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1936 in aviation

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This is a list of aviation-related events from 1936:

Events

January

February

  • British Marine Aircraft Ltd. is established at Hamble, Hampshire to produce Sikorsky S-42-A flying boats under licence in the United Kingdom but nothing comes of it. The company subsequently will become Folland Aircraft Limited.[11]
  • Flying an Aeronca C-3, Helen Richey sets an international women's speed record for light planes, averaging 73 mph (117 km/h) during a 51-minute flight covering 100 km (62 mi).[12]
  • February 2 Karl Lange makes a daring landing on the ice of Chesapeake Bay in the Goodyear Blimp Enterprise as part of a United States Army Air Corps operation to bring supplies by air to the residents of Virginia′s Tangier Island, who face starvation after a severe winter storm. Ships have been unable to reach the island because of ice in the bay.[13]
  • February 9 After a one-hour, 54-mile (87-km) flight from Langley Field, Virginia, a U.S. Army Air Corps 49th Bomb Squadron Keystone B-6A bomber drops 1,000 pounds (450 kg) of supplies in 50-pound (23 kg) parcels to the residents of Tangier Island, flying at an altitude of not more than 10 feet (3.0 meters).[14]
  • February 10 During the morning, two U.S. Army Air Corps 49th Bomb Squadron B-6A bombers make flights to drop supplies at very low altitudes at Tangier Island, and a third B-6A drops supplies at nearby Smith Island, Maryland. Two B-6As drop additional supplies at Tangier Island during the afternoon. Based on the success of the supply flights of February 9 and 10, the 49th Bomb Squadron will fly an additional 13 flights to drop supplies to the islands using Martin B-10B bombers.[14]
  • February 13 Imperial Airways commences airmail services to West Africa.
  • February 15 Italian aircraft based at nearby Mek'ele, Ethiopia, maintain at least 12 aircraft over the battlefield all day during the Battle of Amba Aradam against Ethiopian troops. It is a forerunner of the World War II "cab rank" technique of keeping airborne aircraft continually on call over a battlefield to bomb enemy positions when needed.[15][16]
  • February 16–19 On February 16, Marshal Pietro Badoglio orders Italian ground forces not to pursue Ethiopian forces after they begin to retreat from Amba Aradam and assigns the task of exploitation of Italy's victory to the Italian Royal Air Force (Regia Aeronautica), a novel task for an air force. Italian aircraft drop 40 tons (36,288 kg) of bombs on retreating Ethiopian forces over the last four days of the battle with devastating effect, and on February 19 a strafing aircraft mortally wounds the Ethiopian military leader Ras Mulugeta Yeggazu, who dies eight days later.[17]
  • February 17 The Australian airline Ansett Airways (the future Ansett Australia) begins flight operations. Its first flight is from Hamilton Airport in Victoria to Melbourne, using a Fokker Universal.
  • February 27 During the Second Battle of Tembien, Italian aircraft drop 200 tons (181 tonnes/metric tons) of high-explosive bombs on forming-up areas for Ethiopian troops and kill many Ethiopians fleeing the battlefield as they ford the Takkaze River.[18]

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

  • November 1 Central Airlines and Pennsylvania Airlines merge to form Pennsylvania Central Airlines.
  • November 3 New Soviet Polikarpov I-15 and I-16 fighters fly their first missions of the Spanish Civil War, supporting Republican forces. Their superior performance will allow the Republican side to gain air superiority over Nationalist forces.[58]
  • November 4 Soviet fighters see combat for the first time in the Spanish Civil War, when Polikarpov I-15s led by Pavel Rychagov disperse a squadron of Fiat CR.32 fighters escorting Junkers Ju 52 bombers over Madrid, shooting two CR.32s and two Ju 52s, and forcing a third Ju 52 and a Heinkel two-seater aircraft to crash-land without loss to themselves. Over the next two days, the Soviet pilots claim 12 more aerial victories in exchange for the loss of two I-15s.[36][59][60]
  • November 6 The German Luftwaffe's Condor Legion, a force of about 100 aircraft, begins to depart Germany for Seville, Spain, to support Nationalist forces in the Spanish Civil War.[61][62]
  • November 8–23 Soviet aircraft play an important role in the Republican defense of Madrid.[36]
  • November 12 The Congress of the Philippines passes the Civil Aviation Law of the Philippines, creating the country's Bureau of Aeronautics.
  • November 15–17 The German Condor Legion sees its first action of the Spanish Civil War, supporting Nationalist forces fighting to take Madrid.[36]
  • November 16 Flying a Polikarpov I-15 fighter, future Soviet Air Forces ace Pavel Rychagov is shot down during a dogfight with Fiat CR.32s over Madrid. He survives and returns to duty.[60]
  • November 19 The Uruguayan airline PLUNA begins flight operations.
  • November 19–22 Curious to see the reaction of a civilian population to an attempt to systematically destroy its city by bombing, officers of the German Condor Legion supporting Francisco Franco's desire to bomb Madrid into surrendering oversee a bombing campaign by German Junker Ju 52s and Italian Savoia-Marchetti SM.81s that kills 150 people in the city. It is the heaviest bombing ever carried out against a city up to that time.[63]
  • November 28 Thus far in the Spanish Civil War, Italy has sent about 24 Fiat CR.32 fighters, 19 Savoia-Marchetti SM.81 bombers, and some IMAM Ro.37 reconnaissance aircraft to support the Nationalists.[64]

December

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First flights

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

December

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Entered service

January

February

March

June

July

August

October

November

Retirements

December

References

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