asturias, Portuguese prince (d. 1582)
August 18 – Countess Palatine Anna Maria of Neuburg, Duchess of Saxe-Altenburg (d. 1643)
August 24 – William Burton, British antiquarian (d. 1645)
November 4 – Guido Reni, Italian painter (d. 1642)
November 26 – John Augustus, Count Palatine of Lützelstein, German count (d. 1611)
December 4 – The Nun of Monza, Italian nun (d. 1650)
December 18 – Michelagnolo Galilei, Italian lutenist and composer (d. 1631)
date unknown
- Jakob Böhme, German mystic (d. 1624)
- David Calderwood, Scottish divine and historian (d. 1650)
- Concino Concini, 3rd Prime Minister of France (d. 1617)
- Anna Kostka, Polish noblewoman (d. 1635)
- Lionel Cranfield, 1st Earl of Middlesex, successful London merchant (d. 1645)
- William Parker, 4th Baron Monteagle (d. 1622)
- Arbella Stuart, Duchess of Somerset (d. 1615)
- Cyril Tourneur, English dramatist (d. 1626)
- Rory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell (d. 1608)
probable
- Vittoria Aleotti, Italian composer (d. c. 1620)
- Giambattista Basile, Italian poet (d. 1632)
- Edmund Bolton, English historian and poet (d. 1633)
- Clemente Tabone, Maltese landowner and militia member (d. 1665)^[313]

1576

January 4 – Archduchess Catherine Renata of Austria, Austrian archduchess (d. 1599)
January 5 – Anne Turner, English murderer (d. 1615)
January 12 – Petrus Scriverius, Dutch writer and scholar on the history of Holland and Belgium (d. 1660)
February 2 – Alix Le Clerc, French Canoness Regular and foundress (d. 1622)
February 10 – Festus Hommius, Dutch theologian (d. 1642)
February 29 – Antonio Neri, Italian chemist (d. 1614)
March 14 – Eric of Lorraine, Bishop of Verdun (d. 1623)
March 31 – Countess Louise Juliana of Nassau, countess consort and a regent of the Palatinate (d. 1644)
May 17 – Joam Mattheus Adami, Italian Jesuit missionary (d. 1633)
May 24 – Elizabeth Carey, Lady Berkeley, English courtier (d. 1635)
May 27 – Caspar Schoppe, German controversialist and scholar (d. 1649)
June 6 – Giovanni Diodati, Swiss-born Italian Calvinist theologian and translator (d. 1649)
June 16 – Giovanni Battista Viola, Italian painter (d. 1622)
July 3 – Duchess Anna of Prussia, Electress consort of Brandenburg and Duchess consort of Prussia (d. 1625)
September 22 – Philipp of Bavaria, German Catholic cardinal (d. 1598)
October – Thomas Weelkes, English composer and organist (d. 1626)
October 6 – Roger Manners, 5th Earl of Rutland, eldest surviving son of John Manners (d. 1612)
October 7 – John Marston, English writer (d. 1634)
October 12 – Thomas Dudley, Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony (d. 1653)
October 28 – Rudolph, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst, Prince of Anhalt (1586–1603), then Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (1603–1621) (d. 1621)
October 30 – Enrico Caterino Davila, Italian historian and diplomat (d. 1631)
November 6 – Charles Günther, Count of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (1605–1630) (d. 1630)
November 17 – Roque Gonzales, Paraguayan missionary (d. 1628)
November 18 – Philipp Ludwig II, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg (1580–1612) (d. 1612)
November 27 – Shimazu Tadatsune, Japanese ruler of Satsuma (d. 1638)
December 20 – Saint John Sarkander, Moravian priest (d. 1620)
date unknown
- William Ames, English Protestant philosopher (d. 1633)
- John Carver, first governor of Plymouth Colony (d. 1621)
- Giulio Cesare la Galla, professor of philosophy at the Collegio Romano in Italy (d. 1624)
- Santino Solari, Swiss architect and sculptor (d. 1646)
probable – Jesper Mattson Cruus af Edeby, Swedish soldier and politician (d. 1622)

