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Comparison of retired orbital launch systems

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This comparison of retired orbital launch systems lists the attributes of all retired individual rocket configurations designed to reach orbit. For a list of proposed rocket configurations or individual configurations currently being launched check out Comparison of Orbital Launch Systems.

Retired rockets

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Retired Atlas rockets

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Retired Delta rockets

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Retired Thor rockets

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Notes

  1. Reference altitude 500 km
  2. First suborbital test in 1969, first orbital launch attempt in 1970
  3. Despite not being officially acknowledged by the manufacturer, significant changes between different iterations of the rocket lead to the identification of different variants.[citation needed]
  4. Without Buran, and assuming payload providing orbital insertion
  5. The U.S. Space Shuttle Transportation System and the Soviet Energia-Buran system consist of launch vehicle rockets and returnable spaceplane orbiter. Payload values listed here are for the mass of the payload in cargo bay of the spaceplanes, excluding the mass of the spaceplanes themselves.
  6. The SpaceX website lists the F9 payload to LEO as 13,150kg. The payload to GTO is listed as 4,850kg. However, SpaceX has stated that these numbers include a 30% margin to accommodate re-usability.
  7. Despite not being officially acknowledged by the manufacturer, significant changes between different iterations of the rocket lead to the identification of different variants.[citation needed]
  8. Suborbital test flights in 1995, 1997 and 2002, no orbital launches attempted
  9. The N1 rocket was initially designed for 75 t LEO capacity and launch attempts were made with this version, but there were studies to increase the payload capacity to 90–95 t, if a liquid-hydrogen upper stage engine could be developed.
  10. A suborbital test flight was conducted in May 2018.[59]
  11. The Saturn V made 13 launches, 12 of which reached the correct orbits, and the other (Apollo 6) reached a different orbit than the one which had been planned; however, some mission objectives could still be completed; NASA, Saturn V News Reference, Appendix: Saturn V Flight History (1968) Archived 2011-05-17 at the Wayback Machine. For more information, see the Saturn V article. The Saturn V launch record is usually quoted as having never failed, e.g. "The rocket was masterminded by Wernher Von Braun and did not fail in any of its flights", Alan Lawrie and Robert Godwin; Saturn, but the Apollo 6 launch should be considered a partial mission failure. The 13th launch of Saturn V was in special configuration (SA-513) with the Skylab.
  12. A prior version of the SS-520 flew twice as a suborbital sounding rocket in 1998 and 2000. In 2017, the addition of a small third stage enabled orbital launches of ultra-light nano- or picosatellites.[98]
  13. Reference altitude 400 km
  14. A suborbital test flight failed in 2006. The first two orbital missions failed in 2009 and 2012, and the rocket finally reached orbit in late 2012.[121]
  15. A third rocket exploded before launch.
  16. First orbital launch attempt in 2005
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References

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