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2-Oxo-LSD
Pharmaceutical compound From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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2-Oxo-LSD, also known as 2-oxy-LSD or 2-keto-LSD, or more fully as 2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-LSD, is a lysergamide and metabolite of the psychedelic drug lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD).[1][2][3][4] It is a metabolite of LSD in both humans and various animal species,[1][2][3][5] although there are important differences in LSD metabolism and relative proportions of metabolites between species.[2][6][5]
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Metabolism
It is formed directly from LSD in the body and is also possibly an intermediate in the generation of LSD's major metabolite 2-oxo-3-hydroxy-LSD (O-H-LSD), which is present in urine at concentrations 4 to 40 times those of LSD in humans.[7][3][8][9][10] However, O-H-LSD may also form from other metabolites, such as 3-hydroxy-LSD.[3][10][7] The specific enzymes responsible for the generation of individual LSD metabolites like 2-oxo-LSD are largely unknown.[8][9][3][6] However, several cytochrome P450 enzymes were investigated and implicated in the formation of O-H-LSD in 2019.[11]
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Pharmacology
2-Oxo-LSD showed absence of various pharmacological effects in animals.[12][13] In contrast to LSD and certain other metabolites like 13-hydroxy-LSD, 2-oxo-LSD failed to produce LSD-like electroencephalogram (EEG) changes in rabbits.[5] 2-Oxo-LSD at a dose of 300 μg orally produced no psychoactive effects in a human subject who had previously responded to 30 μg LSD.[4][12][14][13] It was concluded that 2-oxo-LSD shows no LSD-like activity in the central nervous system and hence is inactive.[13][12][2][15] 2-Oxo-LSD's derivative O-H-LSD showed profound loss of activity at the serotonin 5-HT2 receptors compared to LSD in vitro.[11] 2-Oxo-LSD is said to readily enter the brain.[15]
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History
2-Oxo-LSD was first described in the scientific literature by Julius Axelrod and colleagues in 1957.[1][13][16][17]
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External links
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