1577

January 9 – Anthony Irby, English politician (d. 1610)
January 12 – Francesco Stelluti, Italian mathematician (d. 1652)
January 13 – Hugh Audley, English moneylender/lawyer/philosopher (d. 1662)
February 5 – Johann Baptist Grossschedel, German noble, alchemist and esoteric author (d. 1630)
February 6 – Beatrice Cenci, Italian noblewoman who conspired to kill her father (d. 1599)^[314]
February 7 – Francis Walsingham, English Jesuit (d. 1647)
February 8 – Robert Burton, English scholar at Oxford University (d. 1640)
February 15 – Jean Riolan the Younger, French anatomist (d. 1657)
February 17 – Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg, German noble (d. 1656)
February 18 – Roger North, English politician (d. 1651)
February 22 – Pieter Huyssens, Flemish architect (d. 1637)
March 1 – Richard Weston, 1st Earl of Portland (d. 1635)
March 2 – George Sandys, English traveller (d. 1644)
March 5 – Franciscus Dousa, Dutch classical scholar (d. 1630)
March 20 – Alessandro Tiarini, Italian Baroque painter of the Bolognese School (d. 1668)
March 24 – Francis, Duke of Pomerania-Stettin, Bishop of Cammin (d. 1620)
April 12 – King Christian IV of Denmark and Norway (d. 1648)^[315]
April 26 – Countess Elisabeth of Nassau, French noble (d. 1642)
May 20 – Philip de' Medici, Italian noble (d. 1582)
May 31 – Nur Jahan, empress consort of the Mughal Empire (d. 1645)
June 12 – Paul Guldin, Swiss Jesuit mathematician (d. 1643)
June 28 – Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish painter (d. 1640)^[316]
July 9 – Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, English governor of Virginia (d. 1618)
July 21
- Anne de Montafié, Countess of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis, French countess (d. 1644)
- Adam Willaerts, Dutch painter (d. 1664)
August 11 (bapt.) – Barnaby Potter, English Bishop of Carlisle (d. 1642)
September 1 – Scipione Borghese, Italian Catholic cardinal and art collector (d. 1633)
September 8 – Otto Heurnius, Dutch physician and philosopher (d. 1652)
September 24 – Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1596 to 1626 (d. 1626)
October 3 – Tobie Matthew, English Member of Parliament, later Catholic priest (d. 1655)
October 6 – Ferdinand of Bavaria (d. 1650)
October 11 – Jørgen Lunge, Danish politician (d. 1619)
October 17
- Cristofano Allori, Italian portrait painter (d. 1621)
- Dmitry Pozharsky, Russian prince (d. 1642)
November 2 – John Bridgeman, British bishop (d. 1652)
November 4 – François Leclerc du Tremblay (d. 1638)
November 10 – Jacob Cats, Dutch poet, jurist and politician (d. 1660)
November 24 – Louis Philip, Count Palatine of Guttenberg, Palatinate-Veldenz (d. 1601)
November 25 – Piet Pieterszoon Hein, Dutch admiral and privateer for the Dutch Republic (d. 1629)
December 8 – Mario Minniti, Italian artist active in Sicily after 1606 (d. 1640)
December 20 – Antonio Brunelli, Italian composer and theorist (d. 1630)
December 25 – Petrus Kirstenius, German physician and orientalist (d. 1640)
December 27 – William Howard, 3rd Baron Howard of Effingham, English politician and Baron (d. 1615)
date unknown
- Christoph Besold, German jurist (d. 1638)
- Giacomo Cavedone, Italian painter (d. 1660)
- Robert Cushman, English Plymouth Colony settler (d. 1625)
- Kobayakawa Hideaki, Japanese samurai and warlord (d. 1602)
- William Noy, English lawyer and politician (d. 1634)
- Samuel Purchas, English travel writer (d. 1626)
- Meletius Smotrytsky, Ruthenian religious activist and author, who developed Church Slavonic grammar (d. 1633)
- Gerhard Johann Vossius, German classical scholar and theologian (d. 1649)

1578

January 7 – Agnes of Solms-Laubach, Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1602)
January 10 – Christopher Clitherow, Lord Mayor of London and Member of Parliament (d. 1641)
January 28 – Cornelius Haga, Dutch diplomat (d. 1654)
March 18 – Adam Elsheimer, German artist working in Rome, who died at only thirty-two (d. 1610)
April 1 – William Harvey, English physician (d. 1657)^[317]
April 14 – King Philip III of Spain (d. 1621)^[318]
April 17 – Maximilian van der Sandt, Dutch theologian (d. 1656)
May 11 – Christian Günther I, Count of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen (1601–1642) (d. 1642)
June 5 – Claude, Duke of Chevreuse (d. 1657)
June 13 – Thomas Finch, 2nd Earl of Winchilsea, Member of Parliament (d. 1639)
July 9 – Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1637)
July 21 – Philipp Hainhofer, German merchant, banker, diplomat and art collector (d. 1647)
July 27 – Frances Howard, Duchess of Richmond, British duchess (d. 1639)
July 31 – Countess Catharina Belgica of Nassau, regent of Hanau-Münzenberg (d. 1648)
August 5 – Charles d'Albert, duc de Luynes, first duke of Chaulnes (d. 1621)
August 10 – Matteo Rosselli, Italian painter (d. 1650)
August 17
- Francesco Albani, Italian painter (d. 1660)^[319]
- Johann, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, first prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (d. 1638)
August 24 – John Taylor, English poet who dubbed himself The Water Poet (d. 1653)
September 11 – Vincenzo Maculani, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1667)
September 17 – John Prideaux, English academic administrator and Anglican bishop (d. 1650)
October 4 – Giovanni Francesco Guidi di Bagno, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1641)
October 12 – Baldassare Aloisi, Italian painter (d. 1638)
October 19 – Christine of Hesse-Kassel, Duchess of Saxe-Eisenach and Saxe-Coburg (d. 1658)
November 4 – Wolfgang Wilhelm, Count Palatine of Neuburg, Duke of Jülich and Berg (1614–1635) (d. 1653)
November 6 – Maximilian of Liechtenstein, Austrian nobleman and Imperial General (d. 1645)
December 2 – Agostino Agazzari, Italian composer and music theorist (d. 1640)
December 7 – Okaji no Kata, Japanese concubine of Tokugawa Ieyasu (d. 1642)
December 20 – Henry of Lorraine, Duke of Mayenne, French noble (d. 1621)
December 28 – Henry Bulstrode, English Member of Parliament (d. 1643)
December 30 – Ulrik of Denmark, Danish prince-bishop (d. 1624)
approx. date – Fede Galizia, Italian painter
date unknown
- Giambattista Andreini, Italian actor and playwright (d. 1650)
- Yamada Arinaga, Japanese retainer of the Shimazu clan (d. 1668)
- Benedetto Castelli, Italian scientist (d. 1643)
- Thomas Coventry, 1st Baron Coventry, English lawyer (d. 1640)
- Iwasa Matabei, Japanese painter (d. 1650)
- Samuel Jordan, American colonial legislator (d. 1623)
- Grzegorz IV Radziwiłł, Polish magnate (d. 1613)
- François Ravaillac, killer of Henry IV of France (d. 1610)
- Ambrose Rookwood, English Gunpowder Plot conspirator (d. 1606)
- Francis Manners, 6th Earl of Rutland (d. 1632)
- Horio Tadauji, Japanese daimyō (d. 1604)
- Everard Digby, English conspirator (d. 1606)

1579

January 4 – Willem Teellinck, Dutch pastor (d. 1629)^[320]
January 6 – Juan Manuel Pérez de Guzmán, 8th Duke of Medina Sidonia, Spanish nobleman, Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece (d. 1636)^[321]
January 23 – Marie of Prussia, Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth (d. 1649)^[322]
January 27 – Antonio Tornielli, Italian Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Novara (1636–1650) (d. 1650)
February 24 – Johann Jacob Grasser, Swiss poet, historian and theologian (d. 1627)^[323]
March 23 – Francis Mansell, English academic (d. 1665)^[324]
April 10 – Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1666)^[325]
April 12 – François de Bassompierre, French courtier (d. 1646)^[326]
May 1 – Wolphert Gerretse, Dutch founder of the New Netherland Colony (d. 1662)
May 2 – Tokugawa Hidetada, Japanese shōgun (d. 1632)
June 17 – Louis I, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen, German prince (d. 1650)^[327]
June 18 – Afonso Mendes, Patriarch of Ethiopia (d. 1659)
July 2 – Janusz Radziwiłł, Lithuanian and Polish nobleman (d. 1620)^[328]
July 6
- Bernardino de Almansa Carrión, Spanish Catholic prelate and Archbishop (d. 1633)^[329]
- Francis Norris, 1st Earl of Berkshire, English noble (d. 1622)^[330]
July 13 – Arthur Dee, English physician and alchemist (d. 1651)^[331]
August 1 – Luis Vélez de Guevara, Spanish dramatist and novelist (d. 1644)^[332]
August 18 – Countess Charlotte Flandrina of Nassau, Dutch-French abbess (d. 1640)^[333]
August 21 – Henri, Duke of Rohan, French Huguenot soldier and writer (d. 1638)^[334]
August 23 – Thomas Dempster, Scottish scholar and historian (d. 1625)^[335]
September 1 – John Frederick of Holstein-Gottorp, Prince-Bishop, German Catholic archbishop (d. 1634)^[336]
September 3 – Louis I, Count of Erbach-Erbach (1606–1643) (d. 1643)^[337]
September 16 – Samuel Coster, Dutch writer (d. 1665)^[338]
September 17 – Charles Howard, 2nd Earl of Nottingham, English noble (d. 1642)^[339]
October 4 – Guido Bentivoglio, Italian cardinal (d. 1644)^[340]
October 18 – Anthony Abdy, English merchant (d. 1640)
November 7 – Juan de Peñalosa, Spanish painter (d. 1633)^[341]
November 11 – Frans Snyders, Flemish painter (d. 1657)^[342]
November 12 – Albrecht of Hanau-Münzenberg, German nobleman (d. 1635)^[343]
November 16 – Federico Baldissera Bartolomeo Cornaro, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1653)^[344]
December 9 – Martin de Porres, Peruvian monk, Roman Catholic saint (d. 1639)^[345]
December 20 (bapt.) – John Fletcher, English dramatist (d. 1625)^[346]
date unknown
- Jacob Astley, 1st Baron Astley of Reading, royalist commander in the English Civil War (d. 1652)^[347]
- Arthur Johnston, Scottish physician and poet (d. 1641)^[348]
- John Ogilvie, Scottish Jesuit, Roman Catholic saint (martyred 1615)^[349]
- Johannes Meursius, Dutch classical scholar and antiquary (d. 1639)^[350]

