EMR1

EGF-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1 also known as F4/80 is a protein encoded by the ADGRE1 gene.^{[5][6][7][8][9]}

ADGRE1
Identifiers
Aliases	ADGRE1, TM7LN3, EMR1, adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E1
External IDs	OMIM: 600493; MGI: 106912; HomoloGene: 1493; GeneCards: ADGRE1; OMA:ADGRE1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human)[1] Band 19p13.3-p13.2 Start 6,887,566 bp[1] End 6,940,459 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 17 (mouse)[2] Band 17 D|17 29.8 cM Start 57,665,691 bp[2] End 57,790,527 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in monocyte blood granulocyte testicle spleen bone marrow appendix right lung bone marrow cells palpebral conjunctiva Top expressed in stroma of bone marrow muscle layer of urethra calvaria granulocyte mesenteric lymph nodes lamina propria of urethra spleen right ventricle tibiofemoral joint ankle joint More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function calcium ion binding G protein-coupled receptor activity transmembrane signaling receptor activity signal transducer activity Cellular component integral component of membrane plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane membrane external side of plasma membrane cell periphery intracellular anatomical structure Biological process G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway cell surface receptor signaling pathway cell adhesion adaptive immune response signal transduction immune system process adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2015 13733 Ensembl ENSG00000174837 ENSMUSG00000004730 UniProt Q14246 Q61549 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001256252 NM_001256253 NM_001256254 NM_001256255 NM_001974 NM_010130 NM_001355722 NM_001355723 RefSeq (protein) NP_001243181 NP_001243182 NP_001243183 NP_001243184 NP_001965 NP_034260 NP_001342651 NP_001342652 Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 6.89 – 6.94 Mb Chr 17: 57.67 – 57.79 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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EMR1 is a member of the adhesion GPCR family^[10][11] characterized by an extended extracellular region containing EGF-like domains. EMR1 is predominantly expressed on the surface of macrophages and plays a significant role in immune response modulation and inflammation. Its expression has been linked to various inflammatory diseases.

Structure

Adhesion GPCRs are characterized by an extended extracellular region often possessing N-terminal protein modules that is linked to a TM7 region via a domain known as the GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain.^[12]

The N-terminal fragment (NTF) of EMR1 contains 4-6 Epidermal Growth Factor-like (EGF-like) domains in human and 4-7 EGF-like domains in the mouse.^[13]

Tissue distribution

EMR1 expression in human is restricted to eosinophils and is a specific marker for these cells.^[14] The murine homolog of EMR1, F4/80, is a well-known and widely used marker of murine macrophage populations.^[15]

Function

F4/80 is not necessary for the development of tissue macrophages but is required for the induction of efferent CD8⁺ regulatory T cells needed for peripheral tolerance.^[16]

Clinical significance

EMR1 can serve as a therapeutic target for depletion of these cells in eosinophilic disorders by using afucosylated antibodies.^[17]

See also

• EGF module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor