EIF1AX

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A, X-chromosomal (eIF1A) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF1AX gene.^[5][6][7] This gene encodes an essential eukaryotic translation initiation factor. The protein is a component of the 43S pre-initiation complex (PIC), which mediates the recruitment of the small 40S ribosomal subunit to the 5' cap of messenger RNAs.^[7]

EIF1AX
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1D7Q, 3ZJY, 4KZY, 4KZZ
Identifiers
Aliases	EIF1AX, EIF1A, EIF1AP1, EIF4C, eIF-1A, eIF-4C, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A, X-linked, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A X-linked
External IDs	OMIM: 300186; MGI: 95298; HomoloGene: 20364; GeneCards: EIF1AX; OMA:EIF1AX - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. X chromosome (human)[1] Band Xp22.12 Start 20,124,525 bp[1] End 20,141,838 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 18 (mouse)[2] Band 18|18 C Start 46,730,768 bp[2] End 46,749,523 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in endothelial cell Skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis gonad lateral nuclear group of thalamus biceps brachii pons ganglionic eminence pericardium Skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii postcentral gyrus Top expressed in seminal vesicula otic placode saccule pineal gland otic vesicle decidua corneal stroma epiblast tail of embryo calvaria More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function translation factor activity, RNA binding protein binding translation initiation factor activity RNA binding Cellular component cytosol Biological process translational initiation protein biosynthesis Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 1964 13664 Ensembl ENSG00000173674 ENSMUSG00000057561 UniProt P47813 Q60872 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001412 NM_010120 NM_001374654 RefSeq (protein) NP_001403 NP_034250 Location (UCSC) Chr X: 20.12 – 20.14 Mb Chr 18: 46.73 – 46.75 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Function

See also: Eukaryotic_translation § Cap-dependent_initiation

eIF1A is an important part of the translation intiation mechanism. It is located at the A-site of the small ribosomal subunit. During translation initiation, the 43S pre-initiation complex scans along the mRNA in search of a start codon. eIF1A's N-terminal tail interacts with the initiator tRNA and the start codon by extending into the P-site, thereby increasing the fidelity of start codon selection.^[8] After the start codon has been selected and eIF1, eIF2, and eIF5 have left the pre-initiation complex, eIF5B is recruited to continue the initiation process. Here, eIF1A interacts with eIF5B such that eIF5B is remodeled into a conformation that allows joining of the large ribosomal subunit.^[9] After the joining of the subunit, it is the dissociation of eIF1A that permits eIF5B to rearrange again, placing the tRNA in its final position.^[9]

Clinical significance

Mutations in this gene have been recurrently seen associated to cases of uveal melanoma with disomy 3.^[10] eIF1A is mutated in thyroid cancers.^[11]

Interactions

EIF1AX has been shown to interact with IPO13.^[12]

See also

• Eukaryotic initiation factors