Deaths

1570

January 8 – Philibert de l'Orme, French architect (b. 1510)^[351]
February – Henry Balnaves, Scottish politician and religious reformer (b. 1512)^[352]
January 23 – James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray, regent of Scotland (assassinated) (b. c.1531)^[353]
February 13 – Eleonora Gonzaga, Duchess of Urbino, politically active Italian duchess (b. 1493)
February 20 – Johannes Scheubel, German mathematician (b. 1494)^[354]
March 1 – Bernhard VII, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (b. 1540)
March 16 – Ippolita Gonzaga, Italian nun (b. 1503)
April 13 – Daniele Barbaro, Italian architect (b. 1514)^[355]
July 3 – Aonio Paleario, Italian humanist and reformer (executed) (b. c. 1500)^[356]
July 25 – Ivan Mikhailovich Viskovatyi, Russian diplomat^[357]
August 4 – Marie Catherine Gondi, French court official (b. c. 1500)^[358]
September 11 – Johannes Brenz, German theologian and Protestant Reformer (b. 1499)^[359]
October 1 – Frans Floris, Flemish painter (b. 1520)^[360]
October 18 – Manuel da Nóbrega, Portuguese Jesuit missionary in Brazil (b. 1517)^[361]
October 20
- João de Barros, Portuguese historian (b. 1496)^[362]
- Francesco Laparelli, Italian architect (b. 1521)
November – Jacques Grévin, French dramatist (b. 1539)^[363]
November 21 – Ruxandra Lăpușneanu, Moldavian regent (b. 1538)^[364]
November 27 – Jacopo Sansovino, Italian sculptor and architect (b. 1486)^[365]
December 15 – Frederick III of Legnica, Duke of Legnica (b. 1520)^[366]
date unknown
- François Bonivard, Swiss patriot and historian (b. 1496)^[367]
- Francesco Primaticcio, Italian painter, architect, and sculptor (b. 1504)^[368]
- Tomás de Santa María, Spanish music theorist^[369]
- Agostino Gallo, Italian agronomist (b. 1499)^[370]

1571

January 3
- Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg (b. 1505)
- Yi Hwang, Korean Neo-Confucian scholar, (b.1502)
January 9 – Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon, French naval officer (b. 1510)
January 13 – John, Margrave of Brandenburg-Küstrin (b. 1513)
January 19 – Paris Bordone, Venetian painter (b. 1495)
February 12 – Nicholas Throckmorton, English diplomat and politician (b. 1515)
February 13 – Benvenuto Cellini, Italian artist (b. 1500)^[371]
March 6 – Tsukahara Bokuden, Japanese swordsman (b. 1489)
March 14 – John Sigismund Zápolya, King of Hungary (b. 1540)
March 21
- Odet de Coligny, French cardinal and Protestant (b. 1517)
- Hans Asper, Swiss painter (b. 1499)
April 6 – John Hamilton, Scottish prelate and politician (b. 1511)
May 4 – Pierre Viret, Swiss theologian (b. 1511)
May 29 – Joachim Mörlin, German Lutheran bishop (b. 1514)
June 1 – John Story, English Catholic (martyred) (b. 1504)
June 3 – Tarik Sulayman, Filipino chieftain
June 7 – Francesco Corteccia, Italian composer (b. 1502)
July 6 – Mōri Motonari, Japanese warlord (b. 1497)
July 15 – Shimazu Takahisa, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1514)
July 17 – Georg Fabricius, German poet (b. 1516)^[372]
August 17 – Marco Antonio Bragadin, Venetian lawyer and military officer (b. 1523)
September 4 – Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox (b. 1516)
September 23 – John Jewel, English Anglican bishop (b. 1522)
October 7
- Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg, Danish queen, consort of Christian III of Denmark (b. 1511)
- Müezzinzade Ali Pasha, Ottoman statesmen and naval officer
November 24 – Jan Blahoslav, Czech writer (b. 1523)
December 14 – Lorenzo Strozzi, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1513)
date unknown
- Titu Cusi, Incan ruler (b. 1529)
- Anna Vigfúsdóttir á Stóru-Borg, Icelandic landowner
- Setthathirath, Laotian king of Lan Na and Lan Xang (b. 1534)

