PPP1R15A

Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 15A, also known as growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein (GADD34), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PPP1R15A gene.^[5][6][7]

PPP1R15A
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4XPN
Identifiers
Aliases	PPP1R15A, GADD34, protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 15A
External IDs	OMIM: 611048; MGI: 1927072; HomoloGene: 8639; GeneCards: PPP1R15A; OMA:PPP1R15A - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human)[1] Band 19q13.33 Start 48,872,421 bp[1] End 48,876,058 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 7 (mouse)[2] Band 7|7 B3 Start 45,172,340 bp[2] End 45,175,692 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in gastric mucosa monocyte vena cava sural nerve upper lobe of left lung granulocyte skin of abdomen gallbladder ascending aorta olfactory zone of nasal mucosa Top expressed in fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell tibiofemoral joint decidua granulocyte muscle of thigh islet of Langerhans saccule spleen lip human fetus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding protein kinase binding protein phosphatase 1 binding protein phosphatase activator activity protein phosphatase regulator activity Cellular component Golgi apparatus endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane mitochondrial outer membrane protein phosphatase type 1 complex endoplasmic reticulum mitochondrion cytosol cytoplasm Biological process negative regulation of protein dephosphorylation cellular response to DNA damage stimulus positive regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced eIF2 alpha dephosphorylation positive regulation of translational initiation in response to stress positive regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress negative regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum regulation of translational initiation by eIF2 alpha dephosphorylation negative regulation of PERK-mediated unfolded protein response regulation of translation apoptotic process response to endoplasmic reticulum stress positive regulation of peptidyl-serine dephosphorylation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 23645 17872 Ensembl ENSG00000087074 ENSMUSG00000040435 UniProt O75807 P17564 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_014330 NM_008654 RefSeq (protein) NP_055145 NP_032680 Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 48.87 – 48.88 Mb Chr 7: 45.17 – 45.18 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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The Gadd34/MyD116 gene was originally discovered as a member in a set of gadd and MyD mammalian genes encoding acidic proteins that synergistically suppress cell growth.^[8] Later on it has been characterized as a gene playing a role in ER stress-induced cell death, being a target of ATF4 that plays a role in ER-mediated cell death via promoting protein dephosphorylation of eIF2α and reversing translational inhibition.^[9]

Function

This gene is a member of a group of genes whose transcript levels are increased following stressful growth arrest conditions and treatment with DNA-damaging agents. The induction of this gene by ionizing radiation occurs in certain cell lines regardless of p53 status, and its protein response is correlated with apoptosis following ionizing radiation.^[7]

Interactions

PPP1R15A has been shown to interact with:

• BAG1^[10]
• LYN,^[11]
• MLL,^[12]
• PPP1CA,^[10][13][14]
• PPP1CB,^[13][14]
• PPP1CC,^[13][14]
• SMARCB1,^[12][13] and
• TSN.^[15]