1572

Saint John of Cologne and Martyrs of Gorkum died on July 7, 1572

January 22 – Henry VI, Burgrave of Plauen (b. 1536)
January 26 – Pierre de Monte, French 50th Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller (b. 1499)
February 21 – Cho Shik, Korean Confucian scholar and politician (b. 1501)
February 23 – Pierre Certon, French composer (b. c. 1510)
February 26 – Pedro Agustín, Spanish Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1512)
February 28
- Aegidius Tschudi, Swiss historian (b. 1505)
- Catherine of Austria, Queen of Poland (b. 1533)
- Udai Singh II, King of Mewar (b. 1522)
March 2 – Mem de Sá, Portuguese Governor-General of Brazil (b. c. 1500)
March 10 – William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester (b. c. 1483)
March 27 – Girolamo Maggi, Italian Renaissance man (b. c. 1523)
April 2 – Elisabeth of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Duchess of Guelders (1518–1538) (b. 1494)
May 1 – Pope Pius V (b. 1504)^[373]
May 11 – Moses Isserles, Polish Jewish rabbi and Talmudist (b. 1530)
June 2 – Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk (executed) (b. 1536)
June 9 – Jeanne d'Albret, Queen of Navarre (b. 1528)
June 28 – Johannes Goropius Becanus, Dutch physician, linguist, and humanist (b. 1519)
July 5 – Longqing Emperor of China (b. 1537)
July 7 – King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland (b. 1520)
July 9
- John of Cologne, Dutch Franciscan friar, martyr and saint (b. 1510)
- Martyrs of Gorkum (b. Dutch nationality)
- Nicholas Pieck, Dutch Franciscan friar, martyr and saint (b. 1534)
July 25 – Isaac Luria, Palestinian-born Jewish Kabbalist (b. 1534)
August 20 – Miguel López de Legazpi, Spanish conquistador (b. 1502)
August 24
- Gaspard de Coligny, French Protestant leader (b. 1519)
- Charles de Téligny, French soldier and diplomat (b. 1535)
August 26 – Pierre de la Ramée, French humanist scholar (b. 1515)
August – Claude Goudimel, French composer (b. 1510)
September – Denis Lambin, French classical scholar (b. 1520)
September 19 – Archduchess Barbara of Austria (b. 1539)
September 24 – Túpac Amaru, last of the Incas
September 30 – Francis Borgia, Italian Jesuit priest and saint (b. 1510)
October 24 – Edward Stanley, 3rd Earl of Derby, English politician (b. 1508)
October 25 – Cosimo Bartoli, Italian diplomat and writer (b. 1503)
October 29 – John Erskine, Earl of Mar, regent of Scotland
November 9 – Al-Mutahhar, Imam of the Zaidi state of Yemen (b. 1503)
November 12 – Henry of Stolberg, German nobleman (b. 1509)
November 23 – Agnolo di Cosimo (Bronzino), Italian artist and poet (b. 1503)
November 24 – John Knox, Scottish religious reformer (b. 1513)^[374]
December 2 – Ippolito II d'Este, Italian cardinal and statesman (b. 1509)
December 12 – Loredana Marcello, Venetian dogaressa and botanist
December 22 – François Clouet, French miniaturist (b. c. 1510)
December 23 – Johann Sylvan, Reformed German theologian (executed; date of birth unknown)^[375]
date unknown
- Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski, Polish scholar (b. 1503)
- Francisco de Moraes, Portuguese author and writer (b. 1500)
- Yasumi Naomasa, Japanese military commander
- Stanisław Zamoyski, Polish nobleman (b. 1519)
probable – Christopher Tye, English composer and organist (b. 1505)

1573

January 1
- Hans Boije af Gennäs, Swedish commander
- Johann Pfeffinger, German theologian (b. 1493)^[376]
January 12 – William Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Effingham, English Lord High Admiral (b. 1510)^[377]
February 7 – Hedwig Jagiellon, Electress of Brandenburg (b. 1513)
March 2 – Johann Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Weimar (b. 1530)
March 3 – Claude, Duke of Aumale, third son of Claude, Duke of Guise (b. 1526)^[378]
March 13 – Michel de l'Hôpital, French statesman (b. 1505)^[379]
March 17 – Maria van Schooten, Dutch war heroine (b. 1555)^[380]
April 2 – Otto Truchsess von Waldburg, German Catholic cardinal (b. 1514)^[381]
April 7 – Andreas Masius, Flemish Catholic priest (b. 1514)^[382]
April 29 – Guillaume Le Testu, French privateer (b. 1509)^[383]
May 13 – Takeda Shingen, Japanese warlord (b. 1521)^[384]
June 15 – Antun Vrančić, Croatian archbishop (b. 1504)^[385]
July – Étienne Jodelle, French dramatist and poet (b. 1532)^[386]
July 7 – Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola, Italian architect (b. 1507)^[387]
July 16 – Wigbolt Ripperda, mayor of Haarlem, Netherlands^[388]
July 29
- John Caius, English physician (b. 1510)^[389]
- Ruy Gómez de Silva, Portuguese noble (b. 1516)
August 14 – Saitō Tatsuoki, Japanese warlord (b. 1548)
September 7 – Joanna of Austria, Princess of Portugal (b. 1535)
September 16 – Asakura Yoshikage, Japanese warlord (b. 1533)^[390]
September 23 – Azai Hisamasa, Japanese warlord (b. 1526)^[391]
September 26 – Azai Nagamasa, Japanese warlord (b. 1545)^[392]
October 27 – Laurentius Petri, first Lutheran Archbishop of Sweden (b. 1499)^[393]
November 9 – Shimazu Katsuhisa, Japanese nobleman (b. 1503)
November 17 – Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda, Spanish philosopher and theologian (b. 1494)^[394]
December 30 – Giovanni Battista Giraldi, Italian novelist and poet (b. 1504)^[395]
date unknown
- Paul Skalich, Croatian encyclopedist (b. 1534)^[396]
- Reginald Wolfe, English printer
February 3 – Murakami Yoshikiyo, Japanese warlord (b. 1501)^[397]
- Richard Grafton, English merchant and printer (b. c.1506/7)^[398]

1574

January 26 – Martin Helwig, German cartographer of Silesia (b. 1516)^[399]
January 30 – Damião de Góis, Portuguese philosopher (b. 1502)^[400]
March 4 – Anna II, Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg, German noblewoman, reigning from 1516 until her death (b. 1504)^[401]
March 27 – Takeda Nobutora, Japanese warlord (b. 1494)^[402]
April 14 – Louis of Nassau, Dutch general (b. 1538)^[92]
April 17 – Joachim Camerarius, German classical scholar (b. 1500)^[403]
April 21 – Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1519)^[404]
April 30 – Joseph Boniface de La Molle, Provençale lover of Marguerite de Valois (b. 1530)
May 14 – Guru Amar Das, third Sikh Guru (b. 1479)
May 3 – Giovanni Ricci, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1498)^[405]
May 30 – King Charles IX of France (b. 1550)^[94]
June 12 – Renée of France, French princess (b. 1510)^[406]
June 14 – John III the Terrible, Voivode of Moldavia (b. 1521)^[407]
June 26 – Gabriel, comte de Montgomery, captain of the Scottish Guard of Henry II of France (b. 1530)^[408]
June 27 – Giorgio Vasari, Italian painter and architect (b. 1511)^[409]
July 26 – Birgitte Gøye, Danish county administrator, lady in waiting, landholder and educator (b. 1511)^[410]
August 23 – Ebussuud Efendi, Ottoman Grand Mufti (b. 1490)^[411]
August 27 – Bartolomeo Eustachi, Italian anatomist
September 1 – Louis, Count of Stolberg, German noble (b. 1505)^[412]
September 4 – Charles de Mornay, Swedish (originally French) court official, diplomat and royal favorite (b. 1514)^[413]
September 15 – Margaret of France, Duchess of Berry (b. 1523)^[414]
September 17 – Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, Spanish admiral and explorer (b. 1519)^[415]
September 26 – Elisabeth of Anhalt-Zerbst, Abbess of Gernrode and Frose, Countess of Barby-Mühlingen (b. 1545)
September 28 – Guidobaldo II della Rovere, Duke of Urbino, Italian condottiero (b. 1514)^[416]
October 1 – Maarten van Heemskerck, Dutch painter (b. 1498)^[417]
November 23 – John III, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken, German noble (b. 1511)^[418]
November 28 – Georg Major, German Protestant theologian (b. 1502)^[419]
December 4 – Georg Joachim Rheticus, German mathematician and cartographer (b. 1514)^[420]
December 12 – Selim II, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1524)^[421]
December 25 – Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine (b. 1524)^[422]
date unknown
- Hans Eworth, Flemish painter (b. 1520)^[423]
- Martin de Goiti, Spanish conquistador

1575

January 4 – Sidonie of Saxony, Duchess of Brunswick-Calenberg (b. 1518)
January 14 – Barbara Uthmann, German businessperson (b. 1514)
January 22 – James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault (b. 1516)
January 29 – Hernando de Aragón, Spanish Roman Catholic archbishop (b. 1498)
February 9 – Karl Friedrich of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, heir apparent of Jülich-Cleves-Berg (b. 1555)
February 20 – Maria of Jever, last ruler of the Lordship of Jever (b. 1500)
February 21 – Claude of Valois, Duchess consort of Lorraine and French princess (b. 1547)
March 11 – Matthias Flacius, Croatian Protestant reformer (b. 1520)
March 15 – Annibale Padovano, Italian composer and organist (b. 1527)
March 17 – Georg Cracow, German lawyer and politician (b. 1525)
March 24 – Yosef Karo, Spanish-born Jewish rabbi. Author of the book "Shulchan Aruch" (b. 1488)
May 17 – Matthew Parker, English Roman Catholic archbishop (b. 1504)
May 28 – Sophia Jagiellon, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg (b. 1522)
June 3 – Francisco de Ibarra, Spanish explorer and colonial governor in Mexico (b. c. 1539)
June 7 – Sir George Heron, English politician
June 28 – Yonekura Shigetsugu, Japanese samurai
June 29
- Baba Nobuharu, Japanese samurai
- Hara Masatane, Japanese samurai (b. 1531)
- Naito Masatoyo, Japanese samurai (b. 1522)
- Sanada Nobutsuna, Japanese samurai (b. 1537)
- Takeda Nobuzane, Japanese daimyō
- Yamagata Masakage, Japanese samurai (b. 1524)
July 14 – Richard Taverner, English Bible translator (b. 1505)
July 29 – Jon Simonssøn, Norwegian humanist (b. 1512)
August 2 – Christopher II, Margrave of Baden-Rodemachern (b. 1537)
September 17 – Heinrich Bullinger, Swiss religious reformer (b. 1504)
September 24 – Anna of Oldenburg, Regent of East Frisia (b. 1501)
October 17 – Gaspar Cervantes de Gaeta, Spanish Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1511)
October 20 – Kaspar Eberhard, German theologian (b. 1523)
October 24 – Peder Oxe, Danish finance minister (b. 1520)
November 2 – Sabina of Brandenburg-Ansbach, German princess (b. 1529)
December 1 – Diego Andrada de Payva, Portuguese theologian (b. 1528)
December 23 – Akiyama Nobutomo, Japanese retainer (b. 1531)
December 31 – Pierino Belli, Italian soldier and jurist (b. 1502)
date unknown
- Constantio Varoli, Italian anatomist (b. 1543)
- Isabel de Josa, Catalan writer (b. 1508)

1576

January 19 – Hans Sachs, German Meistersinger (b. 1494)
January 27 – Mizuno Nobumoto, Japanese shōgun
February 10 – Wilhelm/Guilielmus Xylander, German classical scholar (b. 1532)
February 12 – John Albert I, Duke of Mecklenburg (b. 1525)
March 5 – Luis de Requesens y Zúñiga, Spanish governor of the Netherlands (b. 1528)
March 18 – Johann Stössel, German theologian (b. 1524)
May 14 – Tahmasp I, Shah of Persia (b. 1514)
May 30 – Harada Naomasa, Japanese samurai
June 30 – Franciscus Sonnius, Dutch counter-Reformation theologian (b. 1506)
July 2 – Josias Simler, Swiss scholar (b. 1530)
July 11 – Eleonora di Garzia di Toledo, Italian noble (d. 1553)
July 16 – Isabella de' Medici, Italian noble (d. 1542)
August 15 or August 22 – Bálint Bakfark, Hungarian composer and lutenist (b. 1507)
August 27 – Titian, Italian painter (b. c. 1489)^[424]
September 21 – Gerolamo Cardano, Italian mathematician, physician, astrologer and gambler (b. 1502)
September 22 – Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex (b. 1541)^[425]
October 12 – Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1527)
October 14 – Konrad Heresbach, German Calvinist (b. 1496)
October 26 – Frederick III, Elector Palatine, ruler from the house of Wittelsbach (b. 1515)
November 4 – John Paulet, 2nd Marquess of Winchester (b. c. 1510)
November 9 – Chamaraja Wodeyar IV, King of Mysore (b. 1507)
date unknown
- Paula Vicente, Portuguese artist, musician and writer (b. 1519)
probable
- Anthony More, Dutch portrait painter (b. 1512)
- Nicola Vicentino, Italian music theorist and composer (b. 1511)

1577

January 23 – Nicolas, Duke of Mercœur, Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1524)
February – Adam von Bodenstein, Swiss alchemist and physician (b. 1528)
February 26 – King Eric XIV of Sweden (b. 1533)^[426]
March 23 – Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (b. 1529)
April 13 – Konrad Hubert, German theologian and hymnwriter (b. 1507)
May – Richard Aertsz, Dutch painter (b. 1482)
May 5 – Viglius, Dutch statesman (b. 1507)^[427]
May 31 – García Álvarez de Toledo, 4th Marquis of Villafranca, Spanish noble and admiral (b. 1514)
June 4 – Alvise I Mocenigo, Doge of Venice (b. 1507)
June 7 – Daniel, Count of Waldeck (b. 1530)
June 12 – Orazio Samacchini, Italian painter (b. 1532)
July 23 – Scipione Rebiba, Italian cardinal (b. 1504)
July 26 – Blaise de Lasseran-Massencôme, seigneur de Montluc, Marshal of France (b. 1502)
August 12 – Thomas Smith, English scholar and diplomat (b. 1513)
September 7 – Infanta Maria of Guimarães (b. 1538)
September 27 – Diego de Covarrubias y Leyva, Spanish jurist and archbishop of Cuenca (b. 1512)
October 3 – Henry IX, Count of Waldeck (b. 1531)
October 7 – George Gascoigne, English poet (b. c. 1525)
October 10 – Maria of Portugal, Duchess of Viseu (b. 1521)
November 19 – Matsunaga Hisahide, Japanese warlord (b. 1508)
November 29 – Cuthbert Mayne, English saint (b. 1543)
December 4 – Achilles Gasser, German physician and astrologer (b. 1505)
December 18 – Anna of Saxony, princess consort of Orange (b. 1544)

1578

January 5 – Giulio Clovio, Dalmatian painter (b. 1498)
January 6 – Queen Inseong, Korean royal consort (b. 1514)
January 25 – Mihrimah Sultan, Sultan Suleiman's daughter (b. 1522)
February 5 or 1579 – Giovanni Battista Moroni, Italian painter (b. 1510)
February 12 – Catherine of Austria, Queen of Portugal (b. 1507)
March 3
- Sebastiano Venier, Doge of Venice (b. 1496)
- Michael Kantakouzenos Şeytanoğlu, Ottoman Greek magnate (b. 1510)
March 7 – Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox (b. 1515)
March 29
- Arthur Champernowne, English admiral (b. 1524)
- Louis I, Cardinal of Guise, French cardinal (b. 1527)
April 2 – Marie Elisabeth of France, French princess (b. 1572)
April 11 – Joanna of Austria, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, Austrian Archduchess (b. 1547)
April 14 – James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell, consort of Mary, Queen of Scots (b. 1535)
April 15 – Wolrad II, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg (b. 1509)
April 19 – Uesugi Kenshin, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1530)
May 4 – Martin Eisengrein, German theologian (b. 1535)
June 16 – Ioan Potcoavă, Russian Cossack ataman
July 2 – Thomas Doughty, English explorer (executed)
July 5 – Cristoforo Madruzzo, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1512)
July 27 – Jane Lumley, English translator (b. 1537)
August 4
- King Sebastian of Portugal (b. 1554)
- Thomas Stukley, English adventurer (b. 1525)
- Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I Saadi, King of Morocco
- Abu Abdallah Mohammed II Saadi, King of Morocco
August 8 – Amago Katsuhisa, Japanese nobleman (b. 1553)
August 11 – Pedro Nunes, Portuguese mathematician (b. 1502)
August 16 – Andrew Corbet, English landowner and politician (b. 1522)
August 20 – Yamanaka Yukimori, Japanese samurai (b. 1545)
September – Pierre Lescot, French architect (b. 1510)
September 3 – Giulio della Rovere, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1533)
September 22 – Archduke Wenceslaus of Austria (b. 1561)
October 1 – Don John of Austria, military leader (b. 1547)^[166]
October 12 – Cornelius Gemma, Dutch astronomer and astrologer (b. 1535)
October 18 – Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias, Spanish prince (b. 1571)
December 3 – Gonzalo II Fernández de Córdoba, Governor of the Duchy of Milan (b. 1520)
December – Nicholas Heath, Archbishop of York and Lord Chancellor of England (b. 1501)
date unknown – Sabina, Duchess of Bavaria (b. 1528)

1579

February 5 – Countess Palatine Helena of Simmern, Countess consort of Hanau-Münzenberg (1551-1561) (b. 1532)
February 16 – Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada, Spanish explorer (b. 1509)^[428]
February 20 – Nicholas Bacon, English politician (b. 1509)^[429]
March 12 – Alessandro Piccolomini, Italian humanist and philosopher from Siena (b. 1508)^[430]
April 24 – John Stuart, 4th Earl of Atholl^[431]
May 6 – François de Montmorency, French nobleman (b. 1530)^[432]
May 20 – Isabella Markham, English courtier (b. 1527)^[433]
June 17 – Johannes Stadius, Flemish astronomer, astrologer, mathematician (b. 1527)^[434]
June 25 – Hatano Hideharu, Japanese samurai (b. 1541)
July 3 – Edward Fitton, the elder, Irish politician (b. 1527)^[435]
August 5 – Stanislaus Hosius, Polish Catholic cardinal (b. 1504)^[436]
August 12 – Domenico Bollani, Bishop of Milan (b. 1514)^[437]
October 11 – Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, Turkish Janissary and Grand Vizier (b. 1505)
October 13 – William Drury, English politician (b. 1527)^[438]
October 21 – Tanegashima Tokitaka, Japanese Daimyo (b. 1528)
October 24 – Albert V, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1528)^[439]
November 9 – Philip VI, Count of Waldeck (1567–1579) (b. 1551)^[440]
November 15 – Francis David, Hungarian religious reformer (b. 1510)^[441]
November 21 – Thomas Gresham, English merchant and financier (b. 1519)^[442]
date unknown
- Giovanni Battista Adriani, Italian historian (b. c. 1512)^[443]
- Diego de Landa, Spanish Bishop of the Yucatán (b. 1524)^[444]
- Hieronim Jarosz Sieniawski, Polish noble (b. 1516)^[445]
- Barbara Thenn, Austrian merchant and Münzmeister (b. 1519)^[446]
- William Whittingham, English Biblical scholar and religious reformer (b. 1524)^[447]
- Voravongsa I, Laotian king of Lan Xang
probable – Hans Staden, German adventurer (b. 1525)

